基于叠前反演的流体敏感属性实验研究及应用
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摘要
提取叠前地震振幅信息的叠前反演技术已成为储层预测的重要手段,其能获得各种岩石弹性参数,丰富储层预测方法.因目标储层的差异性,优选并建立有利的流体敏感参数对储层流体检测尤为重要.本文基于岩石物理实验,测量并分析了岩石弹性参数随流体饱和度的变化特征,进一步根据岩石物理理论建立组合流体敏感参数,达到对油气检测的最佳敏感效果.定义了流体敏感量,定量分析岩石弹性参数的流体敏感性.最后本文在X区块进行了叠前地震反演的应用,结果表明通过岩石物理实验分析并建立获得的流体敏感参数能明显的提高储层的识别能力.
The pre-stack inversion has become an important means of reservoir prediction,and it can get all kinds of rock elastic parameters,which enriched the reservoir prediction methods.Because of the difference of the target reservoirs,to select and establish good reservoirs sensitive parameters for reservoir prediction is particularly important.This paper,based on the rock physics experiment,measures and analyzes rock elastic parameters characteristics with the change of fluid saturation,farther more,according to rock physics theory,to establish combined fluid sensitive parameters,for getting the best effect of oil and gas detection.And it defines a fluid sensitive factor to quantitatively analyze fluid sensitivity of rock elastic parameters.At last,this paper makes pre-stack seismic inversion in an actual area,and the result shows that the fluid sensitive parameters obtained by the rock physics experiment analysis can obviously improve reservoir identification ability.
The pre-stack inversion has become an important means of reservoir prediction,and it can get all kinds of rock elastic parameters,which enriched the reservoir prediction methods.Because of the difference of the target reservoirs,to select and establish good reservoirs sensitive parameters for reservoir prediction is particularly important.This paper,based on the rock physics experiment,measures and analyzes rock elastic parameters characteristics with the change of fluid saturation,farther more,according to rock physics theory,to establish combined fluid sensitive parameters,for getting the best effect of oil and gas detection.And it defines a fluid sensitive factor to quantitatively analyze fluid sensitivity of rock elastic parameters.At last,this paper makes pre-stack seismic inversion in an actual area,and the result shows that the fluid sensitive parameters obtained by the rock physics experiment analysis can obviously improve reservoir identification ability.
引文
[1]Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.Rock Physics Hankbank.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998:51-55.
[2]Shuey R T.A simplification of the Zoeppritz equations.Geophysics,1985,50(4):609-614.
[3]Fatti J L,Vail P J,Smith G C,et al.Detection of gas insandstone reservoirs using AVO analysis:a 3-D seismic casehistory using the Geostack technique.Geophysics,1994,59(9):1362-1376.
[4]Castagna J P,Smith S W.Comparison of AVO indicators:Amodeling study.Geophysics,1994,59(12):1849-1855.
[5]Smith G C,Sutherland R A.The fluid factor as an AVOindicator.Geophysics,1996,61(5):1425-1428.
[6]Goodway B,Chen T,Downton J.Improved AVO fluiddetection and lithology discrimination using Lame petrophysicalparameters“λρ”,“μρ”&“λ/μ”from P and S inversion.SEGExpanded Abstracts,1997,16:183-186.
[7]Russell B H,Hedlin K,Hilterman F J,et al.Fluid-property discrimination with AVO:A Biot-Gassmannperspective.Geophysics,2003,68(1):29-39.
[8]邓继新,王尚旭,李生杰等.砂岩储层地震属性参数对孔隙流体的敏感性评价.石油学报,2006,27(6):55-59.Deng J X,Wang S X,Li S J,et al.Sensitivity evaluation ofseismic attribute parameters for sandstone reservoir to porefluid.Acta Petrolei Sinica(in Chinese),2006,27(6):55-59.
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[11]王东,张海澜,王秀明.部分饱和孔隙岩石中声波传播数值研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):524-532.Wang D,Zhang H L,Wang X M.A numerical study ofacoustic wave propagation in partially saturated poroelasticrock.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):524-532.
[12]云美厚,管志宁.储层条件下砂岩纵波和横波速度的理论计算.石油物探,2002,41(3):289-293.Yun M H,Guan Z N.The estimation of P and S-wavevelocities in sandstone under in-situ conditions.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2002,41(3):289-293.
[13]伍向阳,陈祖安,孙德明等.静水压力下砂岩孔隙度变化实验研究.地球物理学报,1995,38(S1):275-280.Wu X X,Chen Z A,Sun D M,et al.An experimental studyof changes of porosity of sandstones with pressure.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1995,38(S1):275-280.
[14]史謌,沈联蒂.根据波速-压力关系评价岩石岩性、物性的实验研究.地球物理学报,1990,33(2):212-219.Shi G,Shen L D.Evaluations of the lithological characterand physical property of rocks from the relation between wavevelocity and pressure-an experimental study.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1990,33(2):212-219.
