基于GIS的城镇建筑物易损性分析与应用研究
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摘要
利用城镇地籍数据信息,基于GIS软件进行建筑物易损性和居民安全风险分析与应用研究。通过对某县城中最具代表性的一个街坊建筑物的易损性分析和居民安全风险分析实例应用研究,重点讨论并实现了利用现有数字化地籍图、城镇地籍数据库及土地调查记录等信息;并结合建筑物震害损失评估模型和人员伤亡预测方法,完成不同结构类型的建筑物在不同地震烈度条件下的破坏造成的经济损失评估和人员伤亡程度的预测,对城市防灾减灾进行辅助决策支持与评估。
This paper makes analysis and application research of the buildings vulnerability and the citizens′ potential life safety.During the analysis process the unpredictable economic loss and residents′ safety caused by building vulnerability also discussed.The earthquake disaster analysis database is established using the GIS(geographic information system) technique,and combined with the system for disaster prevention and mitigation based on the GIS-tech.Firstly relevant building vulnerability analysis database is constructed,by the analysis of building vulnerability(mainly including building structure,height,area,cost and so forth).Then combing building earthquake disaster loss assessment model and casualty forecast method,we complete the economic loss evaluating and casualty foreseeing,which is based on the various constructions of buildings in different conditions of seismic intensity.Finally,an urban disaster prevention and mitigation decision support system is built.The object is to achieve a more scientific and accurate assistant decision making programming for urban disaster prevention and mitigation.
This paper makes analysis and application research of the buildings vulnerability and the citizens′ potential life safety.During the analysis process the unpredictable economic loss and residents′ safety caused by building vulnerability also discussed.The earthquake disaster analysis database is established using the GIS(geographic information system) technique,and combined with the system for disaster prevention and mitigation based on the GIS-tech.Firstly relevant building vulnerability analysis database is constructed,by the analysis of building vulnerability(mainly including building structure,height,area,cost and so forth).Then combing building earthquake disaster loss assessment model and casualty forecast method,we complete the economic loss evaluating and casualty foreseeing,which is based on the various constructions of buildings in different conditions of seismic intensity.Finally,an urban disaster prevention and mitigation decision support system is built.The object is to achieve a more scientific and accurate assistant decision making programming for urban disaster prevention and mitigation.
引文
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[6]李宗华.数字城市空间数据基础设施建设与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.Li Z H.Construction and Application of Digital CitySpatial Data Infrastructure[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2008.
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[13]陈肖磊,陈大克,李景文,等.GIS技术的研究现状及未来发展趋势[J].国土资源信息化,2007,(3):2-5.Chen X L,Chen D K,Li J W,et al.Research statusand development direction of GIS technology[J].Land and Resources Informatizition,2007,(3):2-5.
[14]Gamba P,Casciati F.GIS and image understandingfor near-real-time earthquake damage assessment[J].Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1998,(10):987-994.
[15]Jime′neza M J,Garci7a-Fema"ndeza M,Zonnob G,et al.Mapping soil effects in Barcelona,Spain,through an integrated GIS environment[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2000,(19):289-301.
[16]Miles S B,Keefer D,Nyerges.A case study in GIS-based environmental model validation usingearthquake-induced landslide hazard[C]∥Proceedingsof the 4thInternational Symposium on Spatial AccuracyAssessment in Natural Resources and EnvironmentalSciences.Amsterdam:Delft University Press,2000.203-225.
[17]Katuri A K,Sharifi M A,van Westen C.Urbanmapping and land use charactersation for riskassessment[C]∥The 2nd International Symposium onGeo-Information for Disaster Management Gi4DM:Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for Monitoringand Prediction of Disasters.Goa,India:[s.n.],2006.
[18]Martinelli A,Cifani G,Cialone G,et al.Buildingvulnerability assessment and damage scenarios inCelano(italy)using a quick survey data-basedmethodology[J].Soil Dynamics and EarthquakeEngineering,2008,(28):875-889.
[2]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.Hu Y X.Seismic Engineering[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2006.
[3]Ambraseys N N.Uniform magnitude re-evaluation ofEuropean earthquakes associated with strong-motionrecords[J].Earthquake Engineering StructureDynamics,1990,(19):1-20.
[4]尹之潜,杨淑文.地震损失分析与设防标准[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.Yin Zh Q,Yang Sh W.Earthquake Damage Analysisand Seismic Fortification Criterion[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2006.
[5]Jose′Badal,Miguel Va′Zquez-I Rads,A′Lvaro Gonza′Lez.Preliminary quantitative assessment ofearthquake casualties and damages[J].NaturalHazards,2005,(34):353-374.
[6]李宗华.数字城市空间数据基础设施建设与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.Li Z H.Construction and Application of Digital CitySpatial Data Infrastructure[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2008.
[7]李京,宫阿都.空间信息技术在城市防灾减灾及公共安全领域的应用[J].建设科技,2005,40(4):40-41.Li J,Gong A D.Application of spatial informationtechnique in urban disaster prevention and mitigationand public safety[J].Construction Science andTechnology,2005,40(4):40-41.
[8]Emmi P C,Horton C A.A GIS-based assessment ofearthquake property damage and casualty risk:SaltLake County,Utah[J].Earthquake Spectra,1993,(9):11-33.
[9]汤国安.ArcView地理信息系统空间分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.Tang G A.Spatial Analysis Method of ArcView GIS[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.
[10]阎正.城市地理信息系统标准化指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.Yan Zh.Direction of Urban GIS Standardization[M].Beijing:Science Press,1998.
[11]毛锋,沈小华,艾丽双.ArcGIS8开发与实践[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.Mao F,Shen X H,Ai L Sh.Development andPractice of ArcGIS 8[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.
[12]刘铁民.城市安全地理信息系统设计与开发[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.Liu T M.Urban Security GIS Design andDevelopment[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004.
[13]陈肖磊,陈大克,李景文,等.GIS技术的研究现状及未来发展趋势[J].国土资源信息化,2007,(3):2-5.Chen X L,Chen D K,Li J W,et al.Research statusand development direction of GIS technology[J].Land and Resources Informatizition,2007,(3):2-5.
[14]Gamba P,Casciati F.GIS and image understandingfor near-real-time earthquake damage assessment[J].Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1998,(10):987-994.
[15]Jime′neza M J,Garci7a-Fema"ndeza M,Zonnob G,et al.Mapping soil effects in Barcelona,Spain,through an integrated GIS environment[J].SoilDynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2000,(19):289-301.
[16]Miles S B,Keefer D,Nyerges.A case study in GIS-based environmental model validation usingearthquake-induced landslide hazard[C]∥Proceedingsof the 4thInternational Symposium on Spatial AccuracyAssessment in Natural Resources and EnvironmentalSciences.Amsterdam:Delft University Press,2000.203-225.
[17]Katuri A K,Sharifi M A,van Westen C.Urbanmapping and land use charactersation for riskassessment[C]∥The 2nd International Symposium onGeo-Information for Disaster Management Gi4DM:Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for Monitoringand Prediction of Disasters.Goa,India:[s.n.],2006.
[18]Martinelli A,Cifani G,Cialone G,et al.Buildingvulnerability assessment and damage scenarios inCelano(italy)using a quick survey data-basedmethodology[J].Soil Dynamics and EarthquakeEngineering,2008,(28):875-889.
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