海原—六盘山地区活动构造的活动时间厘定:来自光释光测年的限定
摘要
海原-六盘山地区位于现今青藏高原东北部,该地区活动构造的研究不仅可以为地震安全评价提供依据,也可以为第四纪青藏高原的扩展提供限定.在野外地质调查的基础上,运用光释光定年技术,限定研究区活动构造的活动时间.研究显示,海原-六盘山断裂和香山-天景山断裂在晚第四纪存在剧烈活动,产生了如角度不整合(夷平面)、褶皱和断层构造.这些结果表明,研究区应该作为地震安全评价的重点关注区域,同时也显示青藏高原东北部在晚第四纪存在持续的扩展.
Haiyuan-Liupan Shan area is located in the northeastern margin of present Tibetan plateau.The study of the active structures in this area will provide constraints not only for the seismic evaluation but also for the northeastward growth of the plateau.Based on the geological survey and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating,the timing of the active structures has been determined.The results indicate that active structures occurred in Late Quaternary along the Haiyuan-Liupan Shan and Xiangshan-Tianjing Shan faults,forming the structures such as angular unconformity(planation surface),fold and fault.This suggests that Haiyuan-Liupan Shan area should be considered as a focus of seismic evaluation,and also that the Tibetan plateau grew in its northeast margin in Late Quaternary.
Haiyuan-Liupan Shan area is located in the northeastern margin of present Tibetan plateau.The study of the active structures in this area will provide constraints not only for the seismic evaluation but also for the northeastward growth of the plateau.Based on the geological survey and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating,the timing of the active structures has been determined.The results indicate that active structures occurred in Late Quaternary along the Haiyuan-Liupan Shan and Xiangshan-Tianjing Shan faults,forming the structures such as angular unconformity(planation surface),fold and fault.This suggests that Haiyuan-Liupan Shan area should be considered as a focus of seismic evaluation,and also that the Tibetan plateau grew in its northeast margin in Late Quaternary.
引文
Burchfiel,B.C.,Zhang,P.Z.,Wang,Y.P.,et al.,1991.Geology of the Haiyuan fault zone,Ningxia-Hui autonomous region,China,and its relation to the evolution of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau.Tectonics,10(6):1091-1110.doi:10.1029/90TC02685
Cui,D.X.,Hu,Y.X.,Wang,W.P.,et al.,2009.Coulomb stress accumulation along Haiyuan fault zone.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,34(4):641-650(in Chinese with English abstract).
Deng,Q.D.,Chen,L.C.,Ran,Y.K.,2004.Quantitative studies and applications of active tectonics.EarthScienceFrontiers,11(4):383-392(in Chinese with English abstract).
Deng,Q.D.,Zhang,P.Z.,Ran,Y.K.,et al.,2003.Active tectonics and earthquake activities in China.Earth Science Frontiers,10(Suppl.):66-73(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ding,G.Y.,Chen,J.,Tian,Q.J.,et al.,2004.Active faults and magnitudes of left-lateral displacement along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Tectonophys-ics,380(3-4):243-260.doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2003.09.022
Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau and Seismological Bureau of Ningxia Autonomous Region,1990.Haiyuan active fault belt.Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
Lei,X.Y.,2006.Models of loess stratigraphical structure on the terraces in the Loess plateau of China.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,26(2):113-122(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
Lin,X.B.,Chen,H.L.,Karl-Heinz,W.,et al.,2010.Com-mencing uplift of the Liupan Shan since 9.5 Ma:evidences from the Sikouzi section at its east side.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,37(4):350-360.doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2009.09.005
Lin,X.B.,Chen,H.L.,Karl-Heinz,W.,et al.,2009.Uplift of the northeastern Tibetan plateau:evidences from the Xiaohonggou Section in Tongxin,Ningxia.Acta Geologica Sinica,83(4):455-467(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu,Y.C.,Wang,X.L.,Wintle,A.G.,2007.A new OSL chronology for dust accμmulation in the last 130,000 years for the Chinese Loess plateau.Quaternary Res.,67(1):152-160.doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.08.003
