塔里木盆地东部中-上奥陶统却尔却克组海相碎屑岩中的有效烃源岩
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摘要
对塔里木盆地东部中-上奥陶统却尔却克组碎屑岩中多个泥岩样品的热解有机碳分析、英东2井岩心详细描述及多条二维地震剖面的综合解释表明,在巨厚的却尔却克组碎屑岩地层的中下部存在一套累计厚度约100m的海相烃源岩。这套烃源岩总有机碳含量可达1.23%;具有较高的自然伽马值和低电阻率值;在地震剖面上具明显的强相位反射特征。该套烃源岩在塔里木盆地东部均有分布,向东、西两方向分别超覆尖灭于罗西台地边缘和古城—轮古东台地边缘,在南北方向上,分别断失在车尔臣断裂、孔雀河断裂发育处,其中西北缘超覆在孔雀河斜坡处。却尔却克组海相烃源岩是在海侵背景下,大规模海底扇发育间歇期,水体相对安静时沉积的一套深水陆棚—盆地相泥岩。
Hydrocarbon source rocks usually occurred in a marine carbonate environment in Tarim Basin during Ordovician,no effective source rocks have been found in the Middle-Upper Ordovician thick marine clastic.The analysis of pyrolyzed organic carbon in some mudstones systematically sampled from the Queerquek Formation in the eastern Tarim Basin,the detailed observation and description of cores from the Queerquek Formation of Well Yingdong-2,and the comprehensive interpretation of various 2-dimensional seismic sections indicated that a suite of marine hydrocarbon source rocks with a total accumulated thickness of nearly 100m occurs at the middle and lower parts of the Middle-Upper Ordovician thick Queerquek marine clastic.This suite of source rocks,which has TOC as high as 1.23%,is electronically characterized by a higher natural gamma-ray value and lower electric resistivity,indicating a relatively pure mudstone,and is obviously of high amplitude reflection in seismic sections.Widely distributed in the eastern Tarim Basin,these source rocks overlapped and pinched out eastward in the Luoxi platform margin and westward in the Gucheng-Lungudong platform margin,respectively.Meanwhile,the distribution of these source rocks along the south-north strike disappeared at the Che'erchen fault in the south and the Peacock River fault in the north,respectively,while on the northwestern rim they overlapped upon the Peacock River ramp.The marine source rock in the Queerquek Formation is a suite of deep-water shelf–basin facies mudstones deposited during the intermission of extensive development of submarine fans when transgression happened and water body was relatively quiet.
Hydrocarbon source rocks usually occurred in a marine carbonate environment in Tarim Basin during Ordovician,no effective source rocks have been found in the Middle-Upper Ordovician thick marine clastic.The analysis of pyrolyzed organic carbon in some mudstones systematically sampled from the Queerquek Formation in the eastern Tarim Basin,the detailed observation and description of cores from the Queerquek Formation of Well Yingdong-2,and the comprehensive interpretation of various 2-dimensional seismic sections indicated that a suite of marine hydrocarbon source rocks with a total accumulated thickness of nearly 100m occurs at the middle and lower parts of the Middle-Upper Ordovician thick Queerquek marine clastic.This suite of source rocks,which has TOC as high as 1.23%,is electronically characterized by a higher natural gamma-ray value and lower electric resistivity,indicating a relatively pure mudstone,and is obviously of high amplitude reflection in seismic sections.Widely distributed in the eastern Tarim Basin,these source rocks overlapped and pinched out eastward in the Luoxi platform margin and westward in the Gucheng-Lungudong platform margin,respectively.Meanwhile,the distribution of these source rocks along the south-north strike disappeared at the Che'erchen fault in the south and the Peacock River fault in the north,respectively,while on the northwestern rim they overlapped upon the Peacock River ramp.The marine source rock in the Queerquek Formation is a suite of deep-water shelf–basin facies mudstones deposited during the intermission of extensive development of submarine fans when transgression happened and water body was relatively quiet.
