南黄海盆地古潜山分类及构造特征
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摘要
南黄海是下扬子的主体,奠基于晋宁期变质基底之上,构造演化历经南华纪—早、中三叠世海相地层发育期、晚白垩世—古近纪箕状断陷发育期和新近纪—第四纪坳陷发育期,为一典型地台-断陷-坳陷多层结构的复合盆地。盆地历经多次构造运动改造,古潜山发育,类型多样。在总结前人对古潜山研究的基础上,结合南黄海新近采集的二维地震剖面,对该地区古潜山类型进行了系统划分,并对典型古潜山的构造特征及生储盖匹配关系进行了初步描述。根据成因划分为剥蚀型潜山、拉张型潜山、挤压型潜山和复合型潜山四大类,每一类又可根据形态划分出剥蚀残丘型潜山、拉张翘倾断块型潜山、拉张断阶型潜山、拉张断垒型潜山、挤压褶皱型潜山、拱张褶皱型潜山和褶皱—断块复合型潜山等类型。南黄海盆地古潜山的发育具有分带性,按盆地中潜山的构造位置,分为凸起潜山带、陡坡潜山带、洼陷潜山带和缓坡潜山带,每一构造带发育了不同类型潜山。研究表明南黄海古生界和中生界古潜山数量众多,规模较大,是南黄海地区实现油气突破的一种重要油气藏类型。
The South Yellow Sea Basin,built upon the pre-Nanhua metamorphic basement of the Lower Yangtze platform,is a polycyclic basin with a type of sandwich architecture.The geologic evolution of the basin can be divided into three stages: the Nanhua-early and middle Triassic marine basin stage,the late Cretaceous-Paleogene graben fault basin stage and the Neogene-Quaternary depression basin stage.Buried hills are well developed due to complicated geological evolution of the Basin.Based on the former researches on buried hill classification and combined with the interpretation results of seismic profiles,this paper systematically studied the types of buried hills in the South Yellow Sea Basin and described the tectonic characteristics of typical buried hills.According to origin,buried hills can be divided into erosional,extensional,compressive and complex types.Based on shape,each type of buried hills could be further divided into erosional remnant,tilted fault block,step-fault block,fault horst,compressive fold,arch fold and fold-fault block hills.Buried hills are distributed in a zonal pattern in the basin.According to the structural position in the basin,a fault depression basin can be divided into convex buried hill belt,inner depression buried hill belt,steep slope buried hill belt and gentle slope buried hill belt.There are many types of buried hills in each buried hill belt.The researches indicated that Paleozoic and Mesozoic buried hills are well developed in the South Yellow Sea Basin and could be an important type of reservoir.
The South Yellow Sea Basin,built upon the pre-Nanhua metamorphic basement of the Lower Yangtze platform,is a polycyclic basin with a type of sandwich architecture.The geologic evolution of the basin can be divided into three stages: the Nanhua-early and middle Triassic marine basin stage,the late Cretaceous-Paleogene graben fault basin stage and the Neogene-Quaternary depression basin stage.Buried hills are well developed due to complicated geological evolution of the Basin.Based on the former researches on buried hill classification and combined with the interpretation results of seismic profiles,this paper systematically studied the types of buried hills in the South Yellow Sea Basin and described the tectonic characteristics of typical buried hills.According to origin,buried hills can be divided into erosional,extensional,compressive and complex types.Based on shape,each type of buried hills could be further divided into erosional remnant,tilted fault block,step-fault block,fault horst,compressive fold,arch fold and fold-fault block hills.Buried hills are distributed in a zonal pattern in the basin.According to the structural position in the basin,a fault depression basin can be divided into convex buried hill belt,inner depression buried hill belt,steep slope buried hill belt and gentle slope buried hill belt.There are many types of buried hills in each buried hill belt.The researches indicated that Paleozoic and Mesozoic buried hills are well developed in the South Yellow Sea Basin and could be an important type of reservoir.
