声反射成像测井数据处理研究进展
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摘要
围绕国内外声反射成像测井的发展历史及近年研究成果论述波场分离、偏移叠加等方面在其数据处理中的研究进展。国外从最初的F-K滤波发展到现在的多种方法,主要是以线性预测理论为基础的分离方法。国内最新技术是以小波变换和STC方法结合的多尺度相关法。偏移成像方法主要集中在叠前偏移方面,广义Radon变换法、Kirchhoff偏移、F-K偏移、等效偏移距偏移均投入应用。地震数据处理的逆时偏移技术的引入是声反射测井成像技术的重要方向。偶极横波反射波有更高的探测深度和信噪比,具有一定的方位识别能力,不仅可以得到反射界面倾角,还可以判断界面走向。该方法的研究可以拓展多极子声波测井仪器的应用范围。利用相控阵技术进行声场定向辐射和接收的三维声反射测量方法的研究对未来三维数据处理提出了新的要求。
Acoustic reflection imaging logging is in the last decade has been broadly used to identify the interface of formation,structures and cracks near the borehole.The quality of the data processing is one of the key points for its successful application in the field.In this paper,we study the history and recent improvement of acoustic reflection imaging at home and abroad,and discuss the progress of the data processing methods in the separation,migration and stacking of wave field.Currently,the foreign researchers put their efforts mainly on the linear prediction theory developed in recent years,except this method,our domestic researchers employ the multi-scale correlation method which is based on wavelet transform and STC(Slowness Time Correlation) technology.The migration methods are mainly concentrated in the prestack migration,including the generalized Radon transform,Kirchhoff migration,F-K migration,equivalent offset migration.The introduction of reverse-time migration in seismic data processing is an important direction of imaging technology.In addition,it is a hot topic to employ the method of reflected shear wave extraction and imaging.The dipole S-wave reflection imaging has much better investigation depths and SNR with better azimuth recognition,which not only provides dips of the reflection interfaces and judges the interface trend,but also expands the use of multi-pole sonic logging tools.The phase control array technique is used to study the 3D sonic reflection survey radiated and received from directional sonic fields.And in this survey we need new and outstanding 3D log data processing methods.
Acoustic reflection imaging logging is in the last decade has been broadly used to identify the interface of formation,structures and cracks near the borehole.The quality of the data processing is one of the key points for its successful application in the field.In this paper,we study the history and recent improvement of acoustic reflection imaging at home and abroad,and discuss the progress of the data processing methods in the separation,migration and stacking of wave field.Currently,the foreign researchers put their efforts mainly on the linear prediction theory developed in recent years,except this method,our domestic researchers employ the multi-scale correlation method which is based on wavelet transform and STC(Slowness Time Correlation) technology.The migration methods are mainly concentrated in the prestack migration,including the generalized Radon transform,Kirchhoff migration,F-K migration,equivalent offset migration.The introduction of reverse-time migration in seismic data processing is an important direction of imaging technology.In addition,it is a hot topic to employ the method of reflected shear wave extraction and imaging.The dipole S-wave reflection imaging has much better investigation depths and SNR with better azimuth recognition,which not only provides dips of the reflection interfaces and judges the interface trend,but also expands the use of multi-pole sonic logging tools.The phase control array technique is used to study the 3D sonic reflection survey radiated and received from directional sonic fields.And in this survey we need new and outstanding 3D log data processing methods.
引文
[1]Hornby B E.Imaging of Near-borehole Structure UsingFull-waveform Sonic Data[J].Geophysics,1989,54(6):747-757.
[2]Esmersoy C,Chang C,Tichelaar B,et al.Acoustic Im-aging of Reservoir Structure from a Horizontal Well[J].The Leading Edge,1998,17(7):940-946.
[3]Coates R,Kane M,Chang C,et al.Single-well SonicImaging:High-definition Reservoir Cross-sections fromHorizontal Wells[C]∥SPE 65457 Presented at the2000 SPE/Petroleum Society of CIM InternationalConference on Horizontal Well Technology,Calgary,Alberta,2000,Nov.6-8.
[4]Patterson D,Tang X M,Ratigan J.High-resolutionBorehole Acoustic Imaging Through a Salt Dome[C]∥SEG Annual Meeting,Extended Abstracts,2008:319-323.
