地震视应力及其物理意义的探讨
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摘要
对NEIC宽频带地震辐射能量目录和哈佛CMT目录,给出全球震级大于5.5级的有能量记录的地震资料进行统计研究。首先,拟合得到全球浅源地震和不同类型地震平均视应力的大小和范围,验证了前人得到的"走滑型视应力大于倾滑型视应力"的结论;其次,对折合能量和地震矩关系分析得到:正断层型地震的折合能量随着地震矩增大而减小,而对于走滑型和逆冲型地震未得到前人给出的明确结论;对主震视应力和余震视应力的分析比较表明,它们在量值上没有规律性,必须要结合实际的地震事件,才能反映出它们之间大小关系的真正物理内涵,因为不同的主震可能对震源区的应力场有不同的影响——造成震源区应力场的应力集中(障碍体模式),大部分余震的视应力高于主震视应力;或使应力场更加均匀(凹凸体模式),大部分余震视应力低于主震视应力。这些结论对地震震源理论研究具有一定意义。
We get the earthquakes from NEIC broadband radiated energy catalogue and the Harvard CMT catalogue which have radiated energy and magnitude great than 5.5,and studied them statistically.Firstly,we get the average apparent stress and its range of global shallow events and the different types of earthquake by liner regression fitting,and validated the predecessors' conclusion that the apparent stress of strike-slip earthquake great than that of dip-slip earthquake.Secondly,comparison between the reduced energy and seismic moment,and derived that:for normal events,the apparent stress increases with the seismic moment,but didn't get the clear conclusion as predecessor for thrust and strike-slip events.Thirdly,there seems no regularity between the value of main shock apparent stress and that of their aftershocks,but their relationship can reflect some physical meaning by combine the exact event,different main shock may acted differently to the source region——leading the stress concentration of source region(barrier model),and most of the apparent stress of aftershocks is higher than that of main shock,or arousing the stress of source region to be more homogeneous(asperity model),and apparent stress of main shock higher than that of most aftershocks.These conclusions may have some significance to the study of source theory.
We get the earthquakes from NEIC broadband radiated energy catalogue and the Harvard CMT catalogue which have radiated energy and magnitude great than 5.5,and studied them statistically.Firstly,we get the average apparent stress and its range of global shallow events and the different types of earthquake by liner regression fitting,and validated the predecessors' conclusion that the apparent stress of strike-slip earthquake great than that of dip-slip earthquake.Secondly,comparison between the reduced energy and seismic moment,and derived that:for normal events,the apparent stress increases with the seismic moment,but didn't get the clear conclusion as predecessor for thrust and strike-slip events.Thirdly,there seems no regularity between the value of main shock apparent stress and that of their aftershocks,but their relationship can reflect some physical meaning by combine the exact event,different main shock may acted differently to the source region——leading the stress concentration of source region(barrier model),and most of the apparent stress of aftershocks is higher than that of main shock,or arousing the stress of source region to be more homogeneous(asperity model),and apparent stress of main shock higher than that of most aftershocks.These conclusions may have some significance to the study of source theory.
