重复反射理论在计算地表面地震波时的应用
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摘要
以某沉淀池设计地震波的计算为例,根据重复反射理论提出一种由典型地震波和土层波阻抗计算场地设计地震波的方法,并证明该计算方法的必要性和可行性.场地覆盖土层假定为无限延伸的水平成层土,基岩面及以下按照线性半无限空间各向同性考虑,基岩面为全反射界面,采用Arkquake软件将初选地震波输入地层,运用等效线性化方法考虑土体非线性,并用傅里叶变换进行频域计算.考虑到各处场地覆盖土层的差异,选用多点分别计算基岩波和地表面地震波.这种方法计算出的地表面地震波能较好地考虑局部场地效应,一定程度上减小地震烈度异常现象,为今后实际工程中地震波的选取提供一种较为实用的参考方法.
Based on the repeated reflection theory,a method of inversing seismic wave on the ground is suggested in this paper.This calculation is hased the typical seismic wave and soil wave impedance.The paper took the rectangle pool for example to calculate the input seismic waves,assumed that the site soil was horizontal layer and extended infinitely,the bedrock was linear semi-infinite space and isotropic,and the surface reflected totally.In the program Arkquake,the two typical seismic waves were put into the layer,On the basis of one-dimensional wave theory and the properties of soil,applying equivalent linearization for nonlinear model of the soil,the program has calculated the waves on the bedrock,In the same way.The corresponding waves on the ground was exported.During this process,the Fourier transform was used in analysing the frequency.In conclusion,the paper compares the amplitude of initial seismic waves and the output ones and draw a conclusion that the count is necessary.Through the comparative analysis of the frequency spectrums,it proves the practicability of this method.Considering differences between the site soil,multiple spots were adopted to calculate waves separately on the bedrock and the ground,this method takes local site effects into account and reduces the phenomenon of abnormal intensity to some degrees,and provided a practical approach for selecting seismic wave for reference.
Based on the repeated reflection theory,a method of inversing seismic wave on the ground is suggested in this paper.This calculation is hased the typical seismic wave and soil wave impedance.The paper took the rectangle pool for example to calculate the input seismic waves,assumed that the site soil was horizontal layer and extended infinitely,the bedrock was linear semi-infinite space and isotropic,and the surface reflected totally.In the program Arkquake,the two typical seismic waves were put into the layer,On the basis of one-dimensional wave theory and the properties of soil,applying equivalent linearization for nonlinear model of the soil,the program has calculated the waves on the bedrock,In the same way.The corresponding waves on the ground was exported.During this process,the Fourier transform was used in analysing the frequency.In conclusion,the paper compares the amplitude of initial seismic waves and the output ones and draw a conclusion that the count is necessary.Through the comparative analysis of the frequency spectrums,it proves the practicability of this method.Considering differences between the site soil,multiple spots were adopted to calculate waves separately on the bedrock and the ground,this method takes local site effects into account and reduces the phenomenon of abnormal intensity to some degrees,and provided a practical approach for selecting seismic wave for reference.
引文
[1]Taranolat A.Inversion of Seismic Reflection Data in the AcousticApproximation[J].Geophysics,1984,49(8):1259-1266.
[2]李志伟,胥颐,郝天珧,刘劲松.利用非线性方法反演琉球-台湾-吕宋地区的岩石层P波速度结构[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1345-1351.Li Z W,Xu Y,Hao T Y,Liu J S.Inversion of P-wavevelocity structure of lithosphere in the Ryukyu-Taiwan-Luzonarea by nonlinear algorithm[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(5):1345-1351.
[3]王勤彩,陈章立,Y.Asano等.利用尾波包络线反演方法研究伽师强震群区地壳的非均匀结构[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(1):90-98.Wang Q C,Chen Z L,Y.Asano,et al.Imaging crustalheterogeneity in Jiashi strong earthquake swarm region by codaenvelope inversion analysis[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2009,52(1):90-98.
[4]冯万鹏,许力生,许忠淮,等.利用InSAR资料反演2008年西藏改则MW6.4和MW5.9地震的断层参数[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4):983-993.Feng W P,Xu L S,Xu Z H,et al.Source parameters of the2008GêrzêMW6.4and MW5.9earthquakes from InSARmeasurements[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(4):983-993.
