华北地区构造应力场年动态变化特征的数值模拟
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摘要
利用华北地区岩石圈三维黏弹性有限元数值模型,模拟得出华北地区构造应力场现今年变化特征:1)构造应力年变化场的主张应力方向为NNW-SSE,平均量级为3～9 kPa a-1;构造应力年变化场的主压应力方向为NEE-SWW,平均量级为1～6 kPa a-1;华北地区现今主要处于张性构造应力场作用下;2)构造应力年变化场的最大主张应力(NNW向)总体呈现西高东低,且东北部地区较高的空间分布特征,构造应力年变化场的最大主压应力(NEE向)的高值区位于东北部和西南部,上述变化特征有利于山西地区和辽宁地区断裂活动的增强,进而有可能加速这些地区潜在地震的孕震过程;3)郯庐带断裂面库仑破裂应力年累积速率具有分段特征:嘉山-广济段的年累积速率最高,平均达6 kPa a-1;鞍山-辽东湾段的年累积速率次之,平均达5 kPa a-1;渤海段和莱州湾-嘉山段的年累积速率相对较低,平均为3～4 kPa a-1。
On the basis of a 3-D visco-elastic finite element model of lithosphere in North China,we simulated numerically the recent annual changing characteristics of tectonic stress field in the region as follows.1)The maximum principal extensional stress is 3-9 kPa a-1 and its azimuth lie in NNW-SSE,the maximum principal compressive stress is about 1-6 kPa a-1 and its azimuth lie in NEE-SWW.The whole North China is under the extensional stress field.2)The maximum principal extensional stress presents high in the west and low in the east,in general,and the stress of whole NE area is high,and the maximum compressive is high in the NE and SN area.This kind of change is benefical for the enhancement of the fault action in Shanxi and Liaoning areas and many speed up the potencial seismogenic process.3)Annual cumulative rates of coulomb fracture stress in Tanlu fault belt is of a segmentation pattern that the rate of Jiashan-Guangji segment is highest(6 kPa a-1),in Anshan-Liaodong Bay segment it is higher(5 kPa a-1) and others are lower(3-4 kPa a-1).
On the basis of a 3-D visco-elastic finite element model of lithosphere in North China,we simulated numerically the recent annual changing characteristics of tectonic stress field in the region as follows.1)The maximum principal extensional stress is 3-9 kPa a-1 and its azimuth lie in NNW-SSE,the maximum principal compressive stress is about 1-6 kPa a-1 and its azimuth lie in NEE-SWW.The whole North China is under the extensional stress field.2)The maximum principal extensional stress presents high in the west and low in the east,in general,and the stress of whole NE area is high,and the maximum compressive is high in the NE and SN area.This kind of change is benefical for the enhancement of the fault action in Shanxi and Liaoning areas and many speed up the potencial seismogenic process.3)Annual cumulative rates of coulomb fracture stress in Tanlu fault belt is of a segmentation pattern that the rate of Jiashan-Guangji segment is highest(6 kPa a-1),in Anshan-Liaodong Bay segment it is higher(5 kPa a-1) and others are lower(3-4 kPa a-1).
