基于广义S变换的叠前高频噪声压制
|
摘要
在高分辨率黏性补偿处理中,高频噪声会随着频带的拓宽、有效信号的增强而增强,致使剖面信噪比降低。本文针对这一问题,提出了一种基于广义S变换的时变叠前高频噪声压制方法。该方法通过人机交互方式合理地确定地震数据在不同时刻的高频压制范围,使其既可以有效消除叠前数据中的高频噪声,又可以为后续的高分辨率补偿处理预留下合适的拓频空间。与频率-空间域滤波法相比,该方法具有时变和空变滤波特性,并可充分保留有效信号能量,非常适合于叠前高频噪声压制处理。实际数据处理结果充分证明了该方法的有效性。
With broadening frequency band and enhancing effective signal energy during high resolution anelastic compensation,prestack high frequency noise will be boosted up,which cause lower signal to noise ratio on seismic sections.Therefore we present here a time varying method of prestack high frequency noise suppression based on generalized S transform.This method can reasonably determine high frequency suppression scope by interaction between man and computer,by which high frequency noise in prestack seismic data can be restrained and the reasonable space of deep layer can be reserved in advance for broadening frequency bandwidth in the late stage of high resolution compensation processing.This method can construct time-varying and spatial-varying filter which can better reserve effective signal energy compared with the frequency-space deconvolution filter.The real data processing results indicated that this prestack high frequency noise suppression method based on the generalized S transform is very effective.
With broadening frequency band and enhancing effective signal energy during high resolution anelastic compensation,prestack high frequency noise will be boosted up,which cause lower signal to noise ratio on seismic sections.Therefore we present here a time varying method of prestack high frequency noise suppression based on generalized S transform.This method can reasonably determine high frequency suppression scope by interaction between man and computer,by which high frequency noise in prestack seismic data can be restrained and the reasonable space of deep layer can be reserved in advance for broadening frequency bandwidth in the late stage of high resolution compensation processing.This method can construct time-varying and spatial-varying filter which can better reserve effective signal energy compared with the frequency-space deconvolution filter.The real data processing results indicated that this prestack high frequency noise suppression method based on the generalized S transform is very effective.
引文
[1]Futterman W I.Dispersive body waves.Journal ofGeophysics Research,1962,67(13):5279~5291
[2]Carpenter E W.Absorption of elastic waves—An op-erator for constantQmechanism.SEG TechniadProgram Expanded,1966,15:418~430
[3]Kjartansson E.ConstantQwave propagation and at-tenuation.Journal of Geophysics Research,1979,82(B9):4737~4748
[4]Robinson J C.A technique for the continuous repre-sentation of dispersion in seismic data.Geophysics,1979,44(8):1345~1351
[5]Hargreaves N D,Calvert A J.InverseQfiltering byFourier transform.Geophysics,1991,56(1):519~527
[6]Hargreaves N D.Similarity and the inverseQfilter:some simple algorithms for inverseQfiltering.Geo-physics,1992,57(2):944~947
[7]Wang Y H.InverseQ-filter for seismic resolution en-hancement.Geophysics,2006,71(3):V51~V60
[8]裴江云,何樵登.基于Kjartansson模型的反Q滤波.地球物理学进展,1994,9(2):90~99Pei Jiang-yun,He Qiao-deng.InverseQfiltering ac-cording to Kjartansson model.Progress in Geophys-ics,1994,9(2):90~99
[9]姚振兴,高星,李维新.用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反Q滤波方法.地球物理学报,2003,46(2):229~233Yao Zhen-xing,Gao Xing,Li Wei-xin.The forwardQmethod for compensation attenuation and frequencydispersion used in the seismic profile of depth do-main.Chinese J Geophys,2003,46(2):229~233
[10]Zhang J F,Wapenaar K.Wavefield extrapolation andprestack depth migration in anelastic inhomogeneousmedia.Geophysical Prospecting,2002,50(6):629~643
[11]李雪英.黏性吸收补偿:从反Q滤波到叠前时间偏移[博士学位论文].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2009Li Xue-ying.Compensation for anelastic absorption:from inverseQfiltering to prestack time migration[D](in Chinese).Beijing:Graduate University ofChinese Academy of Sciences,2009
[12]Wang Y H.A stable and efficient approach of inverseQfiltering.Geophysics,2002,67(2):657~663
[13]李雪英,吕喜滨等.稳定高效的时域反Q滤波方法.地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):211~218Li Xue-ying,LüXi-bin et al.A stable and efficientapproach of inverseQfiltering in time domain.Pro-gress in Geophysics,2010,25(1):211~218
[14]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localizationof the complex spectrum:The S transform.IEEETrans,Signal Process,1996,44(4):998~1001