引文
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王琼,陈学忠,王琳瑛.2005.岫岩地震序列视应力变化及其预测意义[J].地震,25,91～97
万永革,沈正康,兰从欣.2006.根据走滑大地震前后应力轴偏转和应力降求取偏应力量值的研究[J].地球物理学报,49,838～844
吴忠良.2001.由宽频带辐射能量目录和地震矩目录给出的视应力及其地震学意义[J].中国地震,17,8～15
谢富仁,崔效锋,张景发等.2003.中国现代构造应力场基本特征与分区,见:中国大陆地壳应力环境研究[M].北京:地质出版社,39～48
许忠淮.2001.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制[J].地震学报,23,492～501
赵建涛,崔效锋,谢富仁.2002.唐山地震震源区构造应力场强度的初步分析[J].地震学报,24,268～276
中国科学院数学研究所数理统计组.1975.回归分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,147
Choy G L,Boatwright J L.1995.Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress[J].J Geophy Res,100,18205～18288
Das S,Aki K.1977.Fault plane with barriers:Aversatile earthquake model[J].J Geophy Res,82,5658～5670
Forlich C.1992.Triangle diagrams:ternary graphs to display si milarity and diversity of earthquake focal mechanisms[J].Phys Earth Planet Inter,75,193～198
Lay T,Kanamori H.1981.An asperity model of great earthquake sequences,Earthquake Prediction-An International Re-view[C].AGU Geophys Mono Washington D C,14
McGarr A.1999.On relating apparent stress tothe stress causing earthquake fault slip[J].J Geophy Res,104,3003～3011
Molchan G M,Dmitrieva O E.1992.Aftershock identification:methods and new approaches[J].Geophys J Int,109,501～516
Wu Z L.2001.Scaling of apparent stress frombroadband radiated energy catalogue and seismic moment catalogue andits fo-cal mechanismdependence[J].Earth Planets Space,53,943～948
Wyss M,Brune J N.1968.Seismic moment,stress and source di mensions for earthquakes in the California-Nevada region[J].J Geophy Res,73,4681～4694
Xu Z H,Wang S Y,Huang Y Ret al.1992.Tectonic stress of China inferred froma large number of small earthquake[J].J Geophy Res,97,11867～11877
Zoback ML.1992.First-and second-order patterns of stress in the lithosphere:the World Stress Map Project[J].J GeophyRes,97,11703～11728
陈学忠,许向彤,翟文杰.2005.1995年7月20日河北沙城ML4.1地震序列破裂过程中应力变化的研究[J].地震学报,27,276～281
王琼,陈学忠,王琳瑛.2005.岫岩地震序列视应力变化及其预测意义[J].地震,25,91～97
万永革,沈正康,兰从欣.2006.根据走滑大地震前后应力轴偏转和应力降求取偏应力量值的研究[J].地球物理学报,49,838～844
吴忠良.2001.由宽频带辐射能量目录和地震矩目录给出的视应力及其地震学意义[J].中国地震,17,8～15
谢富仁,崔效锋,张景发等.2003.中国现代构造应力场基本特征与分区,见:中国大陆地壳应力环境研究[M].北京:地质出版社,39～48
许忠淮.2001.东亚地区现今构造应力图的编制[J].地震学报,23,492～501
赵建涛,崔效锋,谢富仁.2002.唐山地震震源区构造应力场强度的初步分析[J].地震学报,24,268～276
中国科学院数学研究所数理统计组.1975.回归分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,147
Choy G L,Boatwright J L.1995.Global patterns of radiated seismic energy and apparent stress[J].J Geophy Res,100,18205～18288
Das S,Aki K.1977.Fault plane with barriers:Aversatile earthquake model[J].J Geophy Res,82,5658～5670
Forlich C.1992.Triangle diagrams:ternary graphs to display si milarity and diversity of earthquake focal mechanisms[J].Phys Earth Planet Inter,75,193～198
Lay T,Kanamori H.1981.An asperity model of great earthquake sequences,Earthquake Prediction-An International Re-view[C].AGU Geophys Mono Washington D C,14
McGarr A.1999.On relating apparent stress tothe stress causing earthquake fault slip[J].J Geophy Res,104,3003～3011
Molchan G M,Dmitrieva O E.1992.Aftershock identification:methods and new approaches[J].Geophys J Int,109,501～516
Wu Z L.2001.Scaling of apparent stress frombroadband radiated energy catalogue and seismic moment catalogue andits fo-cal mechanismdependence[J].Earth Planets Space,53,943～948
Wyss M,Brune J N.1968.Seismic moment,stress and source di mensions for earthquakes in the California-Nevada region[J].J Geophy Res,73,4681～4694
Xu Z H,Wang S Y,Huang Y Ret al.1992.Tectonic stress of China inferred froma large number of small earthquake[J].J Geophy Res,97,11867～11877
Zoback ML.1992.First-and second-order patterns of stress in the lithosphere:the World Stress Map Project[J].J GeophyRes,97,11703～11728
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