[5]柴细元,张文瑞,王贵清,等.远探测声波反射波成像测井技术在裂缝性储层评价中的应用[J].测井技术,2009,33(6):539-543.
[6]张承森,肖承文,刘兴礼,等.远探测声波测井在缝洞型碳酸盐岩储集层评价中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(3):325-328.
[7]Bolshakov A,Patterson D,Chun Lan.Deep FractureImaging Around the Wellbore Using Dipole AcousticLogging[C]∥SPE 146769Presented at the SPE An-nual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Denver,Col-orado,USA,2011,Oct.30-Nov.2.
[8]Pistre V,Kinoshita T,Endo T,et al.A ModularWireline Sonic Tool for Measurements of 3D(Azi-muthal,Radial,and Axial)Formation Acoustic Prop-erties[C]∥SPWLA 46th Annual Logging Symposium,New Orleans,Louisiana,United States,2005,June26-29.
[9]Li Y,Zhou R,Tang XM,et al.Single-well Imagingwith Acoustic Reflection Survey at Mounds,Oklaho-ma,USA[C]∥EAGE 64th Conference&Exhibition,Paper 141,Florence,Italy,2002,May.27-30.
[10]Zheng Y B,Tang XM.Imaging Near-borehole Struc-ture Using Acoustic Logging Data with Pre-stack F-KMigration[C]∥SEG 75th Annual Meeting,Houston,Expanded Abstracts,2005,360-363.
[11]Tang XM,Patterson D.Single-well S-wave Imaging U-sing Multicomponent Dipole Acoustic-Log Data[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCA211-WCA223.
[12]王乃星,苏华,刘文明,等.声波全波列测井中反射波成像分析[J].测井技术,1998,22(4):278-283.
[13]薛梅.远探测声波反射波测井方法研究和声系设计[D].北京:中国石油大学,2002.
[14]薛梅,楚泽涵,尹庆文,等.远探测声波反射波测井方法研究及声系设计方案[J].测井技术,2002,26(1):35-39.
[15]车小花.反射声波成像测井基础研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2003.
[16]车小花,乔文孝,阎相祯.反射声波成像测井的有限元模拟[J].应用声学,2004,23(6):1-4.
[17]乔文孝,车小花,李刚,等.反射声波成像测井的物理模拟[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):294-297.
[18]李长文,余春昊,赵旭东,等.反射波信息在裂缝储层评价中的应用[J].测井技术,2003,27(3):198-202.
[19]宋立军,马俊,王克协.超长源距声反射波测井数值模拟与远井界面成像[J].吉林大学学报:理学版,2004,42(4):586-590.
[20]何峰江.声反射成像测井仪器仿真及波形处理技术研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2005.
[21]魏周拓.反射声波测井数值与物理模拟研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2010.
[22]唐晓明,魏周拓.声波测井技术的重要进展:偶极横波远探测测井[J].应用声学,2012,31(1):10-17.
[23]乔文孝,鞠晓东,车小花,等.声波测井技术研究进展[J].测井技术,2011,35(1):14-19.
[24]Chang C,et al.Localized Maps of the Subsurface[J].Oilfield Review,1998,Spring:56-66.
[25]Yamamoto H,Haldorsen J,et al.Fracture ImagingFrom Sonic Reflections and Mode Conversion[C]∥SEG 69th Annual Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,1999:148.
[26]Yamamoto H,Watanabe S,Koelman J M,et al.Bore-hole Acoustic Reflection Survey Experiments in Hori-zontal Wells for Accurate Well Positioning[C]∥SPE65538Presented at the 2000SPE/Petroleum Society ofCIM International Conference on Horizontal WellTechnology,Calgary,Alberta,2000,Nov.6-8.
[27]Chabot L,Henley D C,Brown R J,et al.Single-wellImaging Using the Full Waveform of an Acoustic Sonic[C]∥SEG International Exposition and 71st AnnualMeeting,San Antonio,Texas,Expanded Abstracts,2001,Sept.9-14:420-423.