Song,Y.G.,Fang,X.M.,Li,J.J.,et al.,2001.The Late Cenozoic uplift of the Liupan Shan,China.Sci.China(Ser.D),44(Suppl.):176-184.doi:10.1007/BF02911985
Xiang,H.F.,Guo,S.M.,Zhang,B.L.,et al.,1998a.Research on the active structure of the eastern foot of Liupanshan Mountain.Recent Developments in World Seismology,7:24-27(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiang,H.F.,Guo,S.M.,Zhang,B.L.,et al.,1998b.Active features of the eastern Liupanshan piedmont reverse fault zone since Late Quaternary.Seismology and Geology,20(4):321-327(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie,F.R.,Shu,S.B.,Dou,S.Q.,et al.,2000.Quaternary tectonic stress field in the region of Haiyuan-Liupanshan fault zone to Yinchuan fault-depression.Seismology and Geology,22(2):139-146(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,B.L.,Xiang,H.F.,Guo,S.M.,et al.,2000.The fabric of fault gouge from the eastern Liupanshan piedmont fault zone and their implication.Seismology and Geology,22(1):47-52(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,P.Z.,Burchfiel,B.C.,Peter,M.,et al.,1991.Amount and style of late Cenozoic deformation in the Liupan Shan area,Ningxia Autonomous region,China.Tectonics,10(6):1111-1129.doi:10.1029/90TC02686
Zhang,P.Z.,Zheng,D.W.,Yin,G.M.,et al.,2006.Discus-sion on Late Cenozoic growth and rise of northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau.Quaternary Sciences,26(1):5-13(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,Z.Y.,Yu,Q.W.,Zhang,K.X.,et al.,2003.Geo-morphological evolution of Quaternary river from Upper Yellow river and geomorphological evolution investigation for 1∶250,000scale geological mapping in Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,28(6):621-626(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zheng,D.W.,Zhang,P.Z.,Wan,J.L.,et al.,2006.Rapid exhumation at～8Ma on the Liupan Shan thrust fault from apatite fission-track thermochronology:implica-tions for growth of the northeastern Tibetan plateau margin.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,248(1-2):198-208.doi:10.1016/j.tifl.2006.05.023
崔笃信,胡亚轩,王文萍,等,2009.海原断裂带库仑应力积累.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,34(4):641650.
邓起东,陈立春,冉勇康,2004.活动构造定量研究与应用.地学前缘,11(4):383-392.
邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等,2003.中国活动构造与地震活动.地学前缘,10(增刊):66-73.
国家地震局地质所,宁夏回族自治区地震局,1990.海原活动断裂带.北京:地震出版社.
雷祥义,2006.黄土高原河谷阶地黄土地层结构模式.海洋地质与第四纪地质,26(2):113-122.
林秀斌,陈汉林,Karl-Heinz,W.,等,2009.青藏高原东北部隆升:来自宁夏同心小洪沟剖面的证据.地质学报,83(4):455-467.
向宏发,虢顺民,张秉良,等,1998a.六盘山东麓地区活动构造研究.国际地震动态,7:24-27.
向宏发,虢顺民,张秉良,等,1998b.六盘山东麓活动逆断裂构造带晚第四纪以来的活动特征.地震地质,20(4):321-327.
谢富仁,舒塞兵,窦素芹,等,2000.海原、六盘山断裂带至银川断陷第四纪构造应力场分析.地震地质,22(2):139-146.
张秉良,向宏发,虢顺民,等,2000.六盘山东麓断裂断层泥的组构特征及其意义.地震地质,22(1):47-52.
张培震,郑德文,尹功明,等,2006.有关青藏高原东北缘晚新生代扩展与隆升的讨论.第四纪研究,26(1):5-13.
张智勇,于庆文,张克信,等,2003.黄河上游第四纪河流地貌演化——兼论青藏高原1∶25万新生代地质填图地貌演化调查.地球科学———中国地质大学学报,28(6):621-626.
Cui,D.X.,Hu,Y.X.,Wang,W.P.,et al.,2009.Coulomb stress accumulation along Haiyuan fault zone.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,34(4):641-650(in Chinese with English abstract).
Deng,Q.D.,Chen,L.C.,Ran,Y.K.,2004.Quantitative studies and applications of active tectonics.EarthScienceFrontiers,11(4):383-392(in Chinese with English abstract).
Deng,Q.D.,Zhang,P.Z.,Ran,Y.K.,et al.,2003.Active tectonics and earthquake activities in China.Earth Science Frontiers,10(Suppl.):66-73(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ding,G.Y.,Chen,J.,Tian,Q.J.,et al.,2004.Active faults and magnitudes of left-lateral displacement along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Tectonophys-ics,380(3-4):243-260.doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2003.09.022
Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau and Seismological Bureau of Ningxia Autonomous Region,1990.Haiyuan active fault belt.Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
Lei,X.Y.,2006.Models of loess stratigraphical structure on the terraces in the Loess plateau of China.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,26(2):113-122(in Chi-nese with English abstract).