引文
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8符养,等.利用中国地壳运动观测网络研究中国大陆对于ITRF97板块模型形变[J].地球物理学报,2001,45(3):330-337.(Fu Yang,et al.The investigations on crustal de-formation in China under ITRF97 plate model using data ofcrustal movement observation network in China[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,45(3):330-337)
9张静华,等.用GPS测量结果研究华北现今构造形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):40-46.(Zhang Jinghua,et al.Study on present-day deformation andstrain field in North China by use of GPS data[J].Journalof Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(3):40-46)
10万天丰.郯庐断裂带的演化与古应力场[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1995,20(5):526-534.(WanTianfeng.Evolution of Tanchen-Lujiang fault zone and pal-eostress fields[J].Earth Science-Journal of China Univer-sity of Geosciences,1995,20(5):526-534)
11张鹏,等.郯庐断裂带的分段性研究[J].地质论评,2007,53(5):586-591.(Zhang Peng,et al.Research onthe segmentation of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone[J].Geo-logical Review,2007,53(5):586-591)
12朱红彬,等.华北构造区主要地震带分段与强震活动[J].地震学报,2010,32(6):705-717.(Zhu Hongbin,et al.Segmentation of main seismic belts and strong earth-quakes in North China tectonic region[J].Acta Seismolog-ica Sinica,2010,32(6):705-717)
13陈连旺,等.川滇地区强震序列库仑破裂应力加卸载效应的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1 411-1 421.(Chen Lianwang,et al.Numerical simulation ofloading/unloading effect on Coulomb failure stress amongstrong earthquakes in Sichuan-Yunnan area[J].Chinese JGeophys.,2008,51(5):1 411-1 421)
2许忠淮.板内应力场研究新成果的总结[J].地球物理学进展,1994,9(1):75-83.(Xu Zhonghuai.An aggregationof new results of intraplate stress researches:a brief accountof the JGR special issue on world stress map project[J].Progress in Geophysics,1994,9(1):75-83)
3黄忠贤,等.中国东部海域岩石圈结构面波层析成像[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(3):653-662.(Huang Zhongx-ian,et al.Surface wave tomography of lithospheric structurein the seas of east China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophys-ics,2009,52(3):653-662)
4 Zhongxian Huang,et al.The lithosphere of North China Cra-ton from surface wave tomography[J].Earth and PlanetaryScience Letters,2009,288:164–173.
5臧绍先,李昶,魏荣强.岩石圈流变机制的确定及影响岩石圈流变强度的因素[J].地球物理学进展[J].2002,17(1):50-60.(Zhang Shaoxian,Li Chang and WeiRongqiang.The determination of rheological mechanics oflithosphere and the influencing factors on the rheologicalstrength of lithosphere[J].Progress in Geophysics,2002,17(1):50-60)
6魏荣强,臧绍先.大陆岩石圈流变结构研究进展及存在的问题[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):359-364.(WeiRongqiang and Zhang Shaoxian.Progresses and problems inthe study of the rheological structure of the continental litho-sphere[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(2):359-364)
7魏荣强,臧绍先.岩石圈流变结构的一种新的应变率约束[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):1 029-1 034.(WeiRongqiang and Zhang Shaoxian.A new constraint on strainrate of the rheological structure of the lithosphere[J].Chi-nese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(6):1 029-1 034)
8符养,等.利用中国地壳运动观测网络研究中国大陆对于ITRF97板块模型形变[J].地球物理学报,2001,45(3):330-337.(Fu Yang,et al.The investigations on crustal de-formation in China under ITRF97 plate model using data ofcrustal movement observation network in China[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,45(3):330-337)
9张静华,等.用GPS测量结果研究华北现今构造形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(3):40-46.(Zhang Jinghua,et al.Study on present-day deformation andstrain field in North China by use of GPS data[J].Journalof Geodesy and Geodynamics,2004,24(3):40-46)
10万天丰.郯庐断裂带的演化与古应力场[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1995,20(5):526-534.(WanTianfeng.Evolution of Tanchen-Lujiang fault zone and pal-eostress fields[J].Earth Science-Journal of China Univer-sity of Geosciences,1995,20(5):526-534)
11张鹏,等.郯庐断裂带的分段性研究[J].地质论评,2007,53(5):586-591.(Zhang Peng,et al.Research onthe segmentation of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone[J].Geo-logical Review,2007,53(5):586-591)
12朱红彬,等.华北构造区主要地震带分段与强震活动[J].地震学报,2010,32(6):705-717.(Zhu Hongbin,et al.Segmentation of main seismic belts and strong earth-quakes in North China tectonic region[J].Acta Seismolog-ica Sinica,2010,32(6):705-717)
13陈连旺,等.川滇地区强震序列库仑破裂应力加卸载效应的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(5):1 411-1 421.(Chen Lianwang,et al.Numerical simulation ofloading/unloading effect on Coulomb failure stress amongstrong earthquakes in Sichuan-Yunnan area[J].Chinese JGeophys.,2008,51(5):1 411-1 421)
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