[28]Chabot L,Henley D C,Brown R J,et al.Single-wellSeismic Imaging Using Full Waveform Sonic Data:AnUpdate[C]∥SEG International Exposition and 72ndAnnual Meeting,Salt Lake City,Utah,2002,Oct.6-11.
[29]Tang X M.Imaging Near-borehole Structure Using Di-rectional Acoustic-wave Measurement[J].Geophysics,2004,69(6):1378-1386.
[30]Al Rougha H A B,et al.Integration of Microelectricaland Sonic Reflection Imaging Around the Borehole-off-shore UAE[C]∥International Petroleum TechnologyConference,Doha,Qatar,2005,Nov.21-23.
[31]Haldorsen J,Voskamp A,Thorsen R,et al.BoreholeAcoustic Reflection Survey for High Resolution Ima-ging[C]∥SEG 76th Annual Meeting,New Orleans,Expanded Abstracts,2006:314-318.
[32]Maia W,Rubio R,Junior F,et al.First Borehole Acous-tic Reflection Survey Mapping a Deepwater TurbiditeSand[C]∥EG 76th Annual Meeting,New Orleans,Expanded Abstracts,2006:1757-1761.
[33]Tang X M,Zheng Y,Patterson D.Processing ArrayAcoustic-logging Data to Image Near-borehole Geolog-ic Structures[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):E87-E97.
[34]Tang X M.Predictive Processing of Array AcousticWaveform Data[J].Geophysics,1997,62(6):1710-1714.
[35]Hirabayashi N,Leaney W,Haldorsen J.WavefieldSeparation for Borehole Acoustic Reflection SurveysUsing Parametric Inversion[C]∥SEG 78th AnnualMeeting,Las Vegas,Expanded Abstracts,2008:344-348.
[36]Hirabayashi N,Torii K,Yamamoto H,et al.FractureDetection Using Borehole Acoustic Reflection SurveyData[C]∥SEG 80th Annual Meeting,Denver,Ex-panded Abstracts,2010:523-527.
[37]Tao G,He F J,Yue W Z,et al.Processing of Arrayson-ic Logging Data with Multiscale STC Technique[J].Petroleum Science,2008,5(3):238-241.
[38]范宜仁,张文静,邓少贵,等.用多尺度慢度-时间相关法提取反射纵波的方法研究[J].测井技术,2010,34(3):219-222.
[39]王兵,陶果,王华,等.阵列声波测井中反射纵波和横波信号提取方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(2):57-63.
[40]魏周拓,陈雪莲,范宜仁,等.井旁裂缝的声场模拟及反射波提取方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(5):748-756.
[41]Tang X M,Glassman H,Patterson D.Single-well A-coustic Imaging in Anisotropic Formations[J].Geo-physics,2008,73(4):D11-D16.
[42]封从军,陶果,王兵,等.声反射成像测井高分辨率叠加方法研究[J].测井技术,2011,35(1):20-24.
[43]魏周拓,陈雪莲,范宜仁,等.井旁地质界面的反射波模拟及F-K偏移成像[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(36):9044-9047.
[44]Bancroft J C,Geiger H D,Margrave G F.The Equiva-lent Offset Method of Prestack Time Migration[J].Geophysics,1998,63(6):2042-2053.
[45]Zhang T X,Tao G,Li J J,et al.Application of the E-quivalent Offset Migration Method in Acoustic LogReflection Imaging[J].Applied Geophysics,2009,6(4):303-310.
[46]Zhu F P,Alexander D,Goossens P,et al.First SonicImaging AVA[C]∥SEG 77th Annual Meeting,SanAntonio,Expanded Abstracts,2007:303-307.
[47]张春燕,李振春,孙小东.逆时偏移方法技术进展综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(5):309-317.
[48]李宁.储层有效性评价与博士后有效成才——不同的问题,共同的进展[R].北京:中国石油大学地球物理与信息工程学院测井系2011年年终论文报告会,2011.
[2]Esmersoy C,Chang C,Tichelaar B,et al.Acoustic Im-aging of Reservoir Structure from a Horizontal Well[J].The Leading Edge,1998,17(7):940-946.
