琼东南盆地中央峡谷沉积充填特征及油气地质意义
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摘要
综合利用地震、测井、岩芯、岩屑分析化验资料及古生物资料,研究了琼东南盆地中央峡谷形态、沉积充填特征及其油气地质意义。结果表明,位于琼东南盆地中央坳陷带的中央峡谷,西起始莺歌海盆地东部陆坡,东终止南海西北次海盆,整体呈SW—NE走向,平面上呈"S"形,剖面上呈对称或不对称"V"和"U"型,峡谷长、底宽、顶宽和谷深分别约为580km、1～3km、6～15km、400～600m;峡谷以溯源堆积方式充填了相互叠置的多期砂岩和泥岩,中、下部以近基浊积岩充填为主,向上逐渐过渡为远基浊积岩和深海相泥岩;峡谷沉积体系划分为峡谷中心、边缘和漫溢3个微相;峡谷不仅是碎屑物质的通道,也是碎屑物质卸载堆积和油气运移、富集的重要场所,发育隐蔽岩性和构造-岩性复合油气藏。
The morphology,sedimentary filling and petroleum geology of the central submarine canyon in the Qiongdongnan basin were studied using cores,logging,seismic,assaying data and paleontology data.Results show that the canyon,which is located at the central depression of Qiongdongnan basin,starts from the continental slope of Yinggehai basin and terminates at secondary basin in northwestern South Sea.The northeast-trending canyon with S shape in plane and V or U shape in cross-section is ca 580 km long,1~3 km wide at bottom,6~15 km wide at top,and 400~600 m deep.The canyon is filled by multi-period sandstone and mudstone which are superimposed each other in the manner of retrogressive accumulation,and lithology of the canyon is dominated by turbidite sandstone at the middle and lower parts and gradually transites from turbidite sandstone to distal turbidites and deep sea mudstone.Sedimentary system of the canyon can be classified into three microfacies: central,marginal and overflowing facies.It has experienced evolution stages of incision,tuibidite sandtone filling and mudstone filling.The canyon,which is not only channel of fragmentary material,but also place for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,might host the hidden lithologic and structure-lithologic reservoirs.
The morphology,sedimentary filling and petroleum geology of the central submarine canyon in the Qiongdongnan basin were studied using cores,logging,seismic,assaying data and paleontology data.Results show that the canyon,which is located at the central depression of Qiongdongnan basin,starts from the continental slope of Yinggehai basin and terminates at secondary basin in northwestern South Sea.The northeast-trending canyon with S shape in plane and V or U shape in cross-section is ca 580 km long,1~3 km wide at bottom,6~15 km wide at top,and 400~600 m deep.The canyon is filled by multi-period sandstone and mudstone which are superimposed each other in the manner of retrogressive accumulation,and lithology of the canyon is dominated by turbidite sandstone at the middle and lower parts and gradually transites from turbidite sandstone to distal turbidites and deep sea mudstone.Sedimentary system of the canyon can be classified into three microfacies: central,marginal and overflowing facies.It has experienced evolution stages of incision,tuibidite sandtone filling and mudstone filling.The canyon,which is not only channel of fragmentary material,but also place for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,might host the hidden lithologic and structure-lithologic reservoirs.
引文
葛肖虹,王敏沛,刘俊来.2010.重新厘定“四川运动”与青藏高原初始隆升的时代、背景:黄陵背斜构造形成的启示.地学前缘,17(4):206～217.
龚再升.1997.中国近海大油气田.北京:石油工业出版社,167～172.
何家雄,陈胜红,崔莎莎,等.2009.南海北部大陆边缘深水盆地烃源岩早期预测与评价.中国地质,36(2):405～416.
何仕斌,张功成,米立军,等.2007.南海北部大陆边缘盆地深水区储层类型及沉积演化.石油学报,28(5):51～56.
季建清,钟大赉,丁林,等.1999.雅鲁藏布大峡谷地质成因.地学前缘,11(6):231～234.
