被动陆缘深水重力流沉积单元及沉积体系——以尼日尔三角洲和珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水区为例
|
摘要
被动陆缘深水沉积盆地是深水油气勘探和沉积学研究的热点领域。本文基于尼日尔三角洲西部深水区与珠江口盆地白云深水区的高分辨率三维地震资料开展深水重力流沉积单元和沉积体系研究。主要取得3个方面的认识:①尽管两个地区所发育的重力流沉积体系差异较大,但基本沉积单元是相同的,均由块体搬运沉积体系、深水水道和朵体组成。②尽管不同被动陆缘深水沉积盆地所发育的深水重力流沉积单元基本相同,但由于重力流供给、海底地形、陆坡均衡面以及可容空间和沉积过程等因素的差异,深水重力流沉积体系以及沉积体系叠置样式存在较大的差异。③进行深水沉积单元的识别和表征研究的同时,应加强深水沉积体系控制因素研究,而不能简单地套用某种深水沉积模式。
Deep-water sedimentary basins of passive margins are a hot field in petroleum exploration and sedimentology research.Based on the study of Niger Delta basin and Baiyun sag,Pearl River Mouth basin,making use of high-resolution 3-D seismic data,the deepwater gravity flow depositional elements and deep-water depositional systems are discussed and three conclusions are made:(1) Deep-water gravity flow depositional systems in different basins vary in general distribution,however they are all composed of basic depositional elements which are mass transport deposits,submarine channel,and lobe.(2) Due to the differences in gravity flow supply,continental slope topography,equilibrium profile,accommodation,and deposition process,there are significant differences in the deep-water gravity flow depositional systems and their system stack styles in passive margin basins.(3) When the deep-water gravity flow depositional elements are identified and characterized,the main controlling factors should be taken into account for the deepwater gravity flow depositional system.It is unrealistic to accurately summarize and predict the gravity flow depositional system with any single model.
Deep-water sedimentary basins of passive margins are a hot field in petroleum exploration and sedimentology research.Based on the study of Niger Delta basin and Baiyun sag,Pearl River Mouth basin,making use of high-resolution 3-D seismic data,the deepwater gravity flow depositional elements and deep-water depositional systems are discussed and three conclusions are made:(1) Deep-water gravity flow depositional systems in different basins vary in general distribution,however they are all composed of basic depositional elements which are mass transport deposits,submarine channel,and lobe.(2) Due to the differences in gravity flow supply,continental slope topography,equilibrium profile,accommodation,and deposition process,there are significant differences in the deep-water gravity flow depositional systems and their system stack styles in passive margin basins.(3) When the deep-water gravity flow depositional elements are identified and characterized,the main controlling factors should be taken into account for the deepwater gravity flow depositional system.It is unrealistic to accurately summarize and predict the gravity flow depositional system with any single model.
引文
李磊,王英民,黄志超,任亚红,张莲美.2008.尼13尔三角洲深水区层序地层及地震相研究.沉积学报,26(3):407-416.
李磊,王英民,张莲美,白广臣,王小刚.2010a.块体搬运复合体的识别、演化及其油气勘探意义.沉积学报,28(1):76-82.
李磊,王英民,张莲美,黄志超.2010b.尼日尔三角洲下陆坡限定性重力流沉积过程及响应.中国科学(D辑),40(11):1591- 1597.
李云,郑荣才,高博禹,胡晓庆,王昌勇.2010.深水扇研究现状和展望——以珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠江深水扇系统为例.地质论评, 56(4):549-560.
吴时国,秦蕴珊.2009.南海北部陆坡深水沉积体系研究.沉积学报,27(5):922-930.
王大伟,吴时国,吕福亮,王彬.2011.南海深水块体搬运沉积体系及其油气勘探意义.中国石油大学学报,35(5):14-19.
祝彦贺,朱伟林,徐强,吴景富.2011.珠江口盆地13.8Ma陆架边缘三角洲与陆坡深水扇的“源汇”关系.中南大学学报,42(12): 3827-3833.
Abreu V,Sullivan M,Pirmez C,Mohrig D.2003.Lateral accretion packages(LAPs):An important reservoir element in deep water sinuous channels.Marine and Petroleum Geology,20(6 -8):631 -648.
