基于广义S变换的吸收衰减分析技术在油气识别中的应用
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摘要
广义S变换克服了小波基函数变化趋势固定不变的缺陷,具有较好的时频分析效果和较高的灵活性。将广义S变换引入到地震波吸收衰减分析中,应用最小二乘谱模拟方法消除地层反射系数对子波振幅谱的影响,突出含油气储层在地震记录上的响应;引入"低频增加、高频衰减"(LFR&HFA)面积差值法使得含油气储层的影响占主导地位,提高了油气识别的准确性。物理模型和实际地震资料的应用验证了上述方法的可行性;应用上述方法对实际地震资料进行油气识别,取得的结果与实际钻井结果吻合,证明了上述方法的实用性。
Generalized S transform overcomes the defect of constant trend of wavelet window function,and has good time-frequency analysis and fine flexibility.We applied generalized S transform to absorption and attenuation analysis,and then least square spectrum simulation was adopted to remove the impact of formation reflectivity on wavelet amplitude spectrum.By utilizing"Low Frequency Resonance and High Frequency Attenuation"(LFR&HFA) area difference method,the impact of background such as wavelet and layer was eliminated,which improved the accuracy of hydrocarbon identification.We verified the validity and feasibility of above method through physical model and actual seismic data.The application of the method on actual seismic data shows that the achievements on hydrocarbon identification are coinciding with the actual drilling data.
Generalized S transform overcomes the defect of constant trend of wavelet window function,and has good time-frequency analysis and fine flexibility.We applied generalized S transform to absorption and attenuation analysis,and then least square spectrum simulation was adopted to remove the impact of formation reflectivity on wavelet amplitude spectrum.By utilizing"Low Frequency Resonance and High Frequency Attenuation"(LFR&HFA) area difference method,the impact of background such as wavelet and layer was eliminated,which improved the accuracy of hydrocarbon identification.We verified the validity and feasibility of above method through physical model and actual seismic data.The application of the method on actual seismic data shows that the achievements on hydrocarbon identification are coinciding with the actual drilling data.
引文
[1]郭栋,韩文功,王兴谋,等.地层吸收特征参数分析预测深层气藏方法[J].油气地球物理,2008,6(3): 20-24
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[3]辛可锋,李振春,王永刚,等.地层等效吸收系数反演[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):14-20
[4]董宁,杨立强.基于小波变换的吸收衰减技术在塔河油田储层预测中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展, 2008,23(2):533-538
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[6]张益明,李绪宣,符力耘.瞬时子波吸收分析技术的应用——以中国近海天然气检测为例[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):368-376
[7]张会星,何兵寿,姜效典,等.利用地震波在双相介质中的衰减特性检测油气[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2010,45(3):343 349
[8]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization oF the complex spectrum:the S-transform[J].IEEE Transations on Signal Processing,1996,17(6): 998 1001
[9]李振春,刁瑞,韩文功,等.线性时频分析方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(4):239-246
[10]Mansinha L,Stockwell R,Lowe R,et al.Local S-spectrum analysis of 1-D and 2-D data[J].Physics of the Earth and Planrtary Interiors,1997,103(3):329-336
[11]Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.The S-transform with windows of arbitrary and varying shape[J].Geophysics, 2003,68(1):381-385
[12]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭,等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(4): 526-532
[13]陈学华,贺振华.改进的S变换及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].数据采集与处理,2005,20(4): 449-453
[14]Ricker N H.Transient waves in visco-elasitic media [M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science Publishing Company, 1977:1-268
[15]Rose A L,Ulrych T J.Processing via spectral modeling [J].Geophysics,1991,56(8):1244-1251
[16]孙成禹.谱模拟方法及其在提高地震资料分辨率中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(1):27-35
[17]Spencer T W.Seismic wave attenuation in non-resolvable cyclic stratification[J].Geophysics,1977,42 (5):939 949
[2]赵一民,汤达祯,边树涛.地震频谱衰减属性在松辽盆地南部深层火山岩气藏预测中的应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2009,16(2):46-48
[3]辛可锋,李振春,王永刚,等.地层等效吸收系数反演[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):14-20
[4]董宁,杨立强.基于小波变换的吸收衰减技术在塔河油田储层预测中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展, 2008,23(2):533-538
[5]Hu X P,Liang Y,Tao C F,et al.Application of hydrocarbon detection technology based on doublephase medium therry[C].Expanded Abstracts of 79~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2009,593-596
[6]张益明,李绪宣,符力耘.瞬时子波吸收分析技术的应用——以中国近海天然气检测为例[J].石油物探,2009,48(4):368-376
[7]张会星,何兵寿,姜效典,等.利用地震波在双相介质中的衰减特性检测油气[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2010,45(3):343 349
[8]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization oF the complex spectrum:the S-transform[J].IEEE Transations on Signal Processing,1996,17(6): 998 1001
[9]李振春,刁瑞,韩文功,等.线性时频分析方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(4):239-246
[10]Mansinha L,Stockwell R,Lowe R,et al.Local S-spectrum analysis of 1-D and 2-D data[J].Physics of the Earth and Planrtary Interiors,1997,103(3):329-336
[11]Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.The S-transform with windows of arbitrary and varying shape[J].Geophysics, 2003,68(1):381-385
[12]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭,等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(4): 526-532
[13]陈学华,贺振华.改进的S变换及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].数据采集与处理,2005,20(4): 449-453
[14]Ricker N H.Transient waves in visco-elasitic media [M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science Publishing Company, 1977:1-268
[15]Rose A L,Ulrych T J.Processing via spectral modeling [J].Geophysics,1991,56(8):1244-1251
[16]孙成禹.谱模拟方法及其在提高地震资料分辨率中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(1):27-35
[17]Spencer T W.Seismic wave attenuation in non-resolvable cyclic stratification[J].Geophysics,1977,42 (5):939 949
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