李从先,张桂甲.1996.下切古河谷高分辨率层序地层学研究的进展.地球科学进展,11(2):216～219.
李吉均,方小敏,潘保田,等.2001.新生代晚期青藏高原强烈隆起及其对周边环境的影响.第四纪研究,21(5):381～391.
李绪宣,刘宝明,赵俊青.2007.琼东南盆地古近纪层序结构、充填样式及生烃潜力.中国海上油气,19(4):217～223.
林畅松,刘景彦,蔡世祥.2001.莺-琼盆地大型下切谷和海底重力流体系的沉积构成和发育背景.科学通报,46(1):69～72.
马文宏,何家雄,姚永坚,等.2008.南海北部边缘盆地第三系沉积及主要烃源岩发育特征.天然气地球科学,19(1):41～42.
米立军,袁玉松,张功成,等.2009.南海北部深水区地热特征及其成因.石油学报,30(1):27～32.
邵磊,李昂,吴国瑄,等.2010.琼东南盆地沉积环境及物源演变特征.石油学报,31(4):548～552.
苏明,李俊良,姜涛,田姗姗,等.2009.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因.海洋地质与第四纪地质,29(4):85～93.
孙永革,杨中威,谢柳娟,等.2010.基于裂解色谱质谱技术的琼东南盆地渐新统源岩生烃潜力评价.石油学报,31(4):579～585.
孙珍,钟志洪,周蒂,等.2003.红河断裂带的新生代变形机制及莺歌海盆地的实验证据.热带海洋学报,22(2):1～9.
向宏发,虢顺民,张晚霞,等.2007.红河断裂带南段中新世以来大型右旋位错量的定量研究.地震地质,29(1):34～50.
谢锦龙,余和中,唐良民,等.2010.南海新生代沉积基底性质和盆地类型.海相油气地质,15(4):35～47.
杨逸畴.1999.徒步穿越考察世界第一大峡谷最新成果.山地学报,17(3):200～206.
于鹏,王家林,钟慧智,等.1999.琼东南盆地基底结构综合地球物理研究.中国海上油气(地质),13(6):443～450.
袁圣强,吴时国,姚根顺.2010.琼东南陆坡深水水道主控因素及勘探应用.海洋地质与第四纪地质,30(2):61～66.
张秉良,刘瑞珣,向宏发,等.2009.红河断裂带中南段断层岩FT测年及其地质意义.地震地质,31(1):44～56.
张功成.2010.南海北部陆坡深水区构造演化及其特征.石油学报,31(4):528～541.
张桂甲,李从先.1995.钱塘江下切古河谷充填及其层序地层学特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,15(4):57～67.
张文敬,高登义.1999.世界第一大峡谷———雅鲁藏布大峡谷科学考察新进展.山地学报,17(2):99～103.
朱伟林.2009.南海北部深水区油气勘探关键地质问题.地质学报,83(8):1059～1064.
Allen C R,Gillespie A R,Han Y,et al.1984.Red River andassociated faults,Yunnan Province,China:Quaternarygeology,slip rates and seismic hazard.Geol.Soc.Am.Bull.,95:686～700.
Allen G P,Posamentier H W.1993.Sequence stratigraphy andfacies model of an incised valley fill:the Gironde estuary,France.Sedimentary Petrology,63(3):378～391.
Ferguson T W,Davis Jr R A.2003.Post-Miocene stratigraphy anddepositional environments of valley-fill sequences at the mouthof Tampa Bay,Florida.Marine Geology,200(1～4):157～170.
Galloway W E,Hobday D K.1996.Terrigenous ClasticDepositional Systems.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,219～225.
Lee G H,Joel S,Watkins J S.1998.Seismic sequence stratigraphyand hydrocarbon potential of the Phu Khanh basin,offshorecentral Vietnam,South China Sea.AAPG Bull.,82(9):1711～1735.
