面向宽方位地震处理的炮检距向量片技术
|
摘要
哈7三维是塔里木油田采集的第一块全方位高密度三维地震资料,主要目的是进一步提高碳酸盐岩缝洞体成像和裂缝预测精度。然而,应用现行的窄方位处理技术对全方位地震资料的优势未能充分挖掘和利用。作为面向宽方位地震资料的处理方法,炮检距向量片(OVT)技术可提供一个现今最精确、最有效的数据域来做常规处理。本文分四个步骤阐述OVT技术的实施过程:数据准备、OVT域处理、OVT域叠前时间偏移、OVG(炮检距向量道集)处理。应用结果表明,OVT技术具有稀疏不连续性(减弱采集脚印)、全局去噪和分方位插值、保留方位角和裂缝检测、更适合宽方位处理等特点和优势,可望在复杂地震成像和储层描述中发挥更大作用。
The Ha7 3D is the first high-density full-azimuth 3D seismic survey in Tarim Oil Field.Its aim is to improve carbonate cave imaging and fracture prediction.However,conventional seismic processing techniques cannot fully adapt to the full-azimuth seismic data.As a wide-azimuth seismic processing method,the offset vector tile(OVT) technique provides the most effective and precise data domain in geophysics for the basic seismic processing.In this paper four steps of OVT are discussed: data preparation,processing in OVT domain,OVT prestack time migration,and OVG gather processing.OVT application results show that this approach has great advantage in many aspects,such as sparsing discontinuity,global noise attenuation,azimuthally-sectored interpolation,preserved azimuthal information and fracture detection,which will be very beneficial to complex seismic imaging and characterization.
The Ha7 3D is the first high-density full-azimuth 3D seismic survey in Tarim Oil Field.Its aim is to improve carbonate cave imaging and fracture prediction.However,conventional seismic processing techniques cannot fully adapt to the full-azimuth seismic data.As a wide-azimuth seismic processing method,the offset vector tile(OVT) technique provides the most effective and precise data domain in geophysics for the basic seismic processing.In this paper four steps of OVT are discussed: data preparation,processing in OVT domain,OVT prestack time migration,and OVG gather processing.OVT application results show that this approach has great advantage in many aspects,such as sparsing discontinuity,global noise attenuation,azimuthally-sectored interpolation,preserved azimuthal information and fracture detection,which will be very beneficial to complex seismic imaging and characterization.
引文
[1]张保庆,周辉,左黄金等.宽方位地震资料处理技术及应用效果.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):396～400Zhang Baoqing,Zhou Hui,Zuo Huangjin et al.Wideazimuth data processing techniques and their applica-tions.OGP,2011,46(3):396～400
[2]张军华,朱焕,郑旭刚等.宽方位角地震勘探技术评述.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(5):603～609Zhang Junhua,Zhu Huan,Zheng Xugang et al.Sum-mary of wide-azimuth seismic exploration technique.OGP,2007,42(5):603～609
[3]夏常亮,张红军,郝建波等.K区块宽方位角地震资料处理.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增刊1):74～79Xia Changliang,Zhang Hongjun,Hao Jianbo et al.Wide azimuth seismic data processing for K block.OGP,2010,45(Sup 1):74～79
[4]李全胜,张峰.吐哈胜北地区宽方位角地震资料应用.吐哈油气,2005,10(4):320～325Li Quansheng,Zhang Feng.Application of wide azi-muth seismic data in Shengbei of Tuha.Tuha Oil&Gas,2005,10(4):320～325
[5]田梦,张梅生,万传彪等.宽方位角地震勘探与常规地震勘探对比研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(6):138～142Tian Meng,Zhang Meisheng,Wan Chuanbiao et al.Contrast research between wide azimuth seismic ex-ploration and convention seismic exploration.Petro-leum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(6):138～142
[6]凌云研究小组.宽方位角地震勘探应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):350～357Ling Yun Study Group.Application and study onwide-azimuth seismic exploration.OGP,2003,38(4):350～357
[7]Vermeer G J O.Creating image gathers in the ab-sence of proper common-offset gather.ExplorationGeophysics,1998,29(4):636～642
[8]Cary P W.Common-offset-vector gather:an alterna-tive to cross-spreads for wide-azimuth 3-D surveys.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1999,18:1496～1499
[9]Li X.An introduction to common offset vector tracegathering.CSEG Recorder,2008,33(9):28～34
[10]Cary P W,Li X.A regularized approach to 3-D pre-stack time migration.CSEG National Convention,2005:141～144
[11]Schapper S,Jefferson R,Calvert A et al.Anisotropyvelocities and offset vector tile prestack-migrationprocessing of the Durham Ranch 3D,Northwest Colo-rado.The Leading Edge,2009,28(11):1352～1361
[12]Stein J A,Wojslaw R,Langston T et al.Wide-azi-muth land processing:Fracture detection using offsetvector tile technology.The Leading Edge,2010,29(11):1328～1337
[13]Vermeer G J O.3DSeismic Survey Design.NewYork,SEG,2002
[14]Boelle J L,Paternoster B,Lecerf D et al.Azimuthalamplitude analysis on data processed in common off-set vector domain.SEG Technical Program Ex-panded Abstracts,2009,28:1172～1176
[15]Boelle J L,Lecerf D,Lafram A et al.Ocean bottomnode processing in deep offshore environment for res-ervoir monitoring.SEG Technical Program Ex-panded Abstracts,2010,29:4190～4194
[16]Starr J.Method of creating common-offset/commonazimuth gathers in 3-D seismic survey and method ofconducting reflection attribute variation analysis.U SPatent:6026059,2000
[17]Vermeer G J O.Processing orthogonal geometry—what is missing?SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2005,24:2201～2205
[18]Calvert A,Jenner E,Jefferson R et al.Preserving azi-muthal velocity information:experiences with cross-spread noise attenuation and offset vector tile preS-TM.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,27:207～211
[19]Stein J A,Boyer S,Hellman K et al.Application of POCS interpolation to exploration.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:3565～3568
