低频信号接收技术现状认识
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摘要
低频信号由于其特有的穿透能力和稳定性在复杂构造成像和地震反演方面起着非常重要的作用。随着地震工业对低频的兴趣(低至1Hz或2Hz),人们对于发展低频激发技术做了很多努力。许多公司开发了低驻留、非线性和伪随机扫描来增加震源在低频的输出。但是采集系统中的采集站和检波器对低频信号的接收有哪些限制呢?对于常规地震勘探,应用的模拟检波器的自然频率一般为10Hz,10Hz以下的低频地震信号严重衰减,如何确定普通模拟检波器接收的地震数据中可恢复信号的最低频率并实现低频信号的恢复是应用普通模拟检波器实现低频地震勘探的关键。
Low frequency signal plays a very important role in the complex structure imaging and seismic inversion because of its unique penetrability and stability.With the increased industry interest in low frequency(down to less than 1 or 2 Hertz),an effort has been made in developing techniques that can source these low frequencies.Low-dwell,non-linear sweeps and pseudorandom sweeps have been developed by a number of companies to increase vibrator output at low frequencies.But what kind of specific limitations in the recording units and the geophones from the acquisition system signal?In general seismic exploration, the low frequency seismic signals that less than 10Hz are extremely attenuated for the application of the 10Hz natural frequency of the analog geophones.How to determine the lowest frequency of recoverable seismic signals received by ordinary analog geophones and carrying out the recovery of low frequency signals are the key to low frequency exploration using ordinary analog geophones.
Low frequency signal plays a very important role in the complex structure imaging and seismic inversion because of its unique penetrability and stability.With the increased industry interest in low frequency(down to less than 1 or 2 Hertz),an effort has been made in developing techniques that can source these low frequencies.Low-dwell,non-linear sweeps and pseudorandom sweeps have been developed by a number of companies to increase vibrator output at low frequencies.But what kind of specific limitations in the recording units and the geophones from the acquisition system signal?In general seismic exploration, the low frequency seismic signals that less than 10Hz are extremely attenuated for the application of the 10Hz natural frequency of the analog geophones.How to determine the lowest frequency of recoverable seismic signals received by ordinary analog geophones and carrying out the recovery of low frequency signals are the key to low frequency exploration using ordinary analog geophones.
引文
[1]Baeten G.J.M.,A.Egreteau,J.B.Gibson,Z.Lin,et,al.Low-frequency generation using seismic vibrators[A].72nd Annual International Conference and Exhibition,EAGE,Ex-tended Abstracts,B014.2010
[2]Sallas,J.J..How do hydraulic vibrators work?A look inside the black box[J].Geophysical Prospecting,58,no.1,3-18,doi:10.1111/j.1365-2478.2009.00837.x.2010
[3]Baeten,G.J.M.,J.T.Fokkema,et,al.Seismic vibrator modeling[J].Geophysical Prospecting,36,no.1,22-65,doi:10.1111/j.1365-2478.1988.tb02149.x.1988
[4]Peterson,J..Observation and modeling of seismic background noise[J].U.S.Geological Survey,Open-File Report93-322.1993
[5]Peter Maxwell,and Malcolm Lansley.What receivers will we use for low frequencies?[A].SEG San Antonio2011Annual.2011
[2]Sallas,J.J..How do hydraulic vibrators work?A look inside the black box[J].Geophysical Prospecting,58,no.1,3-18,doi:10.1111/j.1365-2478.2009.00837.x.2010
[3]Baeten,G.J.M.,J.T.Fokkema,et,al.Seismic vibrator modeling[J].Geophysical Prospecting,36,no.1,22-65,doi:10.1111/j.1365-2478.1988.tb02149.x.1988
[4]Peterson,J..Observation and modeling of seismic background noise[J].U.S.Geological Survey,Open-File Report93-322.1993
[5]Peter Maxwell,and Malcolm Lansley.What receivers will we use for low frequencies?[A].SEG San Antonio2011Annual.2011
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