共反射面元叠加方法综述
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摘要
在地下介质复杂的情况下,由于常规叠加方法的假设条件不满足,导致叠加效果不甚理想.共反射面元(CRS)叠加是一种完全由数据驱动、不依赖于宏观速度模型的地震成像技术,不仅可以得到高质量的零偏移距剖面,而且可以得到多个有用的波场属性参数剖面,被视为深层和复杂地区地震数据处理的重要发展方向.本文对共反射面元叠加技术的基本原理、发展历程、主要类型及应用进行了总结,并对今后的发展趋势进行了预测.
The conventional stacking methods are not suit to the complex medium because the subsurface condition are not fit for conventional stacking assumptions.Common Reflection Surface stacking method is a data-driven macro-velocity independent stacking technique with which not only the seismic profile can be obtained,but also several useful parameter profiles of wave field can be obtained.This method is thought as a very important research subject used to solve the imaging problem of deep underground and complex structures.In this paper,we give an overview on basic theory,development history,main types and applications of common reflection surface stacking method.At last,we predicte its future development trends.
The conventional stacking methods are not suit to the complex medium because the subsurface condition are not fit for conventional stacking assumptions.Common Reflection Surface stacking method is a data-driven macro-velocity independent stacking technique with which not only the seismic profile can be obtained,but also several useful parameter profiles of wave field can be obtained.This method is thought as a very important research subject used to solve the imaging problem of deep underground and complex structures.In this paper,we give an overview on basic theory,development history,main types and applications of common reflection surface stacking method.At last,we predicte its future development trends.
引文
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[3]de Bazelaire E,Viallix J R.Normal moveout in focus[C]. 54th Meeting,European.Association Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts,1992,174-175.
[4]Thore P D,de Bazelaire E,Ray M P.Three-parameter equation:An efficient tool to enhance the stack[J].Geophysics, 1994,59(2):297-308.
[5]Berkhout A J.Areal shot record technology[J].Journal of Seismic Exploration,1992,1(3):251-264.
[6]Gelchinsky B.Homeomorphic imaging in processing and interpretation of seismic data-fundamentals and schemes[C]. 59~(th) Annual International Meeting,SEG.Expanded Abstracts, 1989,983.
[7]Berkovitch A,Gelchinsky B,Keydar S.Basic formulae for multifocusing stack[C].56~(th) Meeting,European.Association Exploration Geophysicists,Extended Abstracts,1994,Session: PRO.
[8]Gelchinsky B,Keydar S.Homeomorphic imaging approach- theory and practice[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999, 42(3-4):169-228.
[9]Schleicher J,Tygel M,Hubral P.Parabolic and hyperbolic paraxial two-point traveltimes in 3D media[J].Geophysics Prospecting,1993,41(4):495-514.
[10]Taner M T,Koehler F.Velocity spectra-digital computer derivation applications of velocity functions[J].Geophysics, 1969,34(6):859-881.
[11]Neldell N S,Taner M T.Semblance and other coherency measures for multichannel data[J].Geophysics,1971,36 (3):482-497.
[12]Hubral P.Macro model independent seismic reflection imaging[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999.42(3-4).
[13]Muller T,Jaeger R,Hocht G.Common Reflection Surface stacking method—imaging with an unknown velocity model [C].68~(th) Annual Meeting.Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1998,Expanded Abstracts,1764-1767.
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[15]Jager R.The Common Reflection Surface Stack-Introduction and Application[D].Germany:University of Karlsruhe, 1999.
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[2]de Bazelaire E.Normal moveout revisited:Inhomogeneous media and curved interfaces[J].Geophysics,1988,53(2): 143-157.
[3]de Bazelaire E,Viallix J R.Normal moveout in focus[C]. 54th Meeting,European.Association Exploration Geophysicists, Extended Abstracts,1992,174-175.