[20]Vermeer G J O.Reciprocal offset-vector tiles in vari-ous acquisition geometries.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:61～65
[21]Vermeer G J O.3Dsymmetric sampling of sparse ac-quisition geometries.Geophysics,2010,75(6):WB3～WB14
[22]Jenner E,Williams M,Davis T.A new method for az-imuthal velocity analysis and application to a3Dsur-vey,Weyburn field,Saskatchewan,Canada.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:102～105
[23]Williams M,Jenner E.How important is the effect of azimuthal anisotropy in3-D seismic data?Enhancing data quality and extending the potential of the3-D in-terpretation.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:126～128
[24]Lynn W.Uncertainty implication in azimuthal veloci-ty analysis.SEG Technical Program Expanded Ab-stracts,2007,26:84～88
[25]Jenner E.Azimuthal AVO:Methodology and data ex-amples.The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):782～786
[26]Williams M,Jenner E.Interpreting seismic data in the presence of azimuthal anisotropy;or azimuthal an-isotropy in the presence of the seismic interpretation.The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):771～774
[2]张军华,朱焕,郑旭刚等.宽方位角地震勘探技术评述.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(5):603～609Zhang Junhua,Zhu Huan,Zheng Xugang et al.Sum-mary of wide-azimuth seismic exploration technique.OGP,2007,42(5):603～609
[3]夏常亮,张红军,郝建波等.K区块宽方位角地震资料处理.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增刊1):74～79Xia Changliang,Zhang Hongjun,Hao Jianbo et al.Wide azimuth seismic data processing for K block.OGP,2010,45(Sup 1):74～79
[4]李全胜,张峰.吐哈胜北地区宽方位角地震资料应用.吐哈油气,2005,10(4):320～325Li Quansheng,Zhang Feng.Application of wide azi-muth seismic data in Shengbei of Tuha.Tuha Oil&Gas,2005,10(4):320～325
[5]田梦,张梅生,万传彪等.宽方位角地震勘探与常规地震勘探对比研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(6):138～142Tian Meng,Zhang Meisheng,Wan Chuanbiao et al.Contrast research between wide azimuth seismic ex-ploration and convention seismic exploration.Petro-leum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(6):138～142
[6]凌云研究小组.宽方位角地震勘探应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):350～357Ling Yun Study Group.Application and study onwide-azimuth seismic exploration.OGP,2003,38(4):350～357
[7]Vermeer G J O.Creating image gathers in the ab-sence of proper common-offset gather.ExplorationGeophysics,1998,29(4):636～642
[8]Cary P W.Common-offset-vector gather:an alterna-tive to cross-spreads for wide-azimuth 3-D surveys.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1999,18:1496～1499
[9]Li X.An introduction to common offset vector tracegathering.CSEG Recorder,2008,33(9):28～34
[10]Cary P W,Li X.A regularized approach to 3-D pre-stack time migration.CSEG National Convention,2005:141～144
[11]Schapper S,Jefferson R,Calvert A et al.Anisotropyvelocities and offset vector tile prestack-migrationprocessing of the Durham Ranch 3D,Northwest Colo-rado.The Leading Edge,2009,28(11):1352～1361
[12]Stein J A,Wojslaw R,Langston T et al.Wide-azi-muth land processing:Fracture detection using offsetvector tile technology.The Leading Edge,2010,29(11):1328～1337
[13]Vermeer G J O.3DSeismic Survey Design.NewYork,SEG,2002
[14]Boelle J L,Paternoster B,Lecerf D et al.Azimuthalamplitude analysis on data processed in common off-set vector domain.SEG Technical Program Ex-panded Abstracts,2009,28:1172～1176
[15]Boelle J L,Lecerf D,Lafram A et al.Ocean bottomnode processing in deep offshore environment for res-ervoir monitoring.SEG Technical Program Ex-panded Abstracts,2010,29:4190～4194
[16]Starr J.Method of creating common-offset/commonazimuth gathers in 3-D seismic survey and method ofconducting reflection attribute variation analysis.U SPatent:6026059,2000
[17]Vermeer G J O.Processing orthogonal geometry—what is missing?SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2005,24:2201～2205
[18]Calvert A,Jenner E,Jefferson R et al.Preserving azi-muthal velocity information:experiences with cross-spread noise attenuation and offset vector tile preS-TM.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,27:207～211
[19]Stein J A,Boyer S,Hellman K et al.Application of POCS interpolation to exploration.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:3565～3568
[20]Vermeer G J O.Reciprocal offset-vector tiles in vari-ous acquisition geometries.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:61～65
[21]Vermeer G J O.3Dsymmetric sampling of sparse ac-quisition geometries.Geophysics,2010,75(6):WB3～WB14
[22]Jenner E,Williams M,Davis T.A new method for az-imuthal velocity analysis and application to a3Dsur-vey,Weyburn field,Saskatchewan,Canada.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:102～105
[23]Williams M,Jenner E.How important is the effect of azimuthal anisotropy in3-D seismic data?Enhancing data quality and extending the potential of the3-D in-terpretation.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:126～128
[24]Lynn W.Uncertainty implication in azimuthal veloci-ty analysis.SEG Technical Program Expanded Ab-stracts,2007,26:84～88
[25]Jenner E.Azimuthal AVO:Methodology and data ex-amples.The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):782～786
[26]Williams M,Jenner E.Interpreting seismic data in the presence of azimuthal anisotropy;or azimuthal an-isotropy in the presence of the seismic interpretation.The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):771～774
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心