碳酸盐岩储集层模型数值模拟与分析
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摘要
碳酸盐岩储层作为油气勘探领域中的重要研究目标,其波场特征变化极为复杂,为提高对该类储集层多波地震资料的认知度,高精度数值模拟是行之有效的方法之一。这里在各向同性弹性波方程基础上,推导了纵波、横波分离方程,运用高阶交错网格有限差分技术与PML边界吸收技术,高精度模拟地震波在碳酸盐岩储层中的传播,得到了该类储层模型中的弹性波全波场,也分离出纵波信息和转换波波场信息,并保留了各自能量信息。同时结合AVO技术分析了弹性波在碳酸盐岩储层中AVO响应特征,并通过对储层理论模型进行试算,分析研究该类储层中的波场响应特征及传播规律,为碳酸盐岩储层的识别与预测提供参考依据,更能满足复杂油气田勘探开发的实际需要。
As carbonate rock reservior is an important target of the oil-gas exploration fields,its change of wave fields characteristics are specialy complex.In order to improve the recognization degree of the reservior multi-wave seismic data,high-precision numerical simulation is one of the effective ways.Based on the isotropic elastic wave equation,this paper derived the P-S wave reparation equation,adopted the high-order staggered-grid finite-difference technology to simulate seismic wave propagation in the carbonate rock reservior media,acquired the total elastic wave feilds of the reservior model,deparated the P wave and S wavc information,and preserved the P-S wave energe information.This paper also combined with AVO techonology to analyze the elastic wave AVO response characteristics in this type of carbonate rock reservior,examined the simulation result based the resevior model,and analyzed and researched the wave fields response characteristic and the propagation law,which provided the reference for the carbonate rock reserivor identification and prediction,and better meeted the practical needs of complicated oilfield exploration and development.
As carbonate rock reservior is an important target of the oil-gas exploration fields,its change of wave fields characteristics are specialy complex.In order to improve the recognization degree of the reservior multi-wave seismic data,high-precision numerical simulation is one of the effective ways.Based on the isotropic elastic wave equation,this paper derived the P-S wave reparation equation,adopted the high-order staggered-grid finite-difference technology to simulate seismic wave propagation in the carbonate rock reservior media,acquired the total elastic wave feilds of the reservior model,deparated the P wave and S wavc information,and preserved the P-S wave energe information.This paper also combined with AVO techonology to analyze the elastic wave AVO response characteristics in this type of carbonate rock reservior,examined the simulation result based the resevior model,and analyzed and researched the wave fields response characteristic and the propagation law,which provided the reference for the carbonate rock reserivor identification and prediction,and better meeted the practical needs of complicated oilfield exploration and development.
引文
[1]牟永光,裴正林.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.
[2]裴正林.三维各向同性介质弹性波方程交错网格高阶有限差分法模拟[J].石油物探,2005,44(4):308.
[3]殷八斤,曾灏.AVO技术的理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[4]REYNOLDS A C.Boudary conditions for the numericalsolution of wave propagation problems[J].Geophysics,1978,43(6):895.
[5]CLAYTON R,ENGQUIST B.Absorbing boundary con-ditions for acoustic and elastic wave equations[J].Bull.Seis.Soc.Am.,1977,67(6):1529.
[6]HIGDONR L.Absorbing boundary conditions for elasticwaves[J].Geophysics,1991,56:231.
[7]KOSLOFF R,KOSLOFF D.Absorbing boundaries forwave propagation problems[J].Comput.Phys.,1986,63:363.
[8]JAMES SOCHAKI,ROBERT KUBICHEK,GEORGEJ.Absorbing boundary conditions and surface waves[J].Geophysics,1987,52(1):60.
[9]COLLINO F,TSOHKA C.Application of the perfectlymatched layer model to the linear elastodynamic problemin anisotropic heterogeneous media[J].Geophysics,2001,66:294.
[2]裴正林.三维各向同性介质弹性波方程交错网格高阶有限差分法模拟[J].石油物探,2005,44(4):308.
[3]殷八斤,曾灏.AVO技术的理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[4]REYNOLDS A C.Boudary conditions for the numericalsolution of wave propagation problems[J].Geophysics,1978,43(6):895.
[5]CLAYTON R,ENGQUIST B.Absorbing boundary con-ditions for acoustic and elastic wave equations[J].Bull.Seis.Soc.Am.,1977,67(6):1529.
[6]HIGDONR L.Absorbing boundary conditions for elasticwaves[J].Geophysics,1991,56:231.
[7]KOSLOFF R,KOSLOFF D.Absorbing boundaries forwave propagation problems[J].Comput.Phys.,1986,63:363.
[8]JAMES SOCHAKI,ROBERT KUBICHEK,GEORGEJ.Absorbing boundary conditions and surface waves[J].Geophysics,1987,52(1):60.
[9]COLLINO F,TSOHKA C.Application of the perfectlymatched layer model to the linear elastodynamic problemin anisotropic heterogeneous media[J].Geophysics,2001,66:294.
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