川西安县构造的变形特征及演化
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摘要
安县构造由于山地条件和地质结构复杂等原因,地震资料品质较差,构造存在多解性。前人多采用基底卷入的前展式逆冲叠瓦构造模型进行解释;结合露头与钻井资料分析认为逆冲三角带的构造模型更加科学、合理。安县构造自北西向南东可分为3个构造带:北川-映秀断层至安县-灌县断层之间的叠瓦构造带、安县-灌县断层下盘的山前隐伏带和坳陷内部弱变形带。山前隐伏带以发育逆冲三角带构造为特征,垂向上具有分层变形特征,自上而下可分为4个体系,即侏罗系、中-下三叠统外来推覆体、中-下三叠统滑脱层之上的须家河组1、2、3段和中-下三叠统滑脱层之下的古生界。安县构造在晚三叠世以安县-灌县断层活动为代表,逆冲推覆强烈并有较大的水平收缩变形量;晚侏罗世至新生代水平收缩变形量相对小而基底隆升明显,白垩纪末构造已基本形成,新生代构造继承发展。
The varied topography and complex structure of Anxian Structure caused the poor resolution of seismic data,where structure was multi-explained.Basement-involved insequence imbricate structural model were adopted by predecessors for interpretation.Based on the analysis of outcrops and drilling data,it was considered that the thrust triangle zone structure was more reasonable.Anxian Structure could be divided into three structural belts from the northwest to southeast,namely the imbricate structural belt was located between Beichuan-Yingxiu Fault to Anxian-Guanxian Fault,foreland concealed belt was located in the footwall burial belt of Anxian-Guanxian Fault and weak deformation depression belt.Foreland concealed belt had the feature of triangle zone.And four structural layers could be divided,namely Jurassic,lower-middle triassic thrust nappe,Member 1-2-3 of Xujiahe Formation and Mid-lower member of Palaeozoic System.Anxian Structure develops Anxian-Guanxian Fault and thrust nappe in late Triassic and horizontal contraction was large.From late Jurassic to Cenozoic,horizontal contraction is small,while uplift of basement is obvious.At the end of Cretaceous Anxian Structure is basically formed,and structure is successively developed in Cenozoic.
The varied topography and complex structure of Anxian Structure caused the poor resolution of seismic data,where structure was multi-explained.Basement-involved insequence imbricate structural model were adopted by predecessors for interpretation.Based on the analysis of outcrops and drilling data,it was considered that the thrust triangle zone structure was more reasonable.Anxian Structure could be divided into three structural belts from the northwest to southeast,namely the imbricate structural belt was located between Beichuan-Yingxiu Fault to Anxian-Guanxian Fault,foreland concealed belt was located in the footwall burial belt of Anxian-Guanxian Fault and weak deformation depression belt.Foreland concealed belt had the feature of triangle zone.And four structural layers could be divided,namely Jurassic,lower-middle triassic thrust nappe,Member 1-2-3 of Xujiahe Formation and Mid-lower member of Palaeozoic System.Anxian Structure develops Anxian-Guanxian Fault and thrust nappe in late Triassic and horizontal contraction was large.From late Jurassic to Cenozoic,horizontal contraction is small,while uplift of basement is obvious.At the end of Cretaceous Anxian Structure is basically formed,and structure is successively developed in Cenozoic.
引文
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[13]Burchfiel B C,Chen Z,Liu Y,et al.Tectonics of the Longmen Shan and adjacent regions[J].Int Geol Rev,1995,37(8):661～735.
[2]罗啸泉,陈兰.川西坳陷的形成演化及其与油气的关系[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(1):16～19.
[3]邓康龄,余福林.川西坳陷的复合构造与油气关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):214～219.
[4]刘树根,李智武,曹俊兴,等.龙门山陆内复合造山带的四维结构构造特征[J].地质科学,2009,44(4):1151～1180.
[5]蔡立国,刘和甫.四川前陆褶皱-冲断带构造样式与特征[J].石油实验地质,1997,19(2):115～120.
[6]汤良杰,杨克明,金文正,等.龙门山冲断带多层次滑脱带与滑脱构造变形[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(增刊1):30～40.
[7]金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,等.川西龙门山褶皱冲断带分带性变形特征[J].地质学报,2007,81(8):1072～1080.
[8]韩建辉,王道永,李忠权.龙门山中段清平飞来峰的构造变形特征及形成机制[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2008,28(3):8～14.
[9]陈社发,邓起东,赵小麟,等.龙门山中段推覆构造带及相关构造的演化历史和变形机制(二)[J].地震地质,l994,l6(4):413～421.
[10]金文正,汤良杰,杨克明,等.龙门山冲断带构造特征研究主要进展及存在问题探讨[J].地质论评,2008,54(1):37～46.
[11]王金琪.安县构造运动[J].石油与天然气地质.1990,11(3):223～234.
[12]张国伟,郭安林,姚安平.中国大陆构造中的西秦岭—松潘大陆构造结[J].地学前缘,2004,11(3):23～32.
[13]Burchfiel B C,Chen Z,Liu Y,et al.Tectonics of the Longmen Shan and adjacent regions[J].Int Geol Rev,1995,37(8):661～735.
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