[4]Thore P D,de Bazelaire E,Ray M P.Three-parameter equation:An efficient tool to enhance the stack[J].Geophysics, 1994,59(2):297-308.
[5]Berkhout A J.Areal shot record technology[J].Journal of Seismic Exploration,1992,1(3):251-264.
[6]Gelchinsky B.Homeomorphic imaging in processing and interpretation of seismic data-fundamentals and schemes[C]. 59~(th) Annual International Meeting,SEG.Expanded Abstracts, 1989,983.
[7]Berkovitch A,Gelchinsky B,Keydar S.Basic formulae for multifocusing stack[C].56~(th) Meeting,European.Association Exploration Geophysicists,Extended Abstracts,1994,Session: PRO.
[8]Gelchinsky B,Keydar S.Homeomorphic imaging approach- theory and practice[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999, 42(3-4):169-228.
[9]Schleicher J,Tygel M,Hubral P.Parabolic and hyperbolic paraxial two-point traveltimes in 3D media[J].Geophysics Prospecting,1993,41(4):495-514.
[10]Taner M T,Koehler F.Velocity spectra-digital computer derivation applications of velocity functions[J].Geophysics, 1969,34(6):859-881.
[11]Neldell N S,Taner M T.Semblance and other coherency measures for multichannel data[J].Geophysics,1971,36 (3):482-497.
[12]Hubral P.Macro model independent seismic reflection imaging[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999.42(3-4).
[13]Muller T,Jaeger R,Hocht G.Common Reflection Surface stacking method—imaging with an unknown velocity model [C].68~(th) Annual Meeting.Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1998,Expanded Abstracts,1764-1767.
[14]Mann J,Jager R,Muller T,et al.Common-reflection- surface stack—a real data example[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3-4):301-318.
[15]Jager R.The Common Reflection Surface Stack-Introduction and Application[D].Germany:University of Karlsruhe, 1999.
[16]Birgin E G,Biloti R,Tygel M,et al.Restricted optimization;a clue to a fast and accurate implementation of the Common Reflection Surface Stack method[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3-4):143-155.
[17]Garabito G,Cruz J C,Hubral P,et al.Common Reflection Surface Stack:A new parameter search strategy by global optimization[C].59~(th) Annual International Meeting,SEG, Expanded Abstracts,1989,983.
[18]Zhang YH,BerglerS,Hubral P.Common-reflection-surface (CRS) stack for common offset[J].Geophysical Prospecting, 2001,49(6):709-718.
[19]Chira-Oliva P,Tygel M,Zhang Y,et al.Analytic CRS stack formula for a 2D curved measurement surface and finite-offset reflections[J].Journal of Seismic Exploration,2001,10(1- 3):245-262.
[20]Boelsen T.2D CO CRS stack for OBS and VSP data and arbitrary top-surface topography[C].67~(th) Conference and Technical Exhibition,European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers,Extended Abstracts,2005,Session:P181.
[21]Boelsen T.The Common-Reflection-Surface Stack for arbitrary acquisition geometries and multi-component data-Theory and Application[D].Germany:Karlsruhe University,2005.
[22]Von Steht M.2D CO CRS imaging for multicomponent data recorded by the VSP geometry[C].76~(th) Annual Meeting, Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2006,Expanded Abstracts, 3482-3486.
[23]Von Steht M.Imaging walkaway VSP data using the common-reflection-surface stack[J],The Leading Edge, 2007,26(6):764-768.
[24]Von Steht M.2D CO CRS Poststack Imaging for Walkaway VSP data[C].Extended Abstracts,69~(th) Conference and Technical Exhibition,European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers,Extended Abstracts,2007,Session:H015.
[25]Bergler S,Duveneck E,Hocht G,et al.Common-reflectionsurface stack for converted waves[J].Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica,2002,46(2):165-175.
[26]Boelsen T.2D CO CRS stack for multi-component seismic reflection data[C].67~(th) Conference and Technical Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers,Extended Abstracts,2005,Session-.P063.
