基于Ricker子波匹配追踪算法在薄互层砂体储层预测中的应用
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摘要
我国东部大多数中、新生代陆相含油盆地大都以薄层砂、泥岩沉积为主,地层岩性和厚度横向变化均较大,而这些地层的厚度远低于常规地震勘探的垂向分辨率。为解决薄互层储层预测问题,笔者综合分析了短时傅里叶变换、连续小波变换和匹配追踪算法的优缺点,通过实验模型及实际资料分析,得到以下结论:与短时傅氏变换与连续小波变换相比,基于Ricker子波匹配追踪算法的频谱分解技术在分析薄互层储层时具有更高的时频分辨率,能够更客观地刻画地质体;从平湖油气田地震、测井数据分析,基于Ric-ker子波匹配追踪算法更有效地刻画出储层的空间形态,并且与实钻数据储层的分布吻合效果好。
In Eastern China,the vast majority of Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental oil basins are dominated by thin-layer sand and shale depositing,the lithology and thickness of the stratums varies largely in the transverse direction,and the thicknesses of these stratums are far less than the vertical resolution of conventional seismic exploration.In order to predict thin inter-bedded reservoir effectively,this paper analyzed both the advantage and disadvantage of common time-frequency methods such as STFT,CWT,MPD,and analyzed experimental model and oilfield material,and the conclusions can be obtained: Compared with STFT and CWT,the MPD based on Ricker wavelet has a better resolution in analyzing thin interbeded reservoirs,and it can describe geology cube more objectively.According to seismic data and well log data from Pinghu oilfield,the MPD based on Ricker wavelet can describe the reservoir space more effectively,and it fits the distribution of reservoir with the actual well log data.
In Eastern China,the vast majority of Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental oil basins are dominated by thin-layer sand and shale depositing,the lithology and thickness of the stratums varies largely in the transverse direction,and the thicknesses of these stratums are far less than the vertical resolution of conventional seismic exploration.In order to predict thin inter-bedded reservoir effectively,this paper analyzed both the advantage and disadvantage of common time-frequency methods such as STFT,CWT,MPD,and analyzed experimental model and oilfield material,and the conclusions can be obtained: Compared with STFT and CWT,the MPD based on Ricker wavelet has a better resolution in analyzing thin interbeded reservoirs,and it can describe geology cube more objectively.According to seismic data and well log data from Pinghu oilfield,the MPD based on Ricker wavelet can describe the reservoir space more effectively,and it fits the distribution of reservoir with the actual well log data.
引文
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[17]陈琳琳.东海西湖凹陷平湖组沉积环境演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18(4):69-78.CHEN Lin-lin,Depositional environment evolution ofPinghu Formation in Xihu depression,East China Sea[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1998,18(4):69-78.
[18]屈念念,刘江平,李家斌.Ricker子波匹配追踪算法及其改进[J].工程地球物理学报,2009,6(6):740-745.QU Nian-nian,LIU Jiang-ping,LI Jia-bin.Revisedmatching pursuit algorithm using Ricker wavelets[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2009,6(6):740-745.
[19]张旻,程家兴,樊甫华,等.利用Hilbert变换提取信号瞬时特征参数的问题研究[J].研究与开发,2003,43(4):44-48.ZHANG Min,CHENG Jia-xing,FAN Fu-hua,et al.Study on the problems in extracting instantaneous char-acters of signals based on Hilbert transform[J].Re-search&Development,2003,43(4):44-48.
[20]蔡刚,吕锡敏,苏明军,等.频谱分解技术在准噶尔盆地油气勘探中的应用[J].天然气工业,2006,26(4):35-37.CAI Gang,LXi-min,SU Ming-jun,et al.Applicationof frequency spectrum decomposition technique in explo-ration in the Junggar basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(4):35-37.
[2]Mallat S,Zhang Z.Matching pursuit with time-frequencydictionaries[J].IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1993,41(12):3397-3415.
[3]周颖,王涛,冯焕清.匹配追踪算法及其在MI-EEG的应用[J].电路与系统学报,2005,10(4):37-41.ZHOU Ying,WANG Tao,FENG Huan-qing.Matchingpursuit algorithm and application in MI-EEG[J].Jour-nal of Crcuits Systems,2005,10(4):37-41.
[4]姜敏.小波变换分析信号的瞬时频率分析[J].电子科学,2009,23(1):38.JIANG Min.Instantaneous frequency analysis of wavelettransform analysis signal[J].Valley Silicon,2009,23(1):38.
