四川盆地基准井勘探历程回顾及地质效果分析
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摘要
20世纪50年代在四川盆地实施的基准井钻探计划甚为成功,取得了6项显著成果:发现一个盐水温泉,发现中国第一个大气田,发现中国最古老的产气层,第一次取得盆地基底信息,发现并证实了四川盆地内的第一个大型古隆起(乐山—龙女寺古隆起),成功钻成当时中国最深的一口井。其地质效果可以归纳为:①为20世纪60年代我国"开气找油"的石油"大会战"提供了战场选择的依据;②获得四川盆地内完整的地层剖面并在古生界发现4个产气层(二叠系、奥陶系、寒武系和震旦系),为其后寻找大气田提供了方向;③获得的四川盆地基底资料,为中国基础地质科学研究提供了重要的依据。结论认为:一个盆地勘探之初,有计划地钻一些基准井并与地震剖面联系起来进行综合解释,是全面系统开展区域油气勘探的一套有效方法;20世纪50年代在川中"地台"实施的基准井计划,是四川盆地油气勘探战略转移的成功范例,为其后四川盆地近60年油气勘探开发事业的发展奠定了基础。
The project of exploratory drilling of stratigraphic wells in the Sichuan Basin in the 1950s made great success,through which the following five great discoveries and one first record were prized by the State Council in China: the first brine spring,the first giant gas field,the first ancient gas pay zone,the first large paleo-uplift of Leshan-Longnüshi within the basin were found and proved,the first deepest well was drilled,and it was the first time to obtain the information of the basin basement.In addition,the geological effects achieved through this successful project are presented herein.(1) It provided the basis for the choice of battle sites in the "great battle" for finding more oil and gas resources in the 1960s.(2) A complete strata profile of the whole basin was got and four Paleozoic pay zones were discovered including the Tertiary,Ordovician,Cambrian,and Sinian formations,which directed the further discoveries of other giant gas fields.(3) The obtained basin basement data provided important reference for the researchers to study the basic geological sciences in China.In conclusion,(1) at the early period of gas exploration in a basin,the integrated geological interpretation through data from some stratigraphic wells combined with the seismic profiles was effective for overall and systematic regional oil and gas exploration;(2) this project was a successful example for the strategic shift of oil and gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin and had a good start for the oil and gas exploration and development in this basin in the following next 6 decades.
The project of exploratory drilling of stratigraphic wells in the Sichuan Basin in the 1950s made great success,through which the following five great discoveries and one first record were prized by the State Council in China: the first brine spring,the first giant gas field,the first ancient gas pay zone,the first large paleo-uplift of Leshan-Longnüshi within the basin were found and proved,the first deepest well was drilled,and it was the first time to obtain the information of the basin basement.In addition,the geological effects achieved through this successful project are presented herein.(1) It provided the basis for the choice of battle sites in the "great battle" for finding more oil and gas resources in the 1960s.(2) A complete strata profile of the whole basin was got and four Paleozoic pay zones were discovered including the Tertiary,Ordovician,Cambrian,and Sinian formations,which directed the further discoveries of other giant gas fields.(3) The obtained basin basement data provided important reference for the researchers to study the basic geological sciences in China.In conclusion,(1) at the early period of gas exploration in a basin,the integrated geological interpretation through data from some stratigraphic wells combined with the seismic profiles was effective for overall and systematic regional oil and gas exploration;(2) this project was a successful example for the strategic shift of oil and gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin and had a good start for the oil and gas exploration and development in this basin in the following next 6 decades.
引文
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[5]罗志立,刘树根.中国塔里木、鄂尔多斯、四川克拉通盆地下古生界成藏条件对比分析[M]∥罗志立.中国板块构造和含油气盆地分析.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:359-546.
[6]罗志立.川中是个古陆核吗[J].成都地质学院学报,1986,13(3):65-73.
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[9]洪海涛,谢继容,吴国平,等.四川盆地震旦系天然气勘探分析[J].天然气工业,2011,31(11):37-41.
[10]蒋小光,张光荣,钟子川,等.四川盆地下古生界有利勘探区带的地震预测技术[J].天然气工业,2011,31(11):42-46.
[2]焦力人.当代中国的石油工业[M].北京:中国社会科学院出版社,1988:590-593.
[3]《康世恩传》编写组.康世恩传[M].北京:当代中国出版社,1998:59-70.
[4]四川石油管理局地质勘探开发研究院志编纂委员会.四川石油管理局地质勘探开发研究院志[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1995:37-42.
[5]罗志立,刘树根.中国塔里木、鄂尔多斯、四川克拉通盆地下古生界成藏条件对比分析[M]∥罗志立.中国板块构造和含油气盆地分析.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:359-546.
[6]罗志立.川中是个古陆核吗[J].成都地质学院学报,1986,13(3):65-73.
[7]乔秀夫.华南晚前寒武纪古板块构造[M]∥黄汲清,李春昱.中国及其邻区大地构造论文集.北京:地质出版社,1981.
[8]朱夏.活动论构造历史观[J].石油实验地质,1991,13(3):201-209.
[9]洪海涛,谢继容,吴国平,等.四川盆地震旦系天然气勘探分析[J].天然气工业,2011,31(11):37-41.
[10]蒋小光,张光荣,钟子川,等.四川盆地下古生界有利勘探区带的地震预测技术[J].天然气工业,2011,31(11):42-46.
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