[3]Coates R,Kane M,Chang C,et al.Single-well SonicImaging:High-definition Reservoir Cross-sections fromHorizontal Wells[C]∥SPE 65457 Presented at the2000 SPE/Petroleum Society of CIM InternationalConference on Horizontal Well Technology,Calgary,Alberta,2000,Nov.6-8.
[4]Patterson D,Tang X M,Ratigan J.High-resolutionBorehole Acoustic Imaging Through a Salt Dome[C]∥SEG Annual Meeting,Extended Abstracts,2008:319-323.
[5]柴细元,张文瑞,王贵清,等.远探测声波反射波成像测井技术在裂缝性储层评价中的应用[J].测井技术,2009,33(6):539-543.
[6]张承森,肖承文,刘兴礼,等.远探测声波测井在缝洞型碳酸盐岩储集层评价中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(3):325-328.
[7]Bolshakov A,Patterson D,Chun Lan.Deep FractureImaging Around the Wellbore Using Dipole AcousticLogging[C]∥SPE 146769Presented at the SPE An-nual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Denver,Col-orado,USA,2011,Oct.30-Nov.2.
[8]Pistre V,Kinoshita T,Endo T,et al.A ModularWireline Sonic Tool for Measurements of 3D(Azi-muthal,Radial,and Axial)Formation Acoustic Prop-erties[C]∥SPWLA 46th Annual Logging Symposium,New Orleans,Louisiana,United States,2005,June26-29.
[9]Li Y,Zhou R,Tang XM,et al.Single-well Imagingwith Acoustic Reflection Survey at Mounds,Oklaho-ma,USA[C]∥EAGE 64th Conference&Exhibition,Paper 141,Florence,Italy,2002,May.27-30.
[10]Zheng Y B,Tang XM.Imaging Near-borehole Struc-ture Using Acoustic Logging Data with Pre-stack F-KMigration[C]∥SEG 75th Annual Meeting,Houston,Expanded Abstracts,2005,360-363.
[11]Tang XM,Patterson D.Single-well S-wave Imaging U-sing Multicomponent Dipole Acoustic-Log Data[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCA211-WCA223.
[12]王乃星,苏华,刘文明,等.声波全波列测井中反射波成像分析[J].测井技术,1998,22(4):278-283.
[13]薛梅.远探测声波反射波测井方法研究和声系设计[D].北京:中国石油大学,2002.
[14]薛梅,楚泽涵,尹庆文,等.远探测声波反射波测井方法研究及声系设计方案[J].测井技术,2002,26(1):35-39.
[15]车小花.反射声波成像测井基础研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2003.
[16]车小花,乔文孝,阎相祯.反射声波成像测井的有限元模拟[J].应用声学,2004,23(6):1-4.
[17]乔文孝,车小花,李刚,等.反射声波成像测井的物理模拟[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):294-297.
[18]李长文,余春昊,赵旭东,等.反射波信息在裂缝储层评价中的应用[J].测井技术,2003,27(3):198-202.
[19]宋立军,马俊,王克协.超长源距声反射波测井数值模拟与远井界面成像[J].吉林大学学报:理学版,2004,42(4):586-590.
[20]何峰江.声反射成像测井仪器仿真及波形处理技术研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2005.
[21]魏周拓.反射声波测井数值与物理模拟研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2010.
[22]唐晓明,魏周拓.声波测井技术的重要进展:偶极横波远探测测井[J].应用声学,2012,31(1):10-17.
[23]乔文孝,鞠晓东,车小花,等.声波测井技术研究进展[J].测井技术,2011,35(1):14-19.
[24]Chang C,et al.Localized Maps of the Subsurface[J].Oilfield Review,1998,Spring:56-66.
[25]Yamamoto H,Haldorsen J,et al.Fracture ImagingFrom Sonic Reflections and Mode Conversion[C]∥SEG 69th Annual Meeting,Expanded Abstracts,1999:148.
[26]Yamamoto H,Watanabe S,Koelman J M,et al.Bore-hole Acoustic Reflection Survey Experiments in Hori-zontal Wells for Accurate Well Positioning[C]∥SPE65538Presented at the 2000SPE/Petroleum Society ofCIM International Conference on Horizontal WellTechnology,Calgary,Alberta,2000,Nov.6-8.