[15]王大兴,辛可锋,李幼铭等.地层条件下砂岩含水饱和度对波速及衰减影响的实验研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):908-914.Wang D X,Xin K F,Li Y M,et al.An experimental studyof influence of water saturation on velocity and attenuation insandstone under stratum conditions.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2006,49(3):908-914.
[16]沈联蒂,史謌.岩性、含油气性、有效覆盖压力对纵-横波速度的影响.地球物理学报,1994,37(3):391-399.Shen L D,Shi G.Effect of lithologic character,petroleumand effective overburden pressure on compressional wave andshear.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1994,37(3):391-399.
[17]Wood A B.A Textbook of Sound.New York:TheMacMillan Co,1995,360-360.
[18]Gassmann F.Uber die elastizitat poroser medien.Vier.DerNater Gesellschaft,1951,96(1):1-23.
[2]Shuey R T.A simplification of the Zoeppritz equations.Geophysics,1985,50(4):609-614.
[3]Fatti J L,Vail P J,Smith G C,et al.Detection of gas insandstone reservoirs using AVO analysis:a 3-D seismic casehistory using the Geostack technique.Geophysics,1994,59(9):1362-1376.
[4]Castagna J P,Smith S W.Comparison of AVO indicators:Amodeling study.Geophysics,1994,59(12):1849-1855.
[5]Smith G C,Sutherland R A.The fluid factor as an AVOindicator.Geophysics,1996,61(5):1425-1428.
[6]Goodway B,Chen T,Downton J.Improved AVO fluiddetection and lithology discrimination using Lame petrophysicalparameters“λρ”,“μρ”&“λ/μ”from P and S inversion.SEGExpanded Abstracts,1997,16:183-186.
[7]Russell B H,Hedlin K,Hilterman F J,et al.Fluid-property discrimination with AVO:A Biot-Gassmannperspective.Geophysics,2003,68(1):29-39.
[8]邓继新,王尚旭,李生杰等.砂岩储层地震属性参数对孔隙流体的敏感性评价.石油学报,2006,27(6):55-59.Deng J X,Wang S X,Li S J,et al.Sensitivity evaluation ofseismic attribute parameters for sandstone reservoir to porefluid.Acta Petrolei Sinica(in Chinese),2006,27(6):55-59.
[9]尹川,顾汉明.AVO流体指示因子的敏感性分析.工程地球物理学报,2008,5(1):120-125.Yin C,Gu H M.The sensitivity analysis of AVO fluidfactors.Chinese J.Eng.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,5(1):120-125.
[10]李维新,史謌,王红等.岩石物理弹性参数规律研究.地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1380-1385.Li W X,Shi G,Wang H,et al.The study on therelationships of elastic properties of rock physics.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1380-1385.
[11]王东,张海澜,王秀明.部分饱和孔隙岩石中声波传播数值研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):524-532.Wang D,Zhang H L,Wang X M.A numerical study ofacoustic wave propagation in partially saturated poroelasticrock.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):524-532.
[12]云美厚,管志宁.储层条件下砂岩纵波和横波速度的理论计算.石油物探,2002,41(3):289-293.Yun M H,Guan Z N.The estimation of P and S-wavevelocities in sandstone under in-situ conditions.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2002,41(3):289-293.
[13]伍向阳,陈祖安,孙德明等.静水压力下砂岩孔隙度变化实验研究.地球物理学报,1995,38(S1):275-280.Wu X X,Chen Z A,Sun D M,et al.An experimental studyof changes of porosity of sandstones with pressure.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1995,38(S1):275-280.
[14]史謌,沈联蒂.根据波速-压力关系评价岩石岩性、物性的实验研究.地球物理学报,1990,33(2):212-219.Shi G,Shen L D.Evaluations of the lithological characterand physical property of rocks from the relation between wavevelocity and pressure-an experimental study.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1990,33(2):212-219.
[15]王大兴,辛可锋,李幼铭等.地层条件下砂岩含水饱和度对波速及衰减影响的实验研究.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):908-914.Wang D X,Xin K F,Li Y M,et al.An experimental studyof influence of water saturation on velocity and attenuation insandstone under stratum conditions.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2006,49(3):908-914.
[16]沈联蒂,史謌.岩性、含油气性、有效覆盖压力对纵-横波速度的影响.地球物理学报,1994,37(3):391-399.Shen L D,Shi G.Effect of lithologic character,petroleumand effective overburden pressure on compressional wave andshear.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1994,37(3):391-399.
[17]Wood A B.A Textbook of Sound.New York:TheMacMillan Co,1995,360-360.
[18]Gassmann F.Uber die elastizitat poroser medien.Vier.DerNater Gesellschaft,1951,96(1):1-23.
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