Lin,X.B.,Chen,H.L.,Karl-Heinz,W.,et al.,2010.Com-mencing uplift of the Liupan Shan since 9.5 Ma:evidences from the Sikouzi section at its east side.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,37(4):350-360.doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2009.09.005
Lin,X.B.,Chen,H.L.,Karl-Heinz,W.,et al.,2009.Uplift of the northeastern Tibetan plateau:evidences from the Xiaohonggou Section in Tongxin,Ningxia.Acta Geologica Sinica,83(4):455-467(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu,Y.C.,Wang,X.L.,Wintle,A.G.,2007.A new OSL chronology for dust accμmulation in the last 130,000 years for the Chinese Loess plateau.Quaternary Res.,67(1):152-160.doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.08.003
Song,Y.G.,Fang,X.M.,Li,J.J.,et al.,2001.The Late Cenozoic uplift of the Liupan Shan,China.Sci.China(Ser.D),44(Suppl.):176-184.doi:10.1007/BF02911985
Xiang,H.F.,Guo,S.M.,Zhang,B.L.,et al.,1998a.Research on the active structure of the eastern foot of Liupanshan Mountain.Recent Developments in World Seismology,7:24-27(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiang,H.F.,Guo,S.M.,Zhang,B.L.,et al.,1998b.Active features of the eastern Liupanshan piedmont reverse fault zone since Late Quaternary.Seismology and Geology,20(4):321-327(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xie,F.R.,Shu,S.B.,Dou,S.Q.,et al.,2000.Quaternary tectonic stress field in the region of Haiyuan-Liupanshan fault zone to Yinchuan fault-depression.Seismology and Geology,22(2):139-146(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,B.L.,Xiang,H.F.,Guo,S.M.,et al.,2000.The fabric of fault gouge from the eastern Liupanshan piedmont fault zone and their implication.Seismology and Geology,22(1):47-52(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,P.Z.,Burchfiel,B.C.,Peter,M.,et al.,1991.Amount and style of late Cenozoic deformation in the Liupan Shan area,Ningxia Autonomous region,China.Tectonics,10(6):1111-1129.doi:10.1029/90TC02686
Zhang,P.Z.,Zheng,D.W.,Yin,G.M.,et al.,2006.Discus-sion on Late Cenozoic growth and rise of northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau.Quaternary Sciences,26(1):5-13(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang,Z.Y.,Yu,Q.W.,Zhang,K.X.,et al.,2003.Geo-morphological evolution of Quaternary river from Upper Yellow river and geomorphological evolution investigation for 1∶250,000scale geological mapping in Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,28(6):621-626(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zheng,D.W.,Zhang,P.Z.,Wan,J.L.,et al.,2006.Rapid exhumation at～8Ma on the Liupan Shan thrust fault from apatite fission-track thermochronology:implica-tions for growth of the northeastern Tibetan plateau margin.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,248(1-2):198-208.doi:10.1016/j.tifl.2006.05.023
崔笃信,胡亚轩,王文萍,等,2009.海原断裂带库仑应力积累.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,34(4):641650.
邓起东,陈立春,冉勇康,2004.活动构造定量研究与应用.地学前缘,11(4):383-392.
邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等,2003.中国活动构造与地震活动.地学前缘,10(增刊):66-73.
国家地震局地质所,宁夏回族自治区地震局,1990.海原活动断裂带.北京:地震出版社.
雷祥义,2006.黄土高原河谷阶地黄土地层结构模式.海洋地质与第四纪地质,26(2):113-122.
林秀斌,陈汉林,Karl-Heinz,W.,等,2009.青藏高原东北部隆升:来自宁夏同心小洪沟剖面的证据.地质学报,83(4):455-467.
向宏发,虢顺民,张秉良,等,1998a.六盘山东麓地区活动构造研究.国际地震动态,7:24-27.
向宏发,虢顺民,张秉良,等,1998b.六盘山东麓活动逆断裂构造带晚第四纪以来的活动特征.地震地质,20(4):321-327.
谢富仁,舒塞兵,窦素芹,等,2000.海原、六盘山断裂带至银川断陷第四纪构造应力场分析.地震地质,22(2):139-146.
张秉良,向宏发,虢顺民,等,2000.六盘山东麓断裂断层泥的组构特征及其意义.地震地质,22(1):47-52.
张培震,郑德文,尹功明,等,2006.有关青藏高原东北缘晚新生代扩展与隆升的讨论.第四纪研究,26(1):5-13.
张智勇,于庆文,张克信,等,2003.黄河上游第四纪河流地貌演化——兼论青藏高原1∶25万新生代地质填图地貌演化调查.地球科学———中国地质大学学报,28(6):621-626.
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