煤田小断层识别的几个主要影响因素分析
|
摘要
针对构建的全波场地质模型,依据波动方程理论,对数据采集及处理过程中诸如主频、速度误差、横向分辨率、自由地表等因素对识别小地质构造的影响程度进行研究:①通过模拟正演3m、5m断层模型,认为有效分辨小断层的采集主频至少要达到60Hz以上;②对于速度分析误差,10%的速度误差是小断层有效识别的上限;③提高地震波的主频,减小第一菲涅尔带半径,提高横向异常的分辨能力;④在地表地层倾斜的情况下,共中心点(CMP)抽道方法存在缺陷,建议采用CRP抽取道集和采用叠前时间偏移成像技术。
Through full-wave field geologic modeling by the use of wave equation theory,discussed contributing extent of basic frequency,velocity error,transverse resolution and free surface etc.on minor fault identification during data acquisition and processing: ① through forward modeling of 3m,5m throw faults,figured out the basic frequency of acquisition should be above 60Hz to identify minor faults effectively;② velocity error 10% is the upper limit of precise identification;③ to increase seismic wave basic frequency can reduce radius of the first Fresnel zone to improve resolution of lateral anomaly;④ In the condition of slanting surface and strata,the sorting CMP gather has bugs existed,thus the sorting CRP gather and prestack time migration imaging technology are suggested.
Through full-wave field geologic modeling by the use of wave equation theory,discussed contributing extent of basic frequency,velocity error,transverse resolution and free surface etc.on minor fault identification during data acquisition and processing: ① through forward modeling of 3m,5m throw faults,figured out the basic frequency of acquisition should be above 60Hz to identify minor faults effectively;② velocity error 10% is the upper limit of precise identification;③ to increase seismic wave basic frequency can reduce radius of the first Fresnel zone to improve resolution of lateral anomaly;④ In the condition of slanting surface and strata,the sorting CMP gather has bugs existed,thus the sorting CRP gather and prestack time migration imaging technology are suggested.
引文
[1]王赟,芦俊.能识别煤层中垂直断距小于3m的断层吗?[J].煤炭学报,2010.
[2]宫胜家.煤田高分辨地震勘探中的静校正及应用效果[J].中国煤炭地质,2008.
[3]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1991.
[4]徐怀大,王世凤,陈开远.地震地层学解释基础[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990.
[5]王赟.开放系统中地球物理场的理论研究——多波多分量地震勘探中的几个问题[R].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2000.
[6]冷广升,陈加林,王秀荣,等.叠前时间偏移方法在煤田勘探中的应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2008.
[7]吴奕峰,张兴平.地震数学模型技术在煤矿采区地震勘探观测系统设计中的应用[J],中国煤炭地质,2009.
[8]杨占龙,陈启林,郭精义.模型正演与地震资料品质分析[J].天然气地球科学,2005.
[2]宫胜家.煤田高分辨地震勘探中的静校正及应用效果[J].中国煤炭地质,2008.
[3]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1991.
[4]徐怀大,王世凤,陈开远.地震地层学解释基础[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990.
[5]王赟.开放系统中地球物理场的理论研究——多波多分量地震勘探中的几个问题[R].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2000.
[6]冷广升,陈加林,王秀荣,等.叠前时间偏移方法在煤田勘探中的应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2008.
[7]吴奕峰,张兴平.地震数学模型技术在煤矿采区地震勘探观测系统设计中的应用[J],中国煤炭地质,2009.
[8]杨占龙,陈启林,郭精义.模型正演与地震资料品质分析[J].天然气地球科学,2005.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心