中心频率法估算地层吸收参数
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摘要
本文针对储层含气性检测,提出了利用中心频率估算地层吸收参数(地层Q值)的方法。该方法首先利用S变换对地震信号进行时频域转换,得到能量分布函数;然后基于该函数,计算中心频率及其与地层Q值之间的关系,获得地层等效Q值,进而得到单套地层Q值。模型正演表明,含气层中心频率变小,在地层Q值参数剖面上表现为强吸收异常,从而验证了应用中心频率法估算地层Q值检测气层的可行性。将该方法应用于东营凹陷永安地区实际资料中,估算的地层Q值比较真实地反映了地层吸收特征,提高了气层检测的精度。
Aiming for gas-bearing formation identification,this paper presents a method for estimating stratigraphyic absorption parameter(Q value) by seismic signal central frequency.Firstly an energy distribution function can be obtained by a time-frequency transform on seismic signals with the S-transform.Then based on this function,the central frequency and the relation between the central frequency and the stratum Q value are calculated,and the equivalent strata Q value is obtained.And then the single formation Q value is work out.In the forward model,the central frequency of the gas-bearing formation becomes smaller than non-gas-bearing formations,and strong absorption are presented in the Q value profile.The phenomena make sure of the feasibility of the method in strata Q value estimation.The Q-value estimation by this method in Yong'an,Dongying Sag reveals the actuality of the absorption characteristics.
Aiming for gas-bearing formation identification,this paper presents a method for estimating stratigraphyic absorption parameter(Q value) by seismic signal central frequency.Firstly an energy distribution function can be obtained by a time-frequency transform on seismic signals with the S-transform.Then based on this function,the central frequency and the relation between the central frequency and the stratum Q value are calculated,and the equivalent strata Q value is obtained.And then the single formation Q value is work out.In the forward model,the central frequency of the gas-bearing formation becomes smaller than non-gas-bearing formations,and strong absorption are presented in the Q value profile.The phenomena make sure of the feasibility of the method in strata Q value estimation.The Q-value estimation by this method in Yong'an,Dongying Sag reveals the actuality of the absorption characteristics.
引文
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[2]张繁昌,李传辉,吴国忱等.地层吸收对弹性参数的影响和叠前QAVO反演.物探化探计算技术,2010,32(3):232～240Zhang Fanchang,Li Chuanhui,Wu Guochen et al.The effect of rock absorption on elastic parametersand pre-stack QAVO inversion.Computing Tech-niques for Geophysical and Geochemical Explora-tion,2010,32(3):232～240
[3]张会星,何兵寿,姜效典等.利用地震波在双相介质中的衰减特性检测油气.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(3):343～349Zhang Huixing,He Binshou,Jiang Xiaodian et al.U-tilizing attenuation characteristic of seismic wave indual-phase medium to detect oil and gas.OGP,2010,45(3):343～349
[4]张景业,贺振华,黄德济.地震波频率衰减梯度在油气预测中的应用.勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):207～211Zhang Jingye,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji.Applicationof frequency attenuation gradient in prediction of gasand oil potentials.Progress in Exploration Geophys-ics,2010,33(3):207～211
[5]苑书金,董宁,于常青.地震波衰减技术在鄂尔多斯盆地储层预测中的应用.石油物探,2006,45(2):182～185Yuan Shujin,Dong Ning,Yu Changqing.The applica-tion of seismic attenuation technology for reservoirprediction in Erdos basin.GPP,2006,45(2):182～185
[6]董宁,杨立强.基于小波变换的吸收衰减技术在塔河油田储层预测中的应用研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):533～538Dong Ning,Yang Liqiang.Application of absorptionand attenuation based on wavelet transform for pre-diction of reservoir in tahe oilfield.Progress in Ex-ploration Geophysics,2008,23(2):533～538
[7]Aki K and Richards P G.Quantitative Seismology.San Fransisco:I W H Freeman and Co,1980
[8]邹文,陈爱萍,贺振华等.基于S变换的地震相分析技术.石油物探,2006,45(1):48～51Zou Wen,Chen Aiping,He Zhenhua et al.Seismic fa-cies analysis based on S-transform.GPP,2006,45(1):48～51
[9]王小杰,印兴耀,吴国忱.基于叠前地震数据的地层Q值估计.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):423～428Wang Xiaojie,Yin Xingyao,Wu Guochen.Estimationof stratigraphic quality factors on pre-stack seismicdata.OGP,2011,46(3):423～428
[10]陈遵德.储层地震属性优化方法.北京:石油工业出版社,1998
[11]云美厚,丁伟.地震子波频率浅析.石油物探,2005,44(6):578～581Yun Meihou,Ding Wei.Analysis of seismic waveletfrequency.GPP,2005,44(6):578～581
[12]Hargreaves N D,Calvert A J.Inverse Q filtering byFourier transform.Geophysics,1991,56(4):519～527
[2]张繁昌,李传辉,吴国忱等.地层吸收对弹性参数的影响和叠前QAVO反演.物探化探计算技术,2010,32(3):232～240Zhang Fanchang,Li Chuanhui,Wu Guochen et al.The effect of rock absorption on elastic parametersand pre-stack QAVO inversion.Computing Tech-niques for Geophysical and Geochemical Explora-tion,2010,32(3):232～240
[3]张会星,何兵寿,姜效典等.利用地震波在双相介质中的衰减特性检测油气.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(3):343～349Zhang Huixing,He Binshou,Jiang Xiaodian et al.U-tilizing attenuation characteristic of seismic wave indual-phase medium to detect oil and gas.OGP,2010,45(3):343～349
[4]张景业,贺振华,黄德济.地震波频率衰减梯度在油气预测中的应用.勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(3):207～211Zhang Jingye,He Zhenhua,Huang Deji.Applicationof frequency attenuation gradient in prediction of gasand oil potentials.Progress in Exploration Geophys-ics,2010,33(3):207～211
[5]苑书金,董宁,于常青.地震波衰减技术在鄂尔多斯盆地储层预测中的应用.石油物探,2006,45(2):182～185Yuan Shujin,Dong Ning,Yu Changqing.The applica-tion of seismic attenuation technology for reservoirprediction in Erdos basin.GPP,2006,45(2):182～185
[6]董宁,杨立强.基于小波变换的吸收衰减技术在塔河油田储层预测中的应用研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):533～538Dong Ning,Yang Liqiang.Application of absorptionand attenuation based on wavelet transform for pre-diction of reservoir in tahe oilfield.Progress in Ex-ploration Geophysics,2008,23(2):533～538
[7]Aki K and Richards P G.Quantitative Seismology.San Fransisco:I W H Freeman and Co,1980
[8]邹文,陈爱萍,贺振华等.基于S变换的地震相分析技术.石油物探,2006,45(1):48～51Zou Wen,Chen Aiping,He Zhenhua et al.Seismic fa-cies analysis based on S-transform.GPP,2006,45(1):48～51
[9]王小杰,印兴耀,吴国忱.基于叠前地震数据的地层Q值估计.石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(3):423～428Wang Xiaojie,Yin Xingyao,Wu Guochen.Estimationof stratigraphic quality factors on pre-stack seismicdata.OGP,2011,46(3):423～428
[10]陈遵德.储层地震属性优化方法.北京:石油工业出版社,1998
[11]云美厚,丁伟.地震子波频率浅析.石油物探,2005,44(6):578～581Yun Meihou,Ding Wei.Analysis of seismic waveletfrequency.GPP,2005,44(6):578～581
[12]Hargreaves N D,Calvert A J.Inverse Q filtering byFourier transform.Geophysics,1991,56(4):519～527
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