连续小波变换在面波压制中的应用
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摘要
由于原始地震反射数据含有大量噪声,因此地震数据的降噪处理是十分重要的,而面波的压制是陆上地震资料降噪处理的主要问题之一。这里根据共炮点记录中面波与反射波主要能量在时间～尺度域的分布不同,以及面波的频率特性等特点,提出了一种基于时间～尺度域的面波衰减方法。将该方法用于实际炮集资料的处理,并与常用的F-K滤波方法进行对比,结果表明,该方法在衰减面波干扰的同时,能更好地保护反射波,并且对于信噪比较低的浅层反射信号能够取得较好的效果。
The original seismic signal contains a lot of noise,so surface wave attenuation is one of the im-portant problems in land seismic data processing.According to the distribution characteristics of surface wave and reflection signal in time-scale domain and the frequency characteristics of surface wave,attenuation of surface wave via continuous wavelet transform is presented.The method has been applied to the real data,and compared with F-K filtering method.The result shows that the proposed method is effective which can well preserve reflection wave and get better result for low SNR of shallow seismic reflection signals.
The original seismic signal contains a lot of noise,so surface wave attenuation is one of the im-portant problems in land seismic data processing.According to the distribution characteristics of surface wave and reflection signal in time-scale domain and the frequency characteristics of surface wave,attenuation of surface wave via continuous wavelet transform is presented.The method has been applied to the real data,and compared with F-K filtering method.The result shows that the proposed method is effective which can well preserve reflection wave and get better result for low SNR of shallow seismic reflection signals.
引文
[1]熊章强,周竹生,张大洲,等.地震勘探[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2010.
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[2]GALBRAITH J N,WIGGINS R A.Characteristics ofoptimum multi-channel stacking filters[J].Geophys-ics,1968,33(1):36.
[3]张雅纯,唐文榜.τ-p变换压制线性干扰的应用[J].石油物探,1994,33(2):102.
[4]闫立志,景新义,李刚.F-K滤波在噪音减去法中的作用[J].海洋地质动态,2006,22(10):28.
[5]刘洪林,张春堂,朱秋影,等.K-L变换在地震资料去噪声的应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2007,31(4):19.
[6]钟凌云.小波变换方法在地震资料噪声消除中的应用[J].物探与化探,2001,31(3):245.
[7]刘财,王典,杨宝俊,等.二维小波变换在地震勘探面波消除中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(4):711.
[8]陈玉东.地球物理信息处理基础[M].北京:地质出版社,2006
[9]CHRISTOPHER TORRENCE,GILBERT P.Compo.APractical Guide to Wavelet Analysis[J].Bulletin of theAmerican Meteorological Society,1998,79(1):61.
[10]CORSO G,KUHN P S,LUCENA L S.Seismic groundroll time-frequency filtering using the gaussian wavelettransform[J].Physica A,2001,318(2003):551.
[11]F.E.A.LEITE.Optimal wavelet filter for suppressionof coherent noise with an application to seismic data[J].Physica A 2007,387(2008):1439.
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