Leloup P H,Harrison T M,Ryerson F,et al.1993.Structural,petrological and thermal evolution of a Tertiary ductile strike-slip shear zone,Diancang Shan,Yunnan.J.of Geophy.Res.,98:671～6743.
Paola C,Heller P L,Angevine C L.1992.Lange-scale dynamics ofgrainsize variation in alluvial basins.Basin Research,4:73～90.
Rangin C,Klein M,Roques D,et al.1995.The Red River faultsystem in the Tonkin Gulf,Vietnam.Tectonophysics,243:209～222.
Rephmar A,Lacassin R,Tapponnier P,et al.2001.Large riveroddsets and Plioeene—Quaternary dextral slip rate on the RedRiver fault(Yunnan,China).J.Geophys.Res.,106(B1):819～836.
Shepard F P.1936.The underlying causes of submarine canyons.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,22(8):496～502.
Sibuet J C,Hsu S K.2004.How was Taiwan created.Tectonphysics,38:159～181.
Stokes W L.1987.Geology of Utah.Utah Geological and MineralSurvey,192～200.
Wescott W A.1997.Channel and valley:Differance in words ormeaning?The Leading Edge,6:867～873.
Yingling V L,Heller P L.1992.Timing and record of forelandsedimentation during the initiation of the sevier orogenic belt incentral Utah.Basin Research,4:279～290.
Zaitlin B A,Dalrymple R W,Boyd R.1994.The stratigraphicorganization of incised valley systems associated with relative sea-level changes.In:Dalrymple R W,Boyd R,Zaitlin B A,eds.Incised Valley Systems:Origin and Sedimentary Sequence.SEPM Spec.Publ.,51:45～60.
Zhong D,Ding L.1995.Rising process of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau and its mechanism.Science in China(SeriesD),39(4):369～379.
龚再升.1997.中国近海大油气田.北京:石油工业出版社,167～172.
何家雄,陈胜红,崔莎莎,等.2009.南海北部大陆边缘深水盆地烃源岩早期预测与评价.中国地质,36(2):405～416.
何仕斌,张功成,米立军,等.2007.南海北部大陆边缘盆地深水区储层类型及沉积演化.石油学报,28(5):51～56.
季建清,钟大赉,丁林,等.1999.雅鲁藏布大峡谷地质成因.地学前缘,11(6):231～234.
李从先,张桂甲.1996.下切古河谷高分辨率层序地层学研究的进展.地球科学进展,11(2):216～219.
李吉均,方小敏,潘保田,等.2001.新生代晚期青藏高原强烈隆起及其对周边环境的影响.第四纪研究,21(5):381～391.
李绪宣,刘宝明,赵俊青.2007.琼东南盆地古近纪层序结构、充填样式及生烃潜力.中国海上油气,19(4):217～223.
林畅松,刘景彦,蔡世祥.2001.莺-琼盆地大型下切谷和海底重力流体系的沉积构成和发育背景.科学通报,46(1):69～72.
马文宏,何家雄,姚永坚,等.2008.南海北部边缘盆地第三系沉积及主要烃源岩发育特征.天然气地球科学,19(1):41～42.
米立军,袁玉松,张功成,等.2009.南海北部深水区地热特征及其成因.石油学报,30(1):27～32.
邵磊,李昂,吴国瑄,等.2010.琼东南盆地沉积环境及物源演变特征.石油学报,31(4):548～552.
苏明,李俊良,姜涛,田姗姗,等.2009.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因.海洋地质与第四纪地质,29(4):85～93.
孙永革,杨中威,谢柳娟,等.2010.基于裂解色谱质谱技术的琼东南盆地渐新统源岩生烃潜力评价.石油学报,31(4):579～585.
孙珍,钟志洪,周蒂,等.2003.红河断裂带的新生代变形机制及莺歌海盆地的实验证据.热带海洋学报,22(2):1～9.
向宏发,虢顺民,张晚霞,等.2007.红河断裂带南段中新世以来大型右旋位错量的定量研究.地震地质,29(1):34～50.