Babonneau N,Savoye B,Cremer M,Bez M.2010.Sedimentary architecture in meanders of a submarine channel:detailed study of the present eongo turbidite channel(Zaiango projec).Journal of Sedimentary Research,80(10):852-866.
Bouma A H.2004.Key controls on the characteristics of turbidite systems.In:Lomas S A,Joseph P.eds.Confined Turbidite Systems.London:Geological Society,9 -22.
Chapin M A,Davies P,Gibson J L,Pettingill H S.1994.Reservoir architecture of turbidite sheet sandstones in laterally extensive outcrops,Ross formation,western Ireland,In:Weimer P,Bouma A H,Perkins B F.eds.Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems. Houston:SFPM,53 -68.
Clark J D,Pickering K T.1996.Submarine channels processes and architecture.London:Vallis Press,3-12.
CoiTedor K,Shaw J H,Bilotti F.2005.Simctural styles in the deepwater fold-and-thrus t belts of the.Niger Delta.AAPG Bulletin,89(6): 753 -780.
Deptuck M E,Steffens G S,Barton M,Pirmez C.2003.Architecture and evolution of upper fan channel belts on the Niger Delta slope and in the Arabian Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,20(6 -8): 649-676.
Droz L,Marsset T,Ondreas H,Lopez M,Savoye B,Spy-Anderson F L. 2003.Architecture of an active mud-rich turbidite system:the Zairefan(Congo—Angola margin southeast Atlantic):results from ZaiAngo 1 and 2 Cruises.AAPG Bulletin,87(7):1145 -1168.
Elliott T.2000.Megaflute erosion surfaces and the initiation of turbidite channels.Geology,28(1 ):119 - 122.
Galloway W E.1998.Siliciclastic slope and base-of-slope depositional systems:component facies,stratigraphic architecture,and classification.AAPG Bulletin,82(4):569 -595.
Garziglia S.2008.Mass-transport deposits on the Rosetta province(NW Nile deep - sea turbidite system,Egyptian margin ): Characteristics,distribution,and potential causal processes.Marine Geology,250(3 -4):180-198.
Hodgson D M,Celma C N D,Brunt R L,Flint S S.2011.Submarine slope degradation and aggradation and the stratigraphic evolution of channel - levee systems.Journal of the Geological Society,168: 625 -628.
Keevil G M,Peakall J,Best J L.2007.The influence of scale,slope and channel geometry on the flow dynamics of submarine channels. Marine and Petroleum Oology.24(6 -9):487 -503.
Kolla V,Bourges P,Urrity J M,Safa P.2001.Evolution of deepwater Tertiary sinuous channels offshore,Angola(West Africa) and implications to reservoir architecture.AAPG Bulletin,85(8):1373 -1405.
Koslenko O V,Naruk S J,Hack W,Poupon M,Meyer H J,Glukstad M M,Anowai C,Mordi M.2008.Structural evaluation of column-height controls at a toe-thrust discovery,deepwater Niger Delta. AAPG Bulletin,92(12):1615 -1638.
Li Lei,Wang Yingmin,Xu Qiang,Zhao Jingzhou,Li Dong.2012. Seismic geomorphology and main controls of deep-water gravity(low sedimentary process on the slope of the northern South China Sea. Science China Earth Science,55(5):747 -757.
Mahaffie M J.1994.Reservoir classification for turbidite intervals at the Mars discovery,Mississippi Canyon 807,Gulf of Mexico.In: Weimer P,Bouma A H,Perkins B F.eds.Submarine fans and turbidite systems.Houston:SEPM,233 -244.
Maslin M,Owen M,Day S,Long D.2004.Linking continental slope failures and climate change:Testing the clathrate gun hypothesis. Geology,32(1 ):53 -56.
Mayall M,Jones E,Casey M.2006.Turbidite channel reservoirs:Key elements in facies prediction and effective development.Marine and Petroleum Geology,23(8):821 -841.
Mohrig D,Bullies J.2007.Deep turbidity currents in shallow channels. Geology,35(2):155-158.
Moscardelli L,Wood L,Mann P.2006.Mass-transport complexes and associated processes in the offshore area of Trinidad and Venezuela. AAPG Bulletin,90(7}:1059 - 1088.