[27]Chabot L,Henley D C,Brown R J,et al.Single-wellImaging Using the Full Waveform of an Acoustic Sonic[C]∥SEG International Exposition and 71st AnnualMeeting,San Antonio,Texas,Expanded Abstracts,2001,Sept.9-14:420-423.
[28]Chabot L,Henley D C,Brown R J,et al.Single-wellSeismic Imaging Using Full Waveform Sonic Data:AnUpdate[C]∥SEG International Exposition and 72ndAnnual Meeting,Salt Lake City,Utah,2002,Oct.6-11.
[29]Tang X M.Imaging Near-borehole Structure Using Di-rectional Acoustic-wave Measurement[J].Geophysics,2004,69(6):1378-1386.
[30]Al Rougha H A B,et al.Integration of Microelectricaland Sonic Reflection Imaging Around the Borehole-off-shore UAE[C]∥International Petroleum TechnologyConference,Doha,Qatar,2005,Nov.21-23.
[31]Haldorsen J,Voskamp A,Thorsen R,et al.BoreholeAcoustic Reflection Survey for High Resolution Ima-ging[C]∥SEG 76th Annual Meeting,New Orleans,Expanded Abstracts,2006:314-318.
[32]Maia W,Rubio R,Junior F,et al.First Borehole Acous-tic Reflection Survey Mapping a Deepwater TurbiditeSand[C]∥EG 76th Annual Meeting,New Orleans,Expanded Abstracts,2006:1757-1761.
[33]Tang X M,Zheng Y,Patterson D.Processing ArrayAcoustic-logging Data to Image Near-borehole Geolog-ic Structures[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):E87-E97.
[34]Tang X M.Predictive Processing of Array AcousticWaveform Data[J].Geophysics,1997,62(6):1710-1714.
[35]Hirabayashi N,Leaney W,Haldorsen J.WavefieldSeparation for Borehole Acoustic Reflection SurveysUsing Parametric Inversion[C]∥SEG 78th AnnualMeeting,Las Vegas,Expanded Abstracts,2008:344-348.
[36]Hirabayashi N,Torii K,Yamamoto H,et al.FractureDetection Using Borehole Acoustic Reflection SurveyData[C]∥SEG 80th Annual Meeting,Denver,Ex-panded Abstracts,2010:523-527.
[37]Tao G,He F J,Yue W Z,et al.Processing of Arrayson-ic Logging Data with Multiscale STC Technique[J].Petroleum Science,2008,5(3):238-241.
[38]范宜仁,张文静,邓少贵,等.用多尺度慢度-时间相关法提取反射纵波的方法研究[J].测井技术,2010,34(3):219-222.
[39]王兵,陶果,王华,等.阵列声波测井中反射纵波和横波信号提取方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(2):57-63.
[40]魏周拓,陈雪莲,范宜仁,等.井旁裂缝的声场模拟及反射波提取方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(5):748-756.
[41]Tang X M,Glassman H,Patterson D.Single-well A-coustic Imaging in Anisotropic Formations[J].Geo-physics,2008,73(4):D11-D16.
[42]封从军,陶果,王兵,等.声反射成像测井高分辨率叠加方法研究[J].测井技术,2011,35(1):20-24.
[43]魏周拓,陈雪莲,范宜仁,等.井旁地质界面的反射波模拟及F-K偏移成像[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(36):9044-9047.
[44]Bancroft J C,Geiger H D,Margrave G F.The Equiva-lent Offset Method of Prestack Time Migration[J].Geophysics,1998,63(6):2042-2053.
[45]Zhang T X,Tao G,Li J J,et al.Application of the E-quivalent Offset Migration Method in Acoustic LogReflection Imaging[J].Applied Geophysics,2009,6(4):303-310.
[46]Zhu F P,Alexander D,Goossens P,et al.First SonicImaging AVA[C]∥SEG 77th Annual Meeting,SanAntonio,Expanded Abstracts,2007:303-307.
[47]张春燕,李振春,孙小东.逆时偏移方法技术进展综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(5):309-317.
[48]李宁.储层有效性评价与博士后有效成才——不同的问题,共同的进展[R].北京:中国石油大学地球物理与信息工程学院测井系2011年年终论文报告会,2011.
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