[5]王新红.弹性波阻抗反演在稠油热采地震监测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):186-191.Wang X H.Application of elastic impendence inversion inseismic monitoring of the heavy-oil thermal recovery[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):186-191.
[6]苏小军,管仁顺,王利田,段林娣,孙新销.波形差异反演方法及其在气藏描述中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1578-1584.Su X J,Guan R S,Wang L T,Duan L D,Sun X X.The inverseof wave different and its application in the forecast of gas[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1578-1584.
[7]钱进,崔若飞,崔大尉,等.波阻抗反演预测奥陶系灰岩顶部含隔水性[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(6):2169-2174.Qian J,Cui R F,Cui D W,et al.Aquosity and watertightprediction of the top Ordovician limestone using impedanceinversion[J].Progress in Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(6):2169-2174.
[8]孙卫涛,董渊.波动方程反演的全局优化方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):797-803.Sun W T,Dong Y.Study on global optimization methods forwave equation inversion problems[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3):797-803.
[9]张丽琴,王家映,严德天.一维波动方程波阻抗反演的同伦方法[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):1111-1117.Zhang L Q,Wang J Y,Yan D T.A Homotopy Method ForThe Impedance Inversion Of 1-D Wave Equation[J].ChineseJournal Of Geophysics,2004,47(6):1111-1117.
[10]丁继才,常旭,刘伊克,汪长永.反射地震数据的逐层波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):574-580.Ding J C,Chang X,Liu Y K,Wang C Y.Layer by layerwaveform inversion of seismic reflection data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):574-580.
[11]崔岩,王彦飞,杨长春.带先验知识的波阻抗反演正则化方法研究[J].地球物理学报.2009.52(8):2135-2141.Cui Y,Wang Y F,Yang C C.Regularizing method with apriori knowledge for seismic impedance inversion[J].ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(8):2135-2141.
[12]张新兵,王家林,吴健生.混合最优化算法在地球物理学中的应用现状与前景[J].地球物理学进展.2003,18(2):218-223.Zhang X B,Wang J L,Wu J S,.Hybrid optimizationalgorithmsapplication present conditions and prospect ingeophysics[J].Progress in Geophysics.(in Chinese),2003,18(2):218-223.
[13]艾印双,刘鹏程,郑天愉.自适应全局混合反演[J].中国科学(D).1998,28(2):105-110.
[14]张霖斌,姚振星.层状介质参数反演的混合最优化法[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(1):46-53.Zhang LB,Yao Z X,.Hybrid optimization method forinversion of the parameters.Progress in Geophysics.(inChinese),2000,15(1):46-53.
[15]邵泽辉,李正文,许多.自适应GA-BP优化方法进行高分辨率反演[J],地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):942-945.Shao Z H,Li Z W,Xu D.An Adaptive GA-BP optimalmethod for high resolution inverse[J].Progress inGeophysics.(in Chinese),2004,19(4):942-945.
[16]赵宪生,严刚峰.波阻抗混合反演全局寻优与编码的实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):688-693.Zhao X S,Yan G F.The experiment research of waveimpedances mixed inversions global optimized and coding[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(3):688-693.
[17]栾茂田,刘占阁.成层场地振动特性及地震反应简化解析解的完整形式[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):747-749.Luan M T,Liu Z G.A Complete Form of SimiplifiedAnalytical Solution of Natural Vibration Characteristics AndSeismic Response of Horizontally-layered Soil Sites[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(6):747-749.
[18]王春玲,黄义,曹彩芹.幂函数剪切模量成层土非线性地震反应的半解析算法[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(2):85-89.Wang C L,Huang Y,Cao C Q.A Semi-analytic Method ForNonlinear Seismic Response of Layered Foundations WithPower Function Shear Modulus[J].World EarthquakeEngineering.2005,21(2):85-89.
[19]孙银行.弱各向异性介质弹性波的准各向同性近似正演模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1118-1123.Sun Y H.Elastic wave forward modeling with quasi-isotropicapproximation in weakly anisotropic medium[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(4):1118-1123.
[20]范留名,张镭于.成层土场地地震效应的时程算法研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(9):2564-2568.Fan L M,Zhang L Y.Time-history algorithm for earthquakeeffect in layered-soil site[J].Rock and Mechanics,2009,30(9):2564-2568.
