土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸地区断裂特征及其控藏作用
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摘要
钻井和地震剖面解释资料表明,土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸地区发育了早期基底正断层、晚期盐下逆冲断层与盐上走滑断层及长期活动断层。早期基底正断层是由海西-印支伸展构造运动形成的,发育在古隆起构造带边缘;晚期盐下逆冲断层与盐上走滑断层是喜马拉雅挤压构造运动形成的,发育在盐膏岩厚度大、挤压应力强的地区;长期活动断层是早期基底正断层在喜马拉雅期挤压构造运动中继续活动形成的,发育在盐膏岩厚度薄、挤压应力弱的地区。早期基底断裂控制了烃源岩的分布,晚期盐上断裂未破坏盐膏岩盖层保存条件,晚期盐下断裂提供了圈闭条件,长期活动断裂破坏了盐膏岩盖层保存条件,对油气聚集不利。
It was shown from drilling data and seismic profile interpretation information that in Amu Darya right bank area in Turkmenistan,there existed the early basement normal faults formed by Hercynian-Indosinian expanding movements and found in the margin of the paleo-uplift structural zone;the late subsalt thrust faults and up-salt strike-slip faults formed by Himalayan compressional movement and found in the area with thick salt gypsum rock and big compressive stress,and the long-term active faults which were formed by continuous activities of the early basement normal faults in the process of Himalayan compressional movement and found in the area with thin salt gypsum and weak compressive stress.It is concluded that the distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks is controlled by the early basement faults;the conditions of salt gypsum cap rock preservation have not been damaged by the late up-salt faults;it is the late subsalt fault that provides the conditions for forming trap rocks;the long-term active faults may result in damages of preservation conditions for salt gypsum trap rocks,which are unfavorable for the hydrocarbon accumulation in this area.
It was shown from drilling data and seismic profile interpretation information that in Amu Darya right bank area in Turkmenistan,there existed the early basement normal faults formed by Hercynian-Indosinian expanding movements and found in the margin of the paleo-uplift structural zone;the late subsalt thrust faults and up-salt strike-slip faults formed by Himalayan compressional movement and found in the area with thick salt gypsum rock and big compressive stress,and the long-term active faults which were formed by continuous activities of the early basement normal faults in the process of Himalayan compressional movement and found in the area with thin salt gypsum and weak compressive stress.It is concluded that the distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks is controlled by the early basement faults;the conditions of salt gypsum cap rock preservation have not been damaged by the late up-salt faults;it is the late subsalt fault that provides the conditions for forming trap rocks;the long-term active faults may result in damages of preservation conditions for salt gypsum trap rocks,which are unfavorable for the hydrocarbon accumulation in this area.
引文
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[3]安作相.中亚含油气地区[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:41-216.
[4]刘洛夫,朱毅秀.滨里海盆地及中亚地区油气地质特征[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007:148-212.
[5]СоловьевНН,КузьминовВА,СалинаЛС.ПерспективыпоисковскопленийгазавЮжныхрайонахТуранскойплиты[J].Геологиянефтиигаза,1996:15-19.
[6]БабаквАГ,СимонекоАН,БабаквГА.Формацииюрскихпалеоседиментационныхбассейновузбекистанаиихнефтегазоность[M].Ташкент:ИздательствоУзбекскойССР,1990:6-235.
[7]贾承造,杨树锋,陈汉林,等.特提斯北缘盆地群构造地质与天然气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:18-38.
[8]张志伟,何永垚,王春生,等.中亚地区阿姆河盆地查尔朱、布哈拉阶地构造特征及演化[J].海相油气地质,2010,15(4):48-56.
[9]Erickson S G.Influence of mechanical stratigraphy on foldingvs faulting[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1996,18(4):443-450.
[10]Harrison J C.Tectonics and kinematics of a foreland foldedbelt influenced by salt,Arctic Canada[C]//Jackson M P A,Roberts D G,Snelson S,et al.Salt tectonics:a global per spective.AAPG Memoir,1995,65:379-412.
[11]Stewart S A.Influence of detachment layer thickness onstyle of thin skinned shortening[J].Journal of StructuralGeology,1996,18(10):1 271-1 274.
[12]张永波,高宇慧,马世忠,等.反向正断层在松辽盆地南部油气聚集中的作用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(5):59-64.
[13]吴杯钢,李秀生,王成云,等.南图尔盖盆地原油成因与油气运聚关系[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(4):509-512.
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