引文
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[8]林松辉,王华,张桂霞,等.东营凹陷西部潜山油气藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):360-363.[LIN Songhui,WANG Hua,ZHANG Guixia,et al.Pool features of buried hill in west part of Dongying depression[J].Oil and Gas,2000,21(4):360-363.]
[9]吴永平,杨池银,王喜双.渤海湾盆地北部奥陶系潜山油气藏成藏组合及勘探技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(5):1-4.[WU Yongping,YANG Chiyin,WANG Xishuang.Ordovician buried hill reservoir plays and exploration technique of north-ern Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2000,27(5):1-4.]
[10]吴永平,付立新,杨池银,等.黄骅坳陷中生代构造演化对潜山油气成藏的影响[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):16-21.[WU YONGping,FU Lixin,YANG Chiyin,et al.Effect of Mesozo-ic tectonic evolution on hydrocarbon accumulation in buried hills in Huanghua Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):16-21.]
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[12]常国贞,毕彩芹,林红梅.低潜山反转构造演化、成藏体系与勘探——以胜利油区孤北低潜山为例[J].断块油气田,2002,9(5):19-23.[CHANG Guozhen,BI Caixia,LIN Hongmei.Re-verse tectonic evolution,reservoir-forming system and explo-ration of low buried hill-taking Gubei low buried hill,Shengli oilfield as an example[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2002,9(5):19-23.]
[13]李丕龙,张善文,王永诗,等.多样性潜山成因、成藏与勘探——以济阳坳陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.[LI Peilong,ZHANG Shanwen,WANG Yongshi,et al.Ori-gin,Reservoir and Exploration of Diversity Buried Hills-Tak-ing Jiyang Depression as An Example[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.]
[14]李丕龙,张善文,王永诗,等.断陷盆地多样性潜山成因及成藏研究——以济阳坳陷为例[J].石油学报,2004,25(3):28-31.[LI Peilong,ZHANG Shanwen,WANG Yongshi,et al.Multiplex buried hill genesis and pool forming in rifted basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(3):28-31.]
[15]洪太元,马士忠,祁玉平,等.济阳坳陷早古生代岩石地层特征及古潜山界面的识别[J].地层学杂志,2004,28(4):375-384.[HONH Taiyuan,MA Shizhong,QI Yuping,et al.The early Paleozoic lithostratigraphy and the interface identification of the buried hills in Jiyang Sag,Shandong[J].Journal of stra-tigraphy,2004,28(4):375-384.]
[16]燕子杰,姜能栋,吉双文.济阳坳陷东北部潜山类型划分及油气富集规律[J].中国石油勘探,2008(6):15-18.[YAN Zijie,JIANG Nengdong,JI Shuangwen.Classification and hydro-carbon enrichment law of buried hills in northeastern Jiyang Depression[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2008(6):15-18.]
[17]陈振岩.“对接山”型古潜山油气藏及其勘探意义[J].特种油气藏,2009,16(3):23-27.[CHEN Zhenyan.“Spliced-hill”type of buried hill reservoir and its exploration significance[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(3):23-27.]
[2]侯方辉,张志珣,张训华,等.南黄海盆地地质演化及构造样式地震解释[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2008,28(5):61-68.[HOU Fanghui,ZHANG Zhixun,ZHANG Xunhua,et al.Ge-ologic evolution and tectonic styles in the Yellow Sea Basin[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2008,28(5):61-68.]
[3]Zhang Minghua.Geological structure of the Yellow Sea area from regional gravity and magnetic interpretation[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4(2):75-83.
[4]阎敦实,王尚文,唐智.渤海湾含油气盆地断块活动与古潜山油、气田的形成[J].石油学报,1980,1(2):1-10.[YAN Dunshi,WANG Shangwen,TANG Zhi.Block faulting and for-mation of oil and gas fields associated with buried hills in Bohai bay basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1980,1(2):1-10.]
[5]胡见义,童晓光,徐树宝.渤海湾盆地古潜山油藏的区域分布规律[J].石油勘探与开发,1981(5):1-9.[HU Jianyi,TONG Xi-aoguang,XU Shubao.Distribution of oil and gas of buried hills in Bohaiwan basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,1981(5):1-9.]