[15]Pinnegar R C,Mansinha L.The S-transform with win-dows of arbitrary and varying shape.Geophysics,2003,68(1):381~385
[16]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析.地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526~532Gao Jing-hai,Chen Wen-chao,Li You-ming et al.Generalized S transform and seismic response analysisof thin interbeds.Chinese J Geophys,2003,46(4):526~532
[17]Pinnegar R C,Eaton D W.Application of S trans-form to prestack noise attenuation filtering.J Geo-phys Res,2003,108(B9):1~10
[18]王云专,兰金涛,龙玉沙.基于S变换的随机噪声压制方法.地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):562~567Wang Yun-zhuan,Lan Jin-tao,Long Yu-sha.Themethod for attenuating random nosise based on Stransform.Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(2):562~567
[19]赵淑红,朱光明.S变换时频滤波去噪方法.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):402~406Zhao Shu-hong,Zhu Guang-ming.Time-frequencyfiltering to denoise by S transform.OGP,2007,42(4):402~406
[20]焦叙明,刘怀山,童思友.广义S变换在叠前地震资料去噪中的应用.中国海洋大学学报,2007,37(增Ⅱ):177~180Jiao Xu-ming,Liu Huai-shan,Tong Si-you.Applica-tion of generalized S transform for pre-stack seismicdata denoising.Periodical of Ocean University ofChina,2007,37(SupⅡ):177~180
[2]Carpenter E W.Absorption of elastic waves—An op-erator for constantQmechanism.SEG TechniadProgram Expanded,1966,15:418~430
[3]Kjartansson E.ConstantQwave propagation and at-tenuation.Journal of Geophysics Research,1979,82(B9):4737~4748
[4]Robinson J C.A technique for the continuous repre-sentation of dispersion in seismic data.Geophysics,1979,44(8):1345~1351
[5]Hargreaves N D,Calvert A J.InverseQfiltering byFourier transform.Geophysics,1991,56(1):519~527
[6]Hargreaves N D.Similarity and the inverseQfilter:some simple algorithms for inverseQfiltering.Geo-physics,1992,57(2):944~947
[7]Wang Y H.InverseQ-filter for seismic resolution en-hancement.Geophysics,2006,71(3):V51~V60
[8]裴江云,何樵登.基于Kjartansson模型的反Q滤波.地球物理学进展,1994,9(2):90~99Pei Jiang-yun,He Qiao-deng.InverseQfiltering ac-cording to Kjartansson model.Progress in Geophys-ics,1994,9(2):90~99
[9]姚振兴,高星,李维新.用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反Q滤波方法.地球物理学报,2003,46(2):229~233Yao Zhen-xing,Gao Xing,Li Wei-xin.The forwardQmethod for compensation attenuation and frequencydispersion used in the seismic profile of depth do-main.Chinese J Geophys,2003,46(2):229~233
[10]Zhang J F,Wapenaar K.Wavefield extrapolation andprestack depth migration in anelastic inhomogeneousmedia.Geophysical Prospecting,2002,50(6):629~643
[11]李雪英.黏性吸收补偿:从反Q滤波到叠前时间偏移[博士学位论文].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2009Li Xue-ying.Compensation for anelastic absorption:from inverseQfiltering to prestack time migration[D](in Chinese).Beijing:Graduate University ofChinese Academy of Sciences,2009
[12]Wang Y H.A stable and efficient approach of inverseQfiltering.Geophysics,2002,67(2):657~663
[13]李雪英,吕喜滨等.稳定高效的时域反Q滤波方法.地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):211~218Li Xue-ying,LüXi-bin et al.A stable and efficientapproach of inverseQfiltering in time domain.Pro-gress in Geophysics,2010,25(1):211~218
[14]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localizationof the complex spectrum:The S transform.IEEETrans,Signal Process,1996,44(4):998~1001
[15]Pinnegar R C,Mansinha L.The S-transform with win-dows of arbitrary and varying shape.Geophysics,2003,68(1):381~385
[16]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析.地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526~532Gao Jing-hai,Chen Wen-chao,Li You-ming et al.Generalized S transform and seismic response analysisof thin interbeds.Chinese J Geophys,2003,46(4):526~532
[17]Pinnegar R C,Eaton D W.Application of S trans-form to prestack noise attenuation filtering.J Geo-phys Res,2003,108(B9):1~10
[18]王云专,兰金涛,龙玉沙.基于S变换的随机噪声压制方法.地球物理学进展,2010,25(2):562~567Wang Yun-zhuan,Lan Jin-tao,Long Yu-sha.Themethod for attenuating random nosise based on Stransform.Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(2):562~567
[19]赵淑红,朱光明.S变换时频滤波去噪方法.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):402~406Zhao Shu-hong,Zhu Guang-ming.Time-frequencyfiltering to denoise by S transform.OGP,2007,42(4):402~406
[20]焦叙明,刘怀山,童思友.广义S变换在叠前地震资料去噪中的应用.中国海洋大学学报,2007,37(增Ⅱ):177~180Jiao Xu-ming,Liu Huai-shan,Tong Si-you.Applica-tion of generalized S transform for pre-stack seismicdata denoising.Periodical of Ocean University ofChina,2007,37(SupⅡ):177~180
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心