谢锦龙,余和中,唐良民,等.2010.南海新生代沉积基底性质和盆地类型.海相油气地质,15(4):35～47.
杨逸畴.1999.徒步穿越考察世界第一大峡谷最新成果.山地学报,17(3):200～206.
于鹏,王家林,钟慧智,等.1999.琼东南盆地基底结构综合地球物理研究.中国海上油气(地质),13(6):443～450.
袁圣强,吴时国,姚根顺.2010.琼东南陆坡深水水道主控因素及勘探应用.海洋地质与第四纪地质,30(2):61～66.
张秉良,刘瑞珣,向宏发,等.2009.红河断裂带中南段断层岩FT测年及其地质意义.地震地质,31(1):44～56.
张功成.2010.南海北部陆坡深水区构造演化及其特征.石油学报,31(4):528～541.
张桂甲,李从先.1995.钱塘江下切古河谷充填及其层序地层学特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,15(4):57～67.
张文敬,高登义.1999.世界第一大峡谷———雅鲁藏布大峡谷科学考察新进展.山地学报,17(2):99～103.
朱伟林.2009.南海北部深水区油气勘探关键地质问题.地质学报,83(8):1059～1064.
Allen C R,Gillespie A R,Han Y,et al.1984.Red River andassociated faults,Yunnan Province,China:Quaternarygeology,slip rates and seismic hazard.Geol.Soc.Am.Bull.,95:686～700.
Allen G P,Posamentier H W.1993.Sequence stratigraphy andfacies model of an incised valley fill:the Gironde estuary,France.Sedimentary Petrology,63(3):378～391.
Ferguson T W,Davis Jr R A.2003.Post-Miocene stratigraphy anddepositional environments of valley-fill sequences at the mouthof Tampa Bay,Florida.Marine Geology,200(1～4):157～170.
Galloway W E,Hobday D K.1996.Terrigenous ClasticDepositional Systems.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,219～225.
Lee G H,Joel S,Watkins J S.1998.Seismic sequence stratigraphyand hydrocarbon potential of the Phu Khanh basin,offshorecentral Vietnam,South China Sea.AAPG Bull.,82(9):1711～1735.
Leloup P H,Harrison T M,Ryerson F,et al.1993.Structural,petrological and thermal evolution of a Tertiary ductile strike-slip shear zone,Diancang Shan,Yunnan.J.of Geophy.Res.,98:671～6743.
Paola C,Heller P L,Angevine C L.1992.Lange-scale dynamics ofgrainsize variation in alluvial basins.Basin Research,4:73～90.
Rangin C,Klein M,Roques D,et al.1995.The Red River faultsystem in the Tonkin Gulf,Vietnam.Tectonophysics,243:209～222.
Rephmar A,Lacassin R,Tapponnier P,et al.2001.Large riveroddsets and Plioeene—Quaternary dextral slip rate on the RedRiver fault(Yunnan,China).J.Geophys.Res.,106(B1):819～836.
Shepard F P.1936.The underlying causes of submarine canyons.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,22(8):496～502.
Sibuet J C,Hsu S K.2004.How was Taiwan created.Tectonphysics,38:159～181.
Stokes W L.1987.Geology of Utah.Utah Geological and MineralSurvey,192～200.
Wescott W A.1997.Channel and valley:Differance in words ormeaning?The Leading Edge,6:867～873.
Yingling V L,Heller P L.1992.Timing and record of forelandsedimentation during the initiation of the sevier orogenic belt incentral Utah.Basin Research,4:279～290.
Zaitlin B A,Dalrymple R W,Boyd R.1994.The stratigraphicorganization of incised valley systems associated with relative sea-level changes.In:Dalrymple R W,Boyd R,Zaitlin B A,eds.Incised Valley Systems:Origin and Sedimentary Sequence.SEPM Spec.Publ.,51:45～60.
Zhong D,Ding L.1995.Rising process of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau and its mechanism.Science in China(SeriesD),39(4):369～379.
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