[6]沿海大陆架及毗邻海域油气区石油地质志编写组.沿海大陆架及毗邻海域油气区[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.[Edi-torial Committee of“Petroleum Geology of Oil and Gas Bearing Areas on the Continental Shelf and Its Neighbouring Re-gions”.Oil and Gas Bearing Areas on the Continental Shelf and Its Neighbouring Regions[M].Beijing:Petroleum Indus-try Press,1992.]
[7]刘玄烨.东濮凹陷潜山的地质特征与储层分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(增1):144-148.[LIU Xuanye.Geological characteristics and reservoirs of buried hills in Dongpu Sag[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1994,29(suppl.1):144-148.]
[8]林松辉,王华,张桂霞,等.东营凹陷西部潜山油气藏特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):360-363.[LIN Songhui,WANG Hua,ZHANG Guixia,et al.Pool features of buried hill in west part of Dongying depression[J].Oil and Gas,2000,21(4):360-363.]
[9]吴永平,杨池银,王喜双.渤海湾盆地北部奥陶系潜山油气藏成藏组合及勘探技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(5):1-4.[WU Yongping,YANG Chiyin,WANG Xishuang.Ordovician buried hill reservoir plays and exploration technique of north-ern Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2000,27(5):1-4.]
[10]吴永平,付立新,杨池银,等.黄骅坳陷中生代构造演化对潜山油气成藏的影响[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):16-21.[WU YONGping,FU Lixin,YANG Chiyin,et al.Effect of Mesozo-ic tectonic evolution on hydrocarbon accumulation in buried hills in Huanghua Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):16-21.]
[11]袁先春,赵新国,刘小红,等.东濮坳陷古潜山勘探潜力分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(2):29-32.[YUAN Xianchun,ZHAO Xinguo,LIU Xiaohong,et al Formation models of bur-ied hill type polls in Dongpu sag[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2001,28(2):29-32.]
[12]常国贞,毕彩芹,林红梅.低潜山反转构造演化、成藏体系与勘探——以胜利油区孤北低潜山为例[J].断块油气田,2002,9(5):19-23.[CHANG Guozhen,BI Caixia,LIN Hongmei.Re-verse tectonic evolution,reservoir-forming system and explo-ration of low buried hill-taking Gubei low buried hill,Shengli oilfield as an example[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2002,9(5):19-23.]
[13]李丕龙,张善文,王永诗,等.多样性潜山成因、成藏与勘探——以济阳坳陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.[LI Peilong,ZHANG Shanwen,WANG Yongshi,et al.Ori-gin,Reservoir and Exploration of Diversity Buried Hills-Tak-ing Jiyang Depression as An Example[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.]
[14]李丕龙,张善文,王永诗,等.断陷盆地多样性潜山成因及成藏研究——以济阳坳陷为例[J].石油学报,2004,25(3):28-31.[LI Peilong,ZHANG Shanwen,WANG Yongshi,et al.Multiplex buried hill genesis and pool forming in rifted basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(3):28-31.]
[15]洪太元,马士忠,祁玉平,等.济阳坳陷早古生代岩石地层特征及古潜山界面的识别[J].地层学杂志,2004,28(4):375-384.[HONH Taiyuan,MA Shizhong,QI Yuping,et al.The early Paleozoic lithostratigraphy and the interface identification of the buried hills in Jiyang Sag,Shandong[J].Journal of stra-tigraphy,2004,28(4):375-384.]
[16]燕子杰,姜能栋,吉双文.济阳坳陷东北部潜山类型划分及油气富集规律[J].中国石油勘探,2008(6):15-18.[YAN Zijie,JIANG Nengdong,JI Shuangwen.Classification and hydro-carbon enrichment law of buried hills in northeastern Jiyang Depression[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2008(6):15-18.]
[17]陈振岩.“对接山”型古潜山油气藏及其勘探意义[J].特种油气藏,2009,16(3):23-27.[CHEN Zhenyan.“Spliced-hill”type of buried hill reservoir and its exploration significance[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(3):23-27.]
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