准噶尔盆地西北缘南白碱滩断裂成岩封闭作用研究
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摘要
从封闭机理上看,影响断层封闭性的主要因素包括:涂抹作用、碎裂作用及成岩作用。其中成岩作用是静止期断层逐渐封闭的主导因素,其类型主要包括:压实和充填作用、胶结作用,二者对断层的封闭性均具有建设性作用。根据地震、测井、录井及试油等资料,运用定量计算的方法,并结合岩心和岩石薄片观察,对准噶尔盆地西北缘南白碱滩断裂内成岩作用进行了研究。结果表明:由于南白碱滩断裂内压实和充填作用强烈,加之受胶结作用的影响,使断裂带与相邻围岩相比具有较低的孔隙度和渗透率,致使该断裂的封闭性较好,对油气具有良好的封堵作用。最后通过断裂带结构划分,初步认为南白碱滩断裂内成岩胶结作用的影响范围为50～80m。
From the point of sealing mechanism,the factors that affect the closure property of fault are smear effect,fragmentation and diagenesis.Diagenesis is the dominant factor for the gradually closed effect of quiescent fault.Diagenesis types that affect the closure property of faults are compaction and packing action,as well as cementation,which are all constructive for the closure property of faults.Based on the seismic,well logging and testing data,combined with core and rock slice observation,the quantitative calculation method is applied to carry out the study on the diagenesis of Nanbaijiantan fault in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin.The result shows that because of the strong compaction and packing action,as well as cementation,the faulted zone in Nanbaijiantan has lower porosity and permeability,and the fault has good closure property.Through structure division of faulted zone,combined with core and rock slice observation,it is considered that the influence area of diagenetic sealing in the study area ranges from 50 to 80 meters.
From the point of sealing mechanism,the factors that affect the closure property of fault are smear effect,fragmentation and diagenesis.Diagenesis is the dominant factor for the gradually closed effect of quiescent fault.Diagenesis types that affect the closure property of faults are compaction and packing action,as well as cementation,which are all constructive for the closure property of faults.Based on the seismic,well logging and testing data,combined with core and rock slice observation,the quantitative calculation method is applied to carry out the study on the diagenesis of Nanbaijiantan fault in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin.The result shows that because of the strong compaction and packing action,as well as cementation,the faulted zone in Nanbaijiantan has lower porosity and permeability,and the fault has good closure property.Through structure division of faulted zone,combined with core and rock slice observation,it is considered that the influence area of diagenetic sealing in the study area ranges from 50 to 80 meters.
引文
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[14]阎福礼,贾东,卢华复,等.东营凹陷油气运移的地震泵作用[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(4):295-298.
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[19]李忠,费卫红,寿建峰.华北东蹼凹陷异常高压与流体活动及其对储集砂岩成岩作用的制约[J].地质学报.2003,77(1):126-138.
[20]刘亮明.断层带中超压流体及其在地震和成矿中的作用[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(2):238-243.
[21]Cox S F.Faulting processes at high fluid pressures:An example of fault valve behavior from the Wattle Gully Fault,Victoria,Australia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100:1284-1286.
[22]黄思静,黄培培,王庆东,等.胶结作用在深埋藏砂岩孔隙保存中的意义[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(3):7-13.
[23]Hooper E C D.Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments[J].Petroleum Geology,1991,4(2):161-180.
[24]潘建国,郝芳,谭开俊,等.准噶尔盆地红车断裂带古生界火山岩油气藏特征及成藏规律[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(2):53-56.
[25]郭长敏,施振声.歧口凹陷沙一段砂岩成岩作用及孔隙演化[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):34-38.
[26]张敏,王正允,王丽云,等.靖边潜台南部地区马家沟组储集岩的成岩作用及成岩相[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):27-33.
[27]张顺存,刘振宇,刘巍,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘克-百断裂下盘二叠系砂砾岩储层成岩相研究[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(4):43-51.
[28]吴智平,陈伟,薛雁,等.断裂带的结构特征及其对油气输导和封堵性[J].地质学报,2010,84(4):570-578.
