基于动态子波估计的吸收系数提取方法
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摘要
在基于褶积模型的子波提取中,大多假设地震子波为最小相位性质。虽然在地震资料处理中进行了相位转换和Q补偿处理,但从实际地震记录中提取的地震子波,大多也表现为混合相位性质。提取吸收系数大多采用地震记录谱模拟方法,即用地震记录振幅谱平滑代替子波振幅谱,这样就会存在一个误差项,给以常规方法提取的吸收系数地震剖面属性解释带来更多的不确定性。针对以上问题,在地震叠偏剖面上,动态计算地震子波的振幅谱和相位谱,可得到任意相位性质的地震子波,采用谱比法并应用相位项提取较准确的吸收系数。利用动态子波提取的吸收系数剖面,精细显示出储层中含油气和未含油气区域的明显差异,结合嘉陵江组一段动态吸收系数平面图分析,为工区储层的精细解释提供了一种精确的方法。
Wavelet extraction based on convolution-model,we often assume the minimum-phase wavelet.Although phase shift and Q-compensation can be adopted in seismic data processing,the extracted wavelets from real seismic data is mostly mixed-phase.The most common way to extract absorption coefficient is seismic trace spectrum modeling,i.e.using the smoothed amplitude spectrum of the seismic trace to substitute wavelet amplitude spectrum,but this brings in error,also create more uncertainty while interpreting seismic profile properties.To solve this problem,we calculate the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of seismic wavelet dynamically in post-stack migration seismic section,and then synthesize wavelet of any phase type.By using dynamic wavelet extract the absorption coefficient profile,the differences of reservoir with and without oil and gas can be finely showed in significant,combining with the analysis of the dynamic absorb coefficient map of No.1 Jia section,which provides a accurate method for detailed interpretation of the reservoir in work area.
Wavelet extraction based on convolution-model,we often assume the minimum-phase wavelet.Although phase shift and Q-compensation can be adopted in seismic data processing,the extracted wavelets from real seismic data is mostly mixed-phase.The most common way to extract absorption coefficient is seismic trace spectrum modeling,i.e.using the smoothed amplitude spectrum of the seismic trace to substitute wavelet amplitude spectrum,but this brings in error,also create more uncertainty while interpreting seismic profile properties.To solve this problem,we calculate the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of seismic wavelet dynamically in post-stack migration seismic section,and then synthesize wavelet of any phase type.By using dynamic wavelet extract the absorption coefficient profile,the differences of reservoir with and without oil and gas can be finely showed in significant,combining with the analysis of the dynamic absorb coefficient map of No.1 Jia section,which provides a accurate method for detailed interpretation of the reservoir in work area.
引文
[1]刘企英.利用地震信息进行油气预测[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
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[7]李正文.高分辨率地震勘探[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1993.
[8]宁松华.吸收系数在川东南油气预测中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(2):167.
[2]辛可锋,李振春,王永刚,等.地层等效吸收系数反演[J].石油物探,2001,40(4):14.
[3]赵宪生,黄德济.叠前反Q滤波与品质因素Q估计[J].物探化探计算技术,1995,17(1):16.
[4]彭才,曾涛,常智,等.混合相位动态子波估计[J].油气地球物理,2008,6(1):21.
[5]彭才,朱仕军,黄中玉,等.基于动态褶积模型的动态子波估计[J].石油物探,2007,46(4):324.
[6]刘金俊,王修田,徐世浙,等.基于子波相位谱扫描法的子波求取方法[J].海洋科学,2000,24(6):4.
[7]李正文.高分辨率地震勘探[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1993.
[8]宁松华.吸收系数在川东南油气预测中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(2):167.
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