阿北区块A井区构造特征及油气地质条件
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摘要
环阿瓦提凹陷区(环阿区)的油气勘探一直没有重大突破,近年来随着钻探技术及认识程度的提高,对环阿区油气勘探前景,尤其是对潜在有利构造带进行重新评估显得十分迫切。基于前人研究成果,利用A井区已有钻探及新旧地震资料,通过开展系统的地层、构造解释与关键层位(第三系底、中上奥陶灰岩顶)构造图编制,揭示该井区中新生界为一完整的、轴向NW—SE的线状挤压背斜,古生界则为一个大型的冲断盐丘穹隆状背斜,古生界盐构造的解释与前期认识有较大差异。在此基础之上,通过分析其油气地质条件,得出该井区具有构造圈闭规模大、毗邻中上奥陶统闭塞海湾相烃源岩、裂缝性储层发育、盖层条件好、海西晚期(二叠纪末)形成古构造圈闭、印支—喜山期继承性隆起且处于油气运移和充注中心等较为有利的油气地质条件。其不利因素为埋藏较深(达6 400～7 500 m),且可能受到东北部大型火山侵入体的影响。
Few large oil and gas fields have been presently discovered around the Awati Sag in western Tarim Basin.However,in recent years,with both the improvements of drilling technology and level of understanding,it is obviously urgent to carry out related re-evaluation upon those potential favorable structural traps or zones.In this paper,based on previous studies,using both pre-existing and newly-obtained 2D seismic data covering the A structure together with drilling data,we firstly conduct seismic data interpretation and delineate structural maps of key reflector layers(the bottom surface of the Tertiary and the top surface of the mid-upper Ordovician limestones).The results show that the A structure is an integrated compressional anticline trending NW-SE within the Mesozoic-Cenozoic interval,but within Palaeozoic interval it is a large-scale thrust-diapir domal anticline structure,which is quietly different from previous understanding.Further analysis on oil and gas conditions indicatethatthethrust-diapirdomalstructurepossessessomeessentialelementsforformingpotentialgiantreservoir,including: 1)a large-scale trap with an area of 260 km 2 and a closure height of 1 100m;2)location beside available source rocks of the mid-upper Ordovician blocked-trough;3)fractured reservoir of the Upper Cambrian–Middle Ordovician carbonate rocks;4)lateHercynianpaleostructuraltrapconditiontogetherwithcontinuoushydrocarbonchargingfromCretaceoustothepresent;5)massive shale sealing condition as well as the fault sealing condition within the shale beds.The adverse factors for this structure are its depth of burial with target layers up to 6 400～7 500 m,and may be affected by the neighboring large-scale volcanic intrusion to its northeast.
Few large oil and gas fields have been presently discovered around the Awati Sag in western Tarim Basin.However,in recent years,with both the improvements of drilling technology and level of understanding,it is obviously urgent to carry out related re-evaluation upon those potential favorable structural traps or zones.In this paper,based on previous studies,using both pre-existing and newly-obtained 2D seismic data covering the A structure together with drilling data,we firstly conduct seismic data interpretation and delineate structural maps of key reflector layers(the bottom surface of the Tertiary and the top surface of the mid-upper Ordovician limestones).The results show that the A structure is an integrated compressional anticline trending NW-SE within the Mesozoic-Cenozoic interval,but within Palaeozoic interval it is a large-scale thrust-diapir domal anticline structure,which is quietly different from previous understanding.Further analysis on oil and gas conditions indicatethatthethrust-diapirdomalstructurepossessessomeessentialelementsforformingpotentialgiantreservoir,including: 1)a large-scale trap with an area of 260 km 2 and a closure height of 1 100m;2)location beside available source rocks of the mid-upper Ordovician blocked-trough;3)fractured reservoir of the Upper Cambrian–Middle Ordovician carbonate rocks;4)lateHercynianpaleostructuraltrapconditiontogetherwithcontinuoushydrocarbonchargingfromCretaceoustothepresent;5)massive shale sealing condition as well as the fault sealing condition within the shale beds.The adverse factors for this structure are its depth of burial with target layers up to 6 400～7 500 m,and may be affected by the neighboring large-scale volcanic intrusion to its northeast.
引文
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[5]吕修祥,金之钧,周新源,等.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷—温宿凸起油气勘探前景[J].中国石油大学学报,2006,30(1):17–21.LüXiuxiang,Jin Zhijun,Zhou Xinyuan,et al.Oil andgas exploration prospect in Wushi sag and Wensu uplift ofTarimBasin[J].JournalofChinaUniversityofPetroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2006,30(1):17–25.