[5]张祖兴,刘军,汤谊兵,等.连续小波变换和匹配追踪算法在心音信号分析上的应用和对比[J].生物医学工程学杂志,2008,25(4):756-761.ZHANG Zu-xing,LIU Jun,TANG Yi-bing,et al.Appli-cation and comparison of continuous wavelet transform andmatching pursuit method in analyzing phonocardiographicsignals[J].Journal of Biomedical Engineering,2008,25(4):756-761.
[6]Chakraborty A,Okaya D.Frequency-time decompositionof seismic data using wavelet-based methods[J].Geo-physics,1995,60(6):1906-1916.
[7]Castagna J P,Sun Shengjie,Siegfried R,et al.Instanta-neous spectral analysis:detection of low-frequency shad-ows associated with hydrocarbons[J].The LeadingEdge,2003,22(2):120-127.
[8]陈林,宋海斌.基于Morlet小波匹配追踪算法的地震时频属性提取[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):673-679.CHEN Lin,SONG Hai-bin.Extraction of seismic time-frequency attribute based on Morlet wavelet match tracingalgorithm[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(6):673-679.
[9]周延平,杨靖,蒲仁海.利用分频技术预测薄层[J].海洋地质动态,2007,23(9):30-34.ZHOU Yan-ping,YANG Jing,PU Ren-hai.Predictingthin layer using time-frequency technology[J].MarineGeology Letters,2007,23(9):30-34.
[10]Liu J,Wu Y,Han D,et al.Time-frequency decompo-sition based on Ricker wavelet[C]//74th SEG AnnualInternational Meeting.Colorado,:Society of ExplorationGeophysicists,2004:1937-1940.
[11]Liu J,Marfurt K.Matching pursuit decomposition usingMorlet wavelets[C]//75th SEG Annual InternationalMeeting.Houston:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2005:786-789.
[12]高伟义.平湖油气田储层及含油气预测[J].海洋石油,2003,23(增刊):7-12.GAO Wei-yi.Prediction of oil and gas reservoir in Ping-hu oil&gas field[J].Offshore Oil,2003,23(Sup.):7-12.
[13]孙喜新.泊松阻抗及其在平湖砂岩气藏检测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):699-703.SUN Xi-xin.Poisson impedance and application to de-tect Pinghu sandstone gas reservoir[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2008,43(6):699-703.
[14]谢月芳.平湖油气田放鹤亭构造平湖组储层精细反演[J].石油物探,2008,47(6):588-592.XIE Yue-fang.Detailed inversion of reservoir in PinghuFormation of Fangheting structure in Pinghu field[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(6):588-592.
[15]刘志斌,梁惠玉,苌亮,等.东海平湖油气田八角亭构造储层反演研究[J].中国海上油气:地质,2002,16(4):279-285.LIU Zhi-bin,LIANG Hui-yu,CHANG Liang,et al.Areservoir inversion study for Bajiaoting structure in Ping-hu oil and gas field,East China Sea[J].China Offshoreand Gas:Geology,2002,16(4):279-285.
[16]孙思敏,彭仕宓.东海西湖凹陷平湖油气田花港组高分辨率层序地层特征[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(4):184-187.SUN Si-min,PENG Shi-mi.High resolution sequencestratigraphic characters in Huagang Formation of Pinghuoil and gas tield in Xihu depression[J].Journal of Oiland Gas Technology,2006,28(4):184-187.
[17]陈琳琳.东海西湖凹陷平湖组沉积环境演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18(4):69-78.CHEN Lin-lin,Depositional environment evolution ofPinghu Formation in Xihu depression,East China Sea[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,1998,18(4):69-78.
[18]屈念念,刘江平,李家斌.Ricker子波匹配追踪算法及其改进[J].工程地球物理学报,2009,6(6):740-745.QU Nian-nian,LIU Jiang-ping,LI Jia-bin.Revisedmatching pursuit algorithm using Ricker wavelets[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2009,6(6):740-745.
[19]张旻,程家兴,樊甫华,等.利用Hilbert变换提取信号瞬时特征参数的问题研究[J].研究与开发,2003,43(4):44-48.ZHANG Min,CHENG Jia-xing,FAN Fu-hua,et al.Study on the problems in extracting instantaneous char-acters of signals based on Hilbert transform[J].Re-search&Development,2003,43(4):44-48.
[20]蔡刚,吕锡敏,苏明军,等.频谱分解技术在准噶尔盆地油气勘探中的应用[J].天然气工业,2006,26(4):35-37.CAI Gang,LXi-min,SU Ming-jun,et al.Applicationof frequency spectrum decomposition technique in explo-ration in the Junggar basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(4):35-37.
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