Mutti K,Normark W R.1987.Comparing examples of modern and ancient turbidile systems:Problems and concepts.In:Leggel J K., Zuffa G G,eds.Marine Clastic Sedimenlology.London:Graham and Trolman,1 -38.
Multi E,Normark W R.1991.An integrated approach to the study of turbidite systems,In:Weimer P,Link M H.eds.Seismic facies and sedimentary processes of submarine fans and turbidile systems. New York:Springer-Verlag,75 - 106.
Normark W R.1970.Growth patterns of deep-sea fans.AAPG Bulletin, 54(11):2170-7195.
Peakall J,McCaffrey W:D,Kneller B C.2000.A process model for the evolution,morphology and architecture of sinuous submarine channels.Journal of Sedimentary Research,70(3):434 -448.
Pickering k,Slow D,Walson M,Hiscott R.1986.Deepwater faries, processes and models:a review and classificalion scheme for modern and ancient sediments.Earth-Science Reviews,23(2):75 - 174.
Posamentier H W,Kolla V.2003.Seismic geomorphology and stratigraphy of depositional elements in deepwater settings.Journal of Sedimentary Research,73(3):367 -388.
Reading H G,Richards M.1994.Turbidite systems in deepwater basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system.AAPG Bulletin, 78(5):792 -822.
Richards M,Bowman M,Reading H.1998.Submarine-fan syslems l: characterization and stratigraphic prediction.Marine and Petroleum Geology,15(7):687 -717.
Richards M,Bowman M.1998.Submarine fans and related depositional systemsⅡ:variability in reservoir architecture and wireline log character.Marine and Petroleum Oology,15(8):821 -839.
Sawyer D E,Flemings P B,Shipp R C,Winker C D.2007.Seismic geomorphology,litrhology,and evolution of the late Pleistocene Mars—Ursa turbidile region,Mississippi canyon area,northern gulf of Mexico.AAPG Bulletin,91(2):215 -234.
Shanmugam G.2000.50 years of the lurbidite paradigm(1950s 1990s):Deepwaler processes and facies models:A critical perspective.Marine and Petroleum Geology,17(2):285 -342.
Smith R.2004.Silled sub-basins to connected tortuous corridors: Sedimenl distribution systems on topographically complex subaqueous slopes.In:Comas S A,Joseph P.eds.Confined Turbidile Systems.Loudon:Geological Sociely,23 -43.
Sun Qiliang,Wu Shiguo,Thomas L,Wang Bin,Yang Taotao.2011. Geophysical evidence for cyclic sediment deposition on the southern slope of Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea.Marine Geophysical Research,32(3):415 -428.
Tripsanas E k,Bryant W R,Phaneuf B A.2004.Slope-instability processes caused by sail movemenls in a complex deep-water environment,Bryant canyon area,northwest gull of Mexico.AAPG Bulletin,88(6):801 -823.
Walker R G.1978.Deepwater Sandstone Facies and Ancient Submarine Fans:Models for Exploration for Straligraphic Traps.AAPG Bulletin,62(6):932-966.
Weimer P,Slatt R M.2007.Introduction to deepwaler syslems.In: Weimer P,Slatt R M.eds.Introduction lo the petroleum geology of deepwater settings.Tulsa:AAPG and Oatapages,149 - 170.
Zhu Mangzheng,Graham S,Pang Xiong,McHargue T.2010. Cliaracleristics of migrating submarine canvons from the middle Miocene to present:Implications for paleoceanographic circulation, northern Soulh China Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,27:307 -319.
李磊,王英民,张莲美,白广臣,王小刚.2010a.块体搬运复合体的识别、演化及其油气勘探意义.沉积学报,28(1):76-82.
李磊,王英民,张莲美,黄志超.2010b.尼日尔三角洲下陆坡限定性重力流沉积过程及响应.中国科学(D辑),40(11):1591- 1597.
李云,郑荣才,高博禹,胡晓庆,王昌勇.2010.深水扇研究现状和展望——以珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠江深水扇系统为例.地质论评, 56(4):549-560.
吴时国,秦蕴珊.2009.南海北部陆坡深水沉积体系研究.沉积学报,27(5):922-930.