引文
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[2]赵靖舟.塔里木盆地北部寒武—奥陶系海相烃源岩重新认识[J].沉积学报,2001,19(1):117-124.Zhao Jingzhou.Evoluation on the Cambrian-Ordovician marinesource rocks fromthe North Tari m Basin[J].Acta Sedi mento-logica Sinica,2001,19(1):117-124.
[3]张水昌,梁狄刚,张宝民,等.塔里木盆地海相油气的生成[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.Zhang Shuichang,Liang Digang,Zhang Baomin,et al.Marine oiland gas genesis in Tari m Basin[J].Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress,2004.
[4]张水昌,张宝民,边立曾,等.中国海相烃源岩发育控制因素[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):39-48.Zhang Shuichang,Zhang Baomin,Bian Lizeng,et al.Developmentconstraints of marine source rocks in China[J].Earth ScienceFrontiers,2005,12(3):39-48.
[5]高志勇,朱如凯,张兴阳.塔里木盆地中上奥陶统碳酸盐岩烃源岩沉积环境[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(6):708-711.Gao Zhiyong,Zhu Rukai,Zhang Xingyang.Sedi mentary environ-ment of carbonate source rocks of Middle-Upper Ordovician inTari m Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(6):708-711.
[6]高志勇,张水昌,张兴阳,等.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系海相烃源岩空间展布与层序类型的关系[J].科学通报,2007,52(增刊1):70-77.Gao Zhiyong,Zhang Shuichang,Zhang Xingyang,et al.Relationsbetween spatial distribution and sequence types of the Cambrian-Ordovician marine source rocks in Tari m Basin[J].Chinese Sci-ence Bulletin,2007,52(Supplement1):70-77.
[7]高志勇,张水昌,朱如凯,等.塔中地区良里塔格组海平面变化与烃源岩的非均质性[J].石油学报,2007,28(5):45-50.Gao Zhiyong,Zhang Shuichang,Zhu Rukai,et al.Sea-levelchange and heterogeneity of source rocks of Lianglitage Forma-tionin the central Tari m area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(5):45-50.
[8]刘全有,金之钧,王毅,等.塔里木盆地天然气成因类型与分布规律[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):46-50.Liu Quanyou,Jin Zhijun,Wang Yi,et al.Genetic type and distri-bution of natural gas in Tari m Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):46-50.
[9]周新源,王招明,杨海军,等.中国海相油气田勘探实例之五:塔中奥陶系大型凝析气田的勘探和发现[J].海相油气地质,2006,11(1):45-51.Zhou Xinyuan,Wang Zhaoming,Yang Haijun,et al.Cases of dis-covery and exploration of marine fields in China(Part5):Tazhong Ordovician condensate field in Tari m Basin[J].MarineOrigin Petroleum Geology,2006,11(1):45-51.
[10]周新源,杨海军,蔡振忠,等.中国海相油气田勘探实例之十:塔里木盆地哈得逊海相砂岩油田的勘探与发现[J].海相油气地质,2007,12(4):51-60.Zhou Xinyuan,Yang Haijun,Cai Zhenzhong,et al.Cases of dis-covery and exploration of marine fields in China(Part10):Hade-xun sandstone oilfieldin Tari m Basin[J].Marine Origin Petrole-um Geology,2007,12(4):51-60.
[11]周新源,杨海军,韩剑发,等.中国海相油气田勘探实例之十二:塔里木盆地轮南奥陶系油气田的勘探与发现[J].海相油气地质,2009,14(4):67-77.Zhou Xinyuan,Yang Haijun,Han Jianfa,et al.Cases of discoveryand exploration of marine fields in China(Part12):Lunnan Or-dovician oil-gas fieldin Tari mBasin[J].Marine Origin PetroleumGeology,2009,14(4):67-77.
[12]周新源,杨海军,胡剑风,等.中国海相油气田勘探实例之十三:塔里木盆地东河塘海相砂岩油田勘探与发现[J].海相油气地质,2010,15(1):73-78.Zhou Xinyuan,Yang Haijun,Hu Jianfeng,et al.Cases of discov-ery and exploration of marine fields in China(Part13):Donghet-ang sandstone oil fieldin Tari mBasin[J].Marine Origin Petrole-um Geology,2010,15(1):73-78.
