汶川M_S8.0地震引起的甘肃数字化水位、水温同震响应特征分析
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摘要
分析了汶川MS8.0地震引起的甘肃"十五"数字化水位、水温同震响应特征.结果表明:①响应灵敏性上,水位高于水温,井孔水温下段高于中段;②响应起始时间上,不论是水位还是水温,均出现在S波达到之后;③同井并行观测的不同测项上,响应起始、结束或转折时间水位均早于水温;④响应起始时间与震中距的关系,当震中距相差比较大时,各测项起始时间随震中距的增大而延迟;⑤响应的曲线形态上,水位、水温大多表现为下降变化,并且同井观测的水位和水温在形态上很相似,具有很好的协调性特征,即同为上升或同为下降或同为振荡.通过对变化较稳定的响应过程进行曲线拟合分析,结果显示水位的响应曲线几乎均为3次曲线形态,而水温的响应曲线几乎均为对数形态.
The coseismic response characteristics of digital records of water level and water temperature caused by the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake are studied. The main results are as follows: ① The water level is more sensitive to earthquake than the water temperature,and the temperature of deep well water is more sensitive than that of shallow well. ② Whether water level or water temperature,their start time of coseismic response is later than the time of S-wave arriving at the observation station. ③ For different observation items from the same well,the initial change time of water level is earlier than that of water temperature. ④ The larger the epicenter distance,the later the appearance of coseismic response. ⑤ Most variations of water level and water temperature display a decrease trend,and the water level and water temperature from the same well often show consistent variation,i.e.,both being raised or lowered,or both fluctuating. For stable response process,almost all the variations of water level may be fitted with a cubic curve,and that of water temperature follows a logarithmic function.
The coseismic response characteristics of digital records of water level and water temperature caused by the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake are studied. The main results are as follows: ① The water level is more sensitive to earthquake than the water temperature,and the temperature of deep well water is more sensitive than that of shallow well. ② Whether water level or water temperature,their start time of coseismic response is later than the time of S-wave arriving at the observation station. ③ For different observation items from the same well,the initial change time of water level is earlier than that of water temperature. ④ The larger the epicenter distance,the later the appearance of coseismic response. ⑤ Most variations of water level and water temperature display a decrease trend,and the water level and water temperature from the same well often show consistent variation,i.e.,both being raised or lowered,or both fluctuating. For stable response process,almost all the variations of water level may be fitted with a cubic curve,and that of water temperature follows a logarithmic function.
引文
陈大庆,刘耀炜,杨选辉,刘永铭.2007.远场大震的水位、水温同震响应及其机理研究[J].地震地质,29(1):122-132.
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黄辅琼,迟恭财,徐桂明.2000.大陆地下流体对台湾南投7.6级地震的响应研究[J].地震,20(增刊):119-125.
刘耀炜,杨选辉,刘永铭.2005.地下流体对苏门答腊8.7级地震的响应特征[G]∥中国地震局监测预报司编.2004年印度尼西亚苏门答腊8.7级大地震及其对中国大陆地区的影响.北京:地震出版社:131-258.
石耀霖,曹建玲,马丽,尹宝军.2007.唐山井水温的同震变化及其物理解释[J].地震学报,29(5):265-273.
孙小龙,刘耀炜.2007.本溪自流井水位与水温同震变化关系研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,27(6):100-104.
孙小龙,刘耀炜.2008a.塔院井水位和水温的同震响应特征及其机理探讨[J].中国地震,24(2):105-115.
孙小龙,刘耀炜.2008b.苏门答腊8.5级地震引起的水温响应变化[J].华北地震科学,26(1)35-39.
孙小龙,刘耀炜,王博.2008.宾川井对印尼大震的同震响应特征及其机理解释[J].地震,28(3):69-78.
杨竹转,邓志辉,赵云旭.2005.云南思茅大寨井水位同震阶变的初步研究[J].地震学报,27(5):569-574.
杨竹转,邓志辉,陶京玲,谷圆珠,王志敏,刘成龙.2007.北京塔院井数字化观测水温的同震效应研究[J].地震学报,29(2):203-213.
杨竹转,邓志辉,刘春国,王桂清,祖金华,陶京玲,宋键.2008.中国大陆井水位与水温动态对汶川MS8.0级地震的同震响应特征分析[J].地震地质,20(4):895-905.
鱼金子,车用太,刘伍洲.1997.井水温度微动态形成的水动力学机制研究[J].地震,17(4):389-396.
Blanchard F B,Byerly P.1935.Astudy of a well gauge as a sismigraph[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,25(1):313-321.
Roeloffs E A.1998.Persistentwater level changesin a well near Parkfield California,due tolocal and distant earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,103(B1):869-889.
付子忠.1989.地热动态观测与地热前兆[G]∥国家地震局地壳应力所编.地壳构造与地壳应力文集.北京:地震出版社:1-7.
黄辅琼,迟恭财,徐桂明.2000.大陆地下流体对台湾南投7.6级地震的响应研究[J].地震,20(增刊):119-125.
刘耀炜,杨选辉,刘永铭.2005.地下流体对苏门答腊8.7级地震的响应特征[G]∥中国地震局监测预报司编.2004年印度尼西亚苏门答腊8.7级大地震及其对中国大陆地区的影响.北京:地震出版社:131-258.
石耀霖,曹建玲,马丽,尹宝军.2007.唐山井水温的同震变化及其物理解释[J].地震学报,29(5):265-273.
孙小龙,刘耀炜.2007.本溪自流井水位与水温同震变化关系研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,27(6):100-104.
孙小龙,刘耀炜.2008a.塔院井水位和水温的同震响应特征及其机理探讨[J].中国地震,24(2):105-115.
孙小龙,刘耀炜.2008b.苏门答腊8.5级地震引起的水温响应变化[J].华北地震科学,26(1)35-39.
孙小龙,刘耀炜,王博.2008.宾川井对印尼大震的同震响应特征及其机理解释[J].地震,28(3):69-78.
杨竹转,邓志辉,赵云旭.2005.云南思茅大寨井水位同震阶变的初步研究[J].地震学报,27(5):569-574.
杨竹转,邓志辉,陶京玲,谷圆珠,王志敏,刘成龙.2007.北京塔院井数字化观测水温的同震效应研究[J].地震学报,29(2):203-213.
杨竹转,邓志辉,刘春国,王桂清,祖金华,陶京玲,宋键.2008.中国大陆井水位与水温动态对汶川MS8.0级地震的同震响应特征分析[J].地震地质,20(4):895-905.
鱼金子,车用太,刘伍洲.1997.井水温度微动态形成的水动力学机制研究[J].地震,17(4):389-396.
Blanchard F B,Byerly P.1935.Astudy of a well gauge as a sismigraph[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,25(1):313-321.
Roeloffs E A.1998.Persistentwater level changesin a well near Parkfield California,due tolocal and distant earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,103(B1):869-889.
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