[29]宋胜浩.从断裂带内部结构剖析油气沿断层运移规律[J].大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(3):17-20.
[30]付晓飞,方德庆,吕延防,等.从断裂带内部结构出发评价断层垂向封闭性的方法[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2005,30(3):328-336.
[2]吕延防,付广,张云峰,等.断层封闭性研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:33-34.
[3]吕延防,李国会,王跃文,等.断层封闭性的定量研究方法[J].石油学报,1996,17(3):42-43.
[4]付广,李玉喜,张云峰,等.断层垂向封闭油气性研究方法及其应用[J].天然气工业,1997,17(6):22-25.
[5]刘泽容,信荃麟,邓俊国,等.断块群油气藏形成机理和构造模式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:16-40.
[6]付广,吕延防,马福建,等.断层垂向封闭性综合评价方法及其应用[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(5):451-454.
[7]付广,吕延防,付晓飞.断裂缝垂向封闭性评价方法及其应用[J].天然气工业,2004,24(10):20-23.
[8]李文学,高宁.断层垂向封闭形成的主控因素[J].大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(2):98-101.
[9]付广,殷勤,杜影.不同填充形式断层垂向封闭性研究方法及其应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(1):1-5.
[10]张国俊,杨文孝.克拉玛依大断裂带构造特征及找油领域[J].新疆石油地质,1983,4(1):23-28.
[11]蔡忠贤,陈发景,贾振远.准噶尔盆地的类型和构造演化[J].地学前缘,2000,7(4):431-440.
[12]陈书平,张一伟,汤良杰.准噶尔晚石炭世—二叠纪前陆盆地的演化[J].石油大学学报,2001,25(5):11-15.
[13]贾承造,魏国齐,李本亮,等.中国中西部两期前陆盆地的形成及其控气作用[J].石油学报,2003,24(2):13-18.
[14]阎福礼,贾东,卢华复,等.东营凹陷油气运移的地震泵作用[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(4):295-298.
[15]Knipe R J.Juxtaposition and seal diagrams to help analyses fault seals in hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].AAPG Bulletin,1997,81(2):187-195.
[16]鲁雪松,蒋有录,吴伟.对断层开启机制的再认识[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(6):7-10.
[17]华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报.1995,13(2):77-85.
[18]刘立,于均民,孙晓明.热对流成岩作用的基本特征与研究意义[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(5):583-585.
[19]李忠,费卫红,寿建峰.华北东蹼凹陷异常高压与流体活动及其对储集砂岩成岩作用的制约[J].地质学报.2003,77(1):126-138.
[20]刘亮明.断层带中超压流体及其在地震和成矿中的作用[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(2):238-243.
[21]Cox S F.Faulting processes at high fluid pressures:An example of fault valve behavior from the Wattle Gully Fault,Victoria,Australia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100:1284-1286.
[22]黄思静,黄培培,王庆东,等.胶结作用在深埋藏砂岩孔隙保存中的意义[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(3):7-13.
[23]Hooper E C D.Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting sediments[J].Petroleum Geology,1991,4(2):161-180.
[24]潘建国,郝芳,谭开俊,等.准噶尔盆地红车断裂带古生界火山岩油气藏特征及成藏规律[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(2):53-56.
[25]郭长敏,施振声.歧口凹陷沙一段砂岩成岩作用及孔隙演化[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):34-38.
[26]张敏,王正允,王丽云,等.靖边潜台南部地区马家沟组储集岩的成岩作用及成岩相[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):27-33.
[27]张顺存,刘振宇,刘巍,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘克-百断裂下盘二叠系砂砾岩储层成岩相研究[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(4):43-51.
[28]吴智平,陈伟,薛雁,等.断裂带的结构特征及其对油气输导和封堵性[J].地质学报,2010,84(4):570-578.
[29]宋胜浩.从断裂带内部结构剖析油气沿断层运移规律[J].大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(3):17-20.
[30]付晓飞,方德庆,吕延防,等.从断裂带内部结构出发评价断层垂向封闭性的方法[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2005,30(3):328-336.
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