[13]张月巧,贾进斗,靳久强,等.塔东地区寒武—奥陶系沉积相与沉积演化模式[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):229-234.Zhang Yueqiao,Jia Jindou,Jin Jiuqiang,et al.Characteristics ofCambrian-Ordovician sedi mentary faciesin Tadong region anditssedi mentary model[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(2):229-234.
[14]赵为永,刘文龙,门广田,等.烃源岩分布面积及厚度的预测方法——以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷为例[J].石油学报,2007,28(5):67-71.Zhao Weiyong,Liu Wenlong,Men Guangtian,et al.Predictionmethod for distribution area and thickness of hydrocarbon sourcerocks:Taking Xujiaweizi Depression in Songliao Basin as an ex-ample[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(5):67-71.
[15]许化政,王传刚.海相烃源岩发育环境与岩石的沉积序列——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].石油学报,2010,31(1):25-30.Xu Huazheng,Wang Chuangang.Development environment andlithological sequence of marine source rock:Taking Ordos Basinas an example[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(1):25-30.
[16]高志前,樊太亮,李岩,等.塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶纪海平面升降变化规律研究[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2006,36(4):549-556.Gao Zhiqian,Fan Tailiang,Li Yan,et al.Study on eustatic sea-level change rule in Cambrian-Ordovician in Tari m Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2006,36(4):549-556.
[17]高志前,樊太亮,焦志峰,等.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩台地样式及其沉积响应特征[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):19-27.Gao Zhiqian,Fan Tailiang,Jiao Zhifeng,et al.The structuraltypes and depositional characteristics of carbonate platform inthe Cambrian-Ordovician of Tari mBasin[J].Acta Sedi mentologi-ca Sinica,2006,24(1):19-27.
[18]陈践发,张水昌,鲍志东,等.海相优质烃源岩发育的主要影响因素及沉积环境[J].海相油气地质,2006,11(3):49-54.Chen Jianfa,Zhang Shuichang,Bao Zhidong,et al.Main sedi men-tary environments andinfluencingfactors for development of ma-rine organic-rich source rocks[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geol-ogy,2006,11(3):49-54.
[19]张水昌,梁狄刚,朱光有,等.中国海相油气田形成的地质基础[J].科学通报,2007,52(增刊1):19-31.Zhang Shuichang,Liang Digang,Zhu Guangyou,et al.Funda-mental geological elements for the occurrence of Chinese marineoil and gas accumulations[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(Supplement1):19-31.
[20]吴国干,李华启,初宝洁,等.塔里木盆地东部大地构造演化与油气成藏[J].大地构造与成矿学,2002,26(3):229-234.Wu Guogan,Li Huaqi,Chu Baojie,et al.Geotectonic evolutionand petroleum accumulation in east Tari m[J].Geotectonica etMetallogenia,2002,26(3):229-234.
[21]钟广法,刘学锋,邓常念,等.塔里木盆地塔东凸起西部中上奥陶统地震层序与海底扇沉积[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2006,31(3):366-371.Zhong Guangfa,Liu Xuefeng,Deng Changnian,et al.Middle-Up-per Ordovician seismic sequences and submarine fan deposits inWest Tadong Uplift,Tari m Basin,Northwest China[J].EarthScience:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2006,31(3):366-371.
[22]刘忠宝,于炳松,陈晓林,等.塔里木盆地塔东地区中—上奥陶统海底扇浊积岩层序地层格架及沉积特征[J].现代地质,2003,17(4):408-414.Liu Zhongbao,Yu Bingsong,Chen Xiaolin,et al.Sequence stra-tigraphy and sedi mentary characters of submarine fan of Middle-Upper Ordovicianin Tadong area,the Tari m Basin[J].Geosci-ence,2003,17(4):408-414.
[23]Potter P E,Maynard J B,Pryor W A.Sedi mentology of shale:Study guide and reference source[M].New York:Springer-Ver-lag,1980:1-305.
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