王大伟,吴时国,吕福亮,王彬.2011.南海深水块体搬运沉积体系及其油气勘探意义.中国石油大学学报,35(5):14-19.
祝彦贺,朱伟林,徐强,吴景富.2011.珠江口盆地13.8Ma陆架边缘三角洲与陆坡深水扇的“源汇”关系.中南大学学报,42(12): 3827-3833.
Abreu V,Sullivan M,Pirmez C,Mohrig D.2003.Lateral accretion packages(LAPs):An important reservoir element in deep water sinuous channels.Marine and Petroleum Geology,20(6 -8):631 -648.
Babonneau N,Savoye B,Cremer M,Bez M.2010.Sedimentary architecture in meanders of a submarine channel:detailed study of the present eongo turbidite channel(Zaiango projec).Journal of Sedimentary Research,80(10):852-866.
Bouma A H.2004.Key controls on the characteristics of turbidite systems.In:Lomas S A,Joseph P.eds.Confined Turbidite Systems.London:Geological Society,9 -22.
Chapin M A,Davies P,Gibson J L,Pettingill H S.1994.Reservoir architecture of turbidite sheet sandstones in laterally extensive outcrops,Ross formation,western Ireland,In:Weimer P,Bouma A H,Perkins B F.eds.Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems. Houston:SFPM,53 -68.
Clark J D,Pickering K T.1996.Submarine channels processes and architecture.London:Vallis Press,3-12.
CoiTedor K,Shaw J H,Bilotti F.2005.Simctural styles in the deepwater fold-and-thrus t belts of the.Niger Delta.AAPG Bulletin,89(6): 753 -780.
Deptuck M E,Steffens G S,Barton M,Pirmez C.2003.Architecture and evolution of upper fan channel belts on the Niger Delta slope and in the Arabian Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,20(6 -8): 649-676.
Droz L,Marsset T,Ondreas H,Lopez M,Savoye B,Spy-Anderson F L. 2003.Architecture of an active mud-rich turbidite system:the Zairefan(Congo—Angola margin southeast Atlantic):results from ZaiAngo 1 and 2 Cruises.AAPG Bulletin,87(7):1145 -1168.
Elliott T.2000.Megaflute erosion surfaces and the initiation of turbidite channels.Geology,28(1 ):119 - 122.
Galloway W E.1998.Siliciclastic slope and base-of-slope depositional systems:component facies,stratigraphic architecture,and classification.AAPG Bulletin,82(4):569 -595.
Garziglia S.2008.Mass-transport deposits on the Rosetta province(NW Nile deep - sea turbidite system,Egyptian margin ): Characteristics,distribution,and potential causal processes.Marine Geology,250(3 -4):180-198.
Hodgson D M,Celma C N D,Brunt R L,Flint S S.2011.Submarine slope degradation and aggradation and the stratigraphic evolution of channel - levee systems.Journal of the Geological Society,168: 625 -628.
Keevil G M,Peakall J,Best J L.2007.The influence of scale,slope and channel geometry on the flow dynamics of submarine channels. Marine and Petroleum Oology.24(6 -9):487 -503.
Kolla V,Bourges P,Urrity J M,Safa P.2001.Evolution of deepwater Tertiary sinuous channels offshore,Angola(West Africa) and implications to reservoir architecture.AAPG Bulletin,85(8):1373 -1405.
Koslenko O V,Naruk S J,Hack W,Poupon M,Meyer H J,Glukstad M M,Anowai C,Mordi M.2008.Structural evaluation of column-height controls at a toe-thrust discovery,deepwater Niger Delta. AAPG Bulletin,92(12):1615 -1638.
Li Lei,Wang Yingmin,Xu Qiang,Zhao Jingzhou,Li Dong.2012. Seismic geomorphology and main controls of deep-water gravity(low sedimentary process on the slope of the northern South China Sea. Science China Earth Science,55(5):747 -757.
Mahaffie M J.1994.Reservoir classification for turbidite intervals at the Mars discovery,Mississippi Canyon 807,Gulf of Mexico.In: Weimer P,Bouma A H,Perkins B F.eds.Submarine fans and turbidite systems.Houston:SEPM,233 -244.