[6]高志农.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起烃源岩特征及其油气源研究[J].石油实验地质,2000,22(4):319–324.Gao Zhinong.Source rock characteristics and oil/gassources of the Bachu uplift in the Tarim Basin[J].Experi-mental Petroleum Geology,2000,22(4):319–324.
[7]萧德铭,冯子辉.塔里木盆地大庆区块烃源岩演化史与油气成藏期研究[J].石油实验地质,1999,21(1):28–33.Xiao Deming,Feng Zihui.Study on the evolution historyof source rock and the pool forming periods of hydrocar-bonintheDaqingblockoftheTarimBasin[J].Experimen-tal Petroleum Geology,1999,21(1):28–33.
[8]孔凡军,胡俊卿,刘喜杰,等.阿北—顺北区块油气成藏条件与勘探目标优选[J].中国西部油气地质,2006,2(2):151–155.Kong Fanjun,Hu Junqing,Liu Xijie,et al.Hydrocarbonaccumulation conditions and selection of exploration tar-gets in Block Abei—Shunbei[J].West China PetroleumGeosciences,2006,2(2):151–155.
[9]赵靖舟,贾承造.塔里面盆地阿瓦提–满加尔低梁构造特征和形成演化[J].地质论评,2002,48(1):68–73.Zhao Jingzhou,Jia Chengzao.Structural characteristicsand tectonic evolution of the Awati—Manjia′er ridge,theTarimBasin[J].GeologicalReview,2002,48(1):68–73.
[10]刘喜杰,李聪明,袁燕丽,等.阿北–顺北区块志留系成藏条件研究[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2006,8(4):1–4.Liu Xijie,Li Congming,Yuan Yanli,et al.Studyon oil–gas accumulating conditions in Silurian ofAbei–Shunbei Block[J].Journal of Chongqing Universi-ty of Science and Technology:Natural Sciences Edition,2006,8(4):1–4.
[11]张达景,王英民,肖志高,等.塔里木盆地台盆区古生界油气输导体系与勘探方向[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(5):604–613.Zhang Dajing,Wang Yingmin,Xiao Zhigao,et al.Pa-leozoic carrier system in platfom-basin transitional area ofTarim Basin and future exploration[J].Oil&Gas Geolo-gy,2006,27(5):604–613.
[12]贾承造.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
[13]徐国强,刘树根,李国蓉,等.塔中、塔北古隆起形成演化及油气地质条件对比[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(1):114–119.Xu Guoqiang,Liu Shugen,Li Guorong,et al.Compari-sonoftectonicevolutionsandpetroleumgeologicalcondi-tions in Tazhong and Tabei palaeohighs in Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(1):114–119.
[14]汤良杰,金之钧,贾承造,等.塔里木盆地多期盐构造与油气聚集[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2004,34(S1):89–97.
[15]赵星,李江海,程海艳.塔北西部英买力地区英买2工区古生界盐构造样式研究[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(1):115–125.Zhao Xing,Li Jianghai,Cheng Haiyan.Paleozoic saltstructure styles of Yingmai 2 Work District in YingmailiArea,Western Tabei Uplift[J].Geological Journal of Chi-na Universities,2009,15(1):115–125.
[16]程海艳,李江海,赵星.塔北隆起西部不同构造层构造样式及其成因关系[J].高校地质学报,2009,15(4):529–536.Cheng Haiyan,Li Jianghai,Zhao Xing.The structuralstyles of different structural layers in the western partof North Tarim Uplift and their genetic mechanisms[J].2009,15(4):529–536.
[17]王铁冠,王春江,何发岐,等.塔河油田奥陶系油藏两期成藏原油充注比率测算方法[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):74–79.Wang Tieguan,Wang Chunjiang,He Faqi,et al.Deter-mination of double filling ratio of mixed crude oils in theOrdovician oil reservoir,Tahe oilfield[J].Petroleum Ge-ology&Expeximent,2004,26(1):74–79.
[18]党青宁,赵宽志,孙雄伟,等.阿瓦提凹陷三叠系地震相特征及有利探区预测[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(2):208–210.Dang Qingning,Zhao Kuanzhi,Sun Xiongwei,et al.Pre-diction of seismic facies and favorable prospecting ar-eas of Triassic in Awati sag,Tarim Basin[J].XinjiangPetroleum Geology,2009,30(2):208–210.
[19]卢玉红,钱玲,张海祖,等.塔里木阿瓦提凹陷乌鲁桥油苗地化特征及来源[J].海相油气地质,2008,13(2):45–51.Lu Yuhong,Qian Ling,Zhang Haizu,et al.Origin andgeochemical characteristics of Wuluqiao oil seepage inAwati sag,Tarim Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Ge-ology,2008,13(2):45–51.
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