[21]何兵寿,张会星,韩令贺.弹性波方程正演的粗粒度并行算法[J].地球物理学进展.2010,25(2):650-656.He B S,Zhang H X,Han L H.Forward modeling of easticwave equation with coarse-grained parallel algorithm[J].Progress in Geophysics.2010,25(2):650-656.
[22]Arc Information System,Arkquake Manuals[M],2001.
[23]J.P.Bardet,K.ICHII,and C.H.LIN.EERA-A ComputerProgram for Equivalent-linear Earthquake site ResponseAnalyses of Layered Soil Deposits[M],2000.
[24]蒋通,邢海灵.水平土层地震反应分析考虑频率相关性的等效线性化方法[J].岩土工程学,2007,29(2):218-224.Jiang T,Xing H L.An equivalent linear method consideringfrequency-dependent soil properties for seismic responseanalysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(2):218-224.
[25]Architecture Institute of Japan.anti-quake architecturalstructure design on considering the soil-structure interaction[M],2006.
[26]Civil Engineering Institute of Construction Ministry.seismicnumerical analysis of site soil(NO.1778)[M],2009.
[27]Japan Water Works Association.Manual of anti-quakeconstruction on water conservancy facilities[M],2009.
[28]卢华喜,不同频谱特性地震动输入下的场地地震反应[J].华东交通大学学报,2007,24(1):22-26.Lu H X,Earthquake Response of Site under DifferentFrequency Spectrum Features Ground Motion[J].Journal ofEast China Jiaotong University.2007,24(1):22-26.
[2]李志伟,胥颐,郝天珧,刘劲松.利用非线性方法反演琉球-台湾-吕宋地区的岩石层P波速度结构[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1345-1351.Li Z W,Xu Y,Hao T Y,Liu J S.Inversion of P-wavevelocity structure of lithosphere in the Ryukyu-Taiwan-Luzonarea by nonlinear algorithm[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2007,22(5):1345-1351.
[3]王勤彩,陈章立,Y.Asano等.利用尾波包络线反演方法研究伽师强震群区地壳的非均匀结构[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(1):90-98.Wang Q C,Chen Z L,Y.Asano,et al.Imaging crustalheterogeneity in Jiashi strong earthquake swarm region by codaenvelope inversion analysis[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2009,52(1):90-98.
[4]冯万鹏,许力生,许忠淮,等.利用InSAR资料反演2008年西藏改则MW6.4和MW5.9地震的断层参数[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4):983-993.Feng W P,Xu L S,Xu Z H,et al.Source parameters of the2008GêrzêMW6.4and MW5.9earthquakes from InSARmeasurements[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(4):983-993.
[5]王新红.弹性波阻抗反演在稠油热采地震监测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):186-191.Wang X H.Application of elastic impendence inversion inseismic monitoring of the heavy-oil thermal recovery[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):186-191.
[6]苏小军,管仁顺,王利田,段林娣,孙新销.波形差异反演方法及其在气藏描述中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1578-1584.Su X J,Guan R S,Wang L T,Duan L D,Sun X X.The inverseof wave different and its application in the forecast of gas[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1578-1584.
[7]钱进,崔若飞,崔大尉,等.波阻抗反演预测奥陶系灰岩顶部含隔水性[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(6):2169-2174.Qian J,Cui R F,Cui D W,et al.Aquosity and watertightprediction of the top Ordovician limestone using impedanceinversion[J].Progress in Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(6):2169-2174.
[8]孙卫涛,董渊.波动方程反演的全局优化方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):797-803.Sun W T,Dong Y.Study on global optimization methods forwave equation inversion problems[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3):797-803.
[9]张丽琴,王家映,严德天.一维波动方程波阻抗反演的同伦方法[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):1111-1117.Zhang L Q,Wang J Y,Yan D T.A Homotopy Method ForThe Impedance Inversion Of 1-D Wave Equation[J].ChineseJournal Of Geophysics,2004,47(6):1111-1117.
[10]丁继才,常旭,刘伊克,汪长永.反射地震数据的逐层波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):574-580.Ding J C,Chang X,Liu Y K,Wang C Y.Layer by layerwaveform inversion of seismic reflection data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):574-580.