Maslin M,Owen M,Day S,Long D.2004.Linking continental slope failures and climate change:Testing the clathrate gun hypothesis. Geology,32(1 ):53 -56.
Mayall M,Jones E,Casey M.2006.Turbidite channel reservoirs:Key elements in facies prediction and effective development.Marine and Petroleum Geology,23(8):821 -841.
Mohrig D,Bullies J.2007.Deep turbidity currents in shallow channels. Geology,35(2):155-158.
Moscardelli L,Wood L,Mann P.2006.Mass-transport complexes and associated processes in the offshore area of Trinidad and Venezuela. AAPG Bulletin,90(7}:1059 - 1088.
Mutti K,Normark W R.1987.Comparing examples of modern and ancient turbidile systems:Problems and concepts.In:Leggel J K., Zuffa G G,eds.Marine Clastic Sedimenlology.London:Graham and Trolman,1 -38.
Multi E,Normark W R.1991.An integrated approach to the study of turbidite systems,In:Weimer P,Link M H.eds.Seismic facies and sedimentary processes of submarine fans and turbidile systems. New York:Springer-Verlag,75 - 106.
Normark W R.1970.Growth patterns of deep-sea fans.AAPG Bulletin, 54(11):2170-7195.
Peakall J,McCaffrey W:D,Kneller B C.2000.A process model for the evolution,morphology and architecture of sinuous submarine channels.Journal of Sedimentary Research,70(3):434 -448.
Pickering k,Slow D,Walson M,Hiscott R.1986.Deepwater faries, processes and models:a review and classificalion scheme for modern and ancient sediments.Earth-Science Reviews,23(2):75 - 174.
Posamentier H W,Kolla V.2003.Seismic geomorphology and stratigraphy of depositional elements in deepwater settings.Journal of Sedimentary Research,73(3):367 -388.
Reading H G,Richards M.1994.Turbidite systems in deepwater basin margins classified by grain size and feeder system.AAPG Bulletin, 78(5):792 -822.
Richards M,Bowman M,Reading H.1998.Submarine-fan syslems l: characterization and stratigraphic prediction.Marine and Petroleum Geology,15(7):687 -717.
Richards M,Bowman M.1998.Submarine fans and related depositional systemsⅡ:variability in reservoir architecture and wireline log character.Marine and Petroleum Oology,15(8):821 -839.
Sawyer D E,Flemings P B,Shipp R C,Winker C D.2007.Seismic geomorphology,litrhology,and evolution of the late Pleistocene Mars—Ursa turbidile region,Mississippi canyon area,northern gulf of Mexico.AAPG Bulletin,91(2):215 -234.
Shanmugam G.2000.50 years of the lurbidite paradigm(1950s 1990s):Deepwaler processes and facies models:A critical perspective.Marine and Petroleum Geology,17(2):285 -342.
Smith R.2004.Silled sub-basins to connected tortuous corridors: Sedimenl distribution systems on topographically complex subaqueous slopes.In:Comas S A,Joseph P.eds.Confined Turbidile Systems.Loudon:Geological Sociely,23 -43.
Sun Qiliang,Wu Shiguo,Thomas L,Wang Bin,Yang Taotao.2011. Geophysical evidence for cyclic sediment deposition on the southern slope of Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea.Marine Geophysical Research,32(3):415 -428.
Tripsanas E k,Bryant W R,Phaneuf B A.2004.Slope-instability processes caused by sail movemenls in a complex deep-water environment,Bryant canyon area,northwest gull of Mexico.AAPG Bulletin,88(6):801 -823.
Walker R G.1978.Deepwater Sandstone Facies and Ancient Submarine Fans:Models for Exploration for Straligraphic Traps.AAPG Bulletin,62(6):932-966.
Weimer P,Slatt R M.2007.Introduction to deepwaler syslems.In: Weimer P,Slatt R M.eds.Introduction lo the petroleum geology of deepwater settings.Tulsa:AAPG and Oatapages,149 - 170.
Zhu Mangzheng,Graham S,Pang Xiong,McHargue T.2010. Cliaracleristics of migrating submarine canvons from the middle Miocene to present:Implications for paleoceanographic circulation, northern Soulh China Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,27:307 -319.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心