[27]Zhang Y,Hocht G,Hubral P.2D and 3D ZO CRS stack for a complex top-surface topography[C].64~(th) Meeting, European.Association Exploration Geophysicists,Extended Abstracts,2002,Session:P166.
[28]Bergler S,Hubral P,Marchetti P,et al.3D commonreflection -surface stack and kinematic wavefield attributes [J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(10):1010-1015.
[29]Cardone G,Cristini A,Bonomi E,et al.3D zero-offset CRS stack for narrow-azimuth data-formulation and examples[C]. EAGE/SEG Research Workshop,Extended Abstracts, 2003,Session:T06.
[30]Gunther R H.Practical Approaches to Common-Reflection Surface(CRS) Stack[C].68~(th) Conference and Technical Exhibition,European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, Extended Abstracts,2006,Session:G030.
[31]M(u|¨)ller N A.Treatment of conflicting dips in the 3D commonreflection -surface stack[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2009, 57(6),981-995.
[32]Bonomi E,Cristini A,Theis D,et al.2D CRS analysis:a data-driven optimization for the simultaneous estimate of the eight parameters[C].79th Annual International Meeting, SEG,Expanded Abstracts,2009,3284-3291.
[33]杨锴,王华忠,马在田.实现最佳零炮检距地震照明成像—CRS叠加之几何阐述[J].勘探地球物理进展.2002,25(3): 27-31. Yang K,Wang H Z,Ma Z T.To attain zero-offset imaging by the best seismic illumination:A geometrical view of CRS stacking[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese), 2002,25(3):27-31.
[34]王华忠,杨锴,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用理论—从共反射点到共反射面元[J].地球物理学报.2004,47(1):137- 142. Wang H Z,Yang K,Ma Z T.An applied theory on common reflection surface stack—from common reflection point to common reflection surface[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(1):137-142.
[35]杨锴,王华忠,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用实践[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):327-331. Yang K,Wang H Z,Ma Z T.The practice on common reflection surface stack[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2):327-331.
[36]杨锴,许士勇,王华忠,等.倾角分解共反射面元叠加方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1148-1155. Yang K,Xu S Y,Wang H Z,et al.A method of dip decomposition common reflection surface stack[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1148-1155.
[37]杨锴,马在田.关于共反射面元叠加方法在实际应用中的一些思考[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1):12-16. Yang K,Ma Z T.Some thoughts on common reflection surface stack in practice[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(1):12-16.
[38]杨锴,马在田.输出道成像方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅰ—理论[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(2):546-553. Yang K,Ma Z T.Common reflection surface stack by an output imaging schme[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese), 2006,49(2):546-553.
[39]杨锴,马在田,罗卫东.输出道方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅱ—实践[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(3):895-902. Yang K,Ma Z T.Common reflection surface stack by the outplanatⅡ:Practice[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese), 2006,49(3):895-902.
[40]韩立国,孙建国,何樵登,等.共反射面与共中心点联合叠加成像[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):25-28. Han L G,Sun J G,He Q D,et al.Imaging by joint CRS and CMP stacking[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),2003,42(1):25-28.
[41]李振春,姚云霞,马在田,等.基于参数多级优化的共反射面叠加方法及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2): 156-161. Li Z C,Yao Y X,Ma Z T,et al.Common reflection surface stack method based on multi-level optimization of parameters and its application[J].OGP(in Chinese),2003,38(2):156- 161.
[42]李振春,孙小东,刘洪.复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1794- 1801. Li Z C,Sun X D,Liu H.Common reflection surface stack for rugged surface topography[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(6):1794-1801.
[43]李振春,滕厚华,孙小东.复杂地表共反射面元叠加技术应用与发展前景[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(5):330- 333. Li Z C,Teng H H,Sun X D.Common reflection surface stack for rugged topography[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2007,30(5):330-333.
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