[11]崔岩,王彦飞,杨长春.带先验知识的波阻抗反演正则化方法研究[J].地球物理学报.2009.52(8):2135-2141.Cui Y,Wang Y F,Yang C C.Regularizing method with apriori knowledge for seismic impedance inversion[J].ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(8):2135-2141.
[12]张新兵,王家林,吴健生.混合最优化算法在地球物理学中的应用现状与前景[J].地球物理学进展.2003,18(2):218-223.Zhang X B,Wang J L,Wu J S,.Hybrid optimizationalgorithmsapplication present conditions and prospect ingeophysics[J].Progress in Geophysics.(in Chinese),2003,18(2):218-223.
[13]艾印双,刘鹏程,郑天愉.自适应全局混合反演[J].中国科学(D).1998,28(2):105-110.
[14]张霖斌,姚振星.层状介质参数反演的混合最优化法[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(1):46-53.Zhang LB,Yao Z X,.Hybrid optimization method forinversion of the parameters.Progress in Geophysics.(inChinese),2000,15(1):46-53.
[15]邵泽辉,李正文,许多.自适应GA-BP优化方法进行高分辨率反演[J],地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):942-945.Shao Z H,Li Z W,Xu D.An Adaptive GA-BP optimalmethod for high resolution inverse[J].Progress inGeophysics.(in Chinese),2004,19(4):942-945.
[16]赵宪生,严刚峰.波阻抗混合反演全局寻优与编码的实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):688-693.Zhao X S,Yan G F.The experiment research of waveimpedances mixed inversions global optimized and coding[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(3):688-693.
[17]栾茂田,刘占阁.成层场地振动特性及地震反应简化解析解的完整形式[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):747-749.Luan M T,Liu Z G.A Complete Form of SimiplifiedAnalytical Solution of Natural Vibration Characteristics AndSeismic Response of Horizontally-layered Soil Sites[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(6):747-749.
[18]王春玲,黄义,曹彩芹.幂函数剪切模量成层土非线性地震反应的半解析算法[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(2):85-89.Wang C L,Huang Y,Cao C Q.A Semi-analytic Method ForNonlinear Seismic Response of Layered Foundations WithPower Function Shear Modulus[J].World EarthquakeEngineering.2005,21(2):85-89.
[19]孙银行.弱各向异性介质弹性波的准各向同性近似正演模拟[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(4):1118-1123.Sun Y H.Elastic wave forward modeling with quasi-isotropicapproximation in weakly anisotropic medium[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(4):1118-1123.
[20]范留名,张镭于.成层土场地地震效应的时程算法研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(9):2564-2568.Fan L M,Zhang L Y.Time-history algorithm for earthquakeeffect in layered-soil site[J].Rock and Mechanics,2009,30(9):2564-2568.
[21]何兵寿,张会星,韩令贺.弹性波方程正演的粗粒度并行算法[J].地球物理学进展.2010,25(2):650-656.He B S,Zhang H X,Han L H.Forward modeling of easticwave equation with coarse-grained parallel algorithm[J].Progress in Geophysics.2010,25(2):650-656.
[22]Arc Information System,Arkquake Manuals[M],2001.
[23]J.P.Bardet,K.ICHII,and C.H.LIN.EERA-A ComputerProgram for Equivalent-linear Earthquake site ResponseAnalyses of Layered Soil Deposits[M],2000.
[24]蒋通,邢海灵.水平土层地震反应分析考虑频率相关性的等效线性化方法[J].岩土工程学,2007,29(2):218-224.Jiang T,Xing H L.An equivalent linear method consideringfrequency-dependent soil properties for seismic responseanalysis[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(2):218-224.
[25]Architecture Institute of Japan.anti-quake architecturalstructure design on considering the soil-structure interaction[M],2006.
[26]Civil Engineering Institute of Construction Ministry.seismicnumerical analysis of site soil(NO.1778)[M],2009.
[27]Japan Water Works Association.Manual of anti-quakeconstruction on water conservancy facilities[M],2009.
[28]卢华喜,不同频谱特性地震动输入下的场地地震反应[J].华东交通大学学报,2007,24(1):22-26.Lu H X,Earthquake Response of Site under DifferentFrequency Spectrum Features Ground Motion[J].Journal ofEast China Jiaotong University.2007,24(1):22-26.
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