近地表复杂结构下的静校正边界效应探讨
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摘要
在地震资料处理过程中,由于地形和低速带、降速带起伏变化,以及野外采集施工方法等因素的影响,应用初至波静校正方法计算静校正量,对炮点以外的检波点无法获取有效延迟时间及近地表模型,这就意味着不能得到准确的静校正量,在地震资料处理中产生边界效应。提出了在无炮点覆盖的检波点区域内,按照一定间隔的炮点距(需要参考表层厚度)增加激发点,弥补初至波静校正对边界延迟时间计算中的缺陷,提高复杂近地表结构模型的准确性,消除边界效应在地震资料处理中所产生的中、长波静校正量不准的现象,以最大限度地满足精细勘探需求。
In seismic data processing,the effective delay time and near-surface model in receiver without shot are hardly received when computing the static correction from first arrival reflection due to relief variation of landform,low-velocity layer and subweathered layer as well as influence of field acquisition and operating methods.This means that the uncorrected static corrections may cause edge effect.This paper suggests that in receiver area without shot coverage,such a method can farthest meet the requirement for fine seismic prospecting as increasing shot point by some-interval shooting distance(need to refer to the surface layer thickness) in order to remedy the edge delay time defects in first arrival reflection computation,thus enhancing the accuracy of complex near-surface structural model,eliminating the improper medium-long wave static correction phenomenon caused by the edge effect in seismic data processing.
In seismic data processing,the effective delay time and near-surface model in receiver without shot are hardly received when computing the static correction from first arrival reflection due to relief variation of landform,low-velocity layer and subweathered layer as well as influence of field acquisition and operating methods.This means that the uncorrected static corrections may cause edge effect.This paper suggests that in receiver area without shot coverage,such a method can farthest meet the requirement for fine seismic prospecting as increasing shot point by some-interval shooting distance(need to refer to the surface layer thickness) in order to remedy the edge delay time defects in first arrival reflection computation,thus enhancing the accuracy of complex near-surface structural model,eliminating the improper medium-long wave static correction phenomenon caused by the edge effect in seismic data processing.
引文
[1]郑鸿明,娄兵,蒋在超.复杂地貌区地震资料处理中的静校正方法[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(3):214-216.
[2]刘治凡,毛海波,邵雨,等.复杂地表区基准面和静校正方法的选择[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):240-247.
[3]郑鸿明,吕焕通,娄兵,等.地震勘探近地表异常校正[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009:7-10.
[4]郑鸿明,赵峰,常玉蓉.近似层替换的基准面静校正方法[J].新疆地质,2004,22(1):111-114.
[5]冯泽元,李培明,唐海忠,等.利用层析反演技术解决山地复杂区静校正问题[J].石油物探,2005,44(3):284-287.
[6]成谷,马在田,张宝金,等.地震层析成像中存在的主要问题及应对策略[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):512-518.
[2]刘治凡,毛海波,邵雨,等.复杂地表区基准面和静校正方法的选择[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):240-247.
[3]郑鸿明,吕焕通,娄兵,等.地震勘探近地表异常校正[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009:7-10.
[4]郑鸿明,赵峰,常玉蓉.近似层替换的基准面静校正方法[J].新疆地质,2004,22(1):111-114.
[5]冯泽元,李培明,唐海忠,等.利用层析反演技术解决山地复杂区静校正问题[J].石油物探,2005,44(3):284-287.
[6]成谷,马在田,张宝金,等.地震层析成像中存在的主要问题及应对策略[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3):512-518.
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