准噶尔盆地南缘中下侏罗统烃源岩评价及排烃特征
摘要
准噶尔盆地南缘钻到中下侏罗统烃源岩的探井较少,对其资源潜力认识不足.通过对单井地质地化、地震反演、沉积相和构造埋深等资料的综合分析,预测了烃源岩厚度、有机质丰度和有机质类型等的平面分布,采用生烃潜力法建立了中下侏罗统烃源岩的排烃模式,评价了其资源潜力,认为准噶尔盆地南缘下部成藏组合的油气具有重大勘探价值.结果表明:中下侏罗统烃源岩分布面积广、厚度大和有机质丰度较高,有机质类型以Ⅲ型和Ⅱ2型为主,处于成熟-高成熟演化阶段.泥岩和煤层的排烃门限对应镜质组反射率均为0.7%.烃源岩自白垩纪末期进入大量排烃期,在新近纪至现今阶段排烃量最大.总排烃量和远景资源量分别为140.27Gt和12.54Gt,其中石油与天然气的远景资源量分别为10.52Gt和2.28Tm3.综合分析认为,准噶尔盆地南缘中下侏罗统烃源岩排烃量大,为晚期排烃,具有良好的资源前景.
There are a few exploration wells drilled through the Middle-Lower Jurassic source rock in the southern margin of Junggar basin.Thus,it is difficult to understand the resource potential.Based on the comprehensive analysis of geological and geochemical characteristics of single well,seismic inversion,sedimentary facies,tectonic burial depth,etc.,this paper predicts the horizontal distributions of the following aspects: the thickness of source rock,abundance and type of organic matter,etc.Further,utilizing the method of hydrocarbon generation potential establishes the hydrocarbon expulsion models of the Middle-Lower Jurassic source rock.Besides,this research evaluates the resource potential.Because of that,it is safe to conclude that it is of great significance to explore the lower oil and gas assemblage in the southern margin of Junggar basin.The results show that,source rocks in the Middle-Lower Jurassic distribute widely,with huge thickness and relatively high abundance of organic matter;the main types of organic matter are mainly III and II2 which are in the mature-high mature evolution stage.The vitrinite reflectance,which is corresponding to hydrocarbon-expulsion threshold of mudstone and coal seam,is 0.7%.The source rocks began to enter into hydrocarbon expulsion period in the late Cretaceous,and peak value of the hydrocarbon expulsion is from Neogene to present.The total quantities of hydrocarbon expulsion and perspective resources are 140.27 Gt and 12.54 Gt,respectively.Specifically,the oil resources is 10.52 Gt,and the gas resources is 2.28 Tm3.In general,source rocks in the Middle-Lower Jurassic have expulsed large amounts of hydrocarbons,and the source rocks expelled hydrocarbon in the late period,indicating a promising resource prospect.
There are a few exploration wells drilled through the Middle-Lower Jurassic source rock in the southern margin of Junggar basin.Thus,it is difficult to understand the resource potential.Based on the comprehensive analysis of geological and geochemical characteristics of single well,seismic inversion,sedimentary facies,tectonic burial depth,etc.,this paper predicts the horizontal distributions of the following aspects: the thickness of source rock,abundance and type of organic matter,etc.Further,utilizing the method of hydrocarbon generation potential establishes the hydrocarbon expulsion models of the Middle-Lower Jurassic source rock.Besides,this research evaluates the resource potential.Because of that,it is safe to conclude that it is of great significance to explore the lower oil and gas assemblage in the southern margin of Junggar basin.The results show that,source rocks in the Middle-Lower Jurassic distribute widely,with huge thickness and relatively high abundance of organic matter;the main types of organic matter are mainly III and II2 which are in the mature-high mature evolution stage.The vitrinite reflectance,which is corresponding to hydrocarbon-expulsion threshold of mudstone and coal seam,is 0.7%.The source rocks began to enter into hydrocarbon expulsion period in the late Cretaceous,and peak value of the hydrocarbon expulsion is from Neogene to present.The total quantities of hydrocarbon expulsion and perspective resources are 140.27 Gt and 12.54 Gt,respectively.Specifically,the oil resources is 10.52 Gt,and the gas resources is 2.28 Tm3.In general,source rocks in the Middle-Lower Jurassic have expulsed large amounts of hydrocarbons,and the source rocks expelled hydrocarbon in the late period,indicating a promising resource prospect.
引文
①王绪龙,杨海波,况军,等.准噶尔盆地第三次油气资源评价,2000.
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[1]贾承造,魏国齐,李本亮,等.中国中西部两期前陆盆地的形成及其控气作用[J].石油学报,2003,24(2):13-17.JIA Cheng-zao,WEI Guo-qi,LI Ben-liang,et al.Tec-tonic evolution of two-epoch foreland basins and its control for natural gas accumulation in China′s mid-western areas[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(2):13-17.
[2]宋岩,赵孟军,柳少波,等.中国前陆盆地油气富集规律[J].地质论评,2006,52(1):85-92.SONG Yan,ZHAO Meng-jun,LIU Shao-bo,et al.Oil and gas accumulation of foreland basins in China[J].Geological Review,2006,52(1):85-92.
[3]康竹林,翟光明.中国的前陆盆地与油气聚集[J].石油学报,1995,16(4):1-7.KANG Zhu-lin,ZHAI Guang-ming.Foreland basins and their hydrocarbon potential in China[J].Acta Pe-trolei Sinica,1995,16(4):1-7.
[4]李耀华.准噶尔盆地南缘天然气成藏模式及勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2001,21(4):27-31.LI Yao-hua.Natural gas pool formation models and exploration direction in south Junggar basin[J].Nat-ural Gas Industry,2001,21(4):27-31.
[5]杨建业,任德贻,代世峰,等.吐哈与准噶尔盆地J煤系有机相及生气性研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2001,30(1):67-72.YANG Jian-ye,REN De-yi,DAI Shi-feng,et al.Or-ganic facies and their gas generating potentials of the Jurassic coal measures in Turpan Hami and Junggar basins[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2001,30(1):67-72.
[6]况军,贾希玉.喜马拉雅运动与准噶尔盆地南缘油气成藏[J].新疆石油地质,2005,6(2):129-133.KUANG Jun,JIA Xi-yu.Relationship between Hima-layan movement and hydrocarbon accumulation in southern margin of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petro-leum Geology,2005,26(2):129-133.
[7]达江,宋岩,柳少波,等.准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带油气成藏组合及控制因素[J].石油实验地质,2007,29(4):355-360.DA Jiang,SONG Yan,LIU Shao-bo,et al.Hydrocar-bon play and controlling factors in fold-thrust belt of the southern Junggar foreland basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2007,29(4):355-360.
[8]魏东涛,赵应成,阿不力米提,等.准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带油气成藏差异性分析[J].高校地质学报,2010,16(3):339-350.WEI Dong-tao,ZHAO Ying-cheng,ABULIMITI,et al.Difference of hydrocarbon accumulation in the foreland thrust-fold belt of the southern Junggar ba-sin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2010,16(3):339-350.
[9]王金琪.准噶尔盆地准南坳陷侏罗系含气潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5):496-512.WANG Jin-qi.Gas potential of Jurassic in southern Junggar depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,25(5):496-512.
[10]常迈,刘震,梁全胜,等.准噶尔盆地阜东斜坡带中上侏罗统岩性圈闭形成条件及成藏主控因素分析[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(6):20-23.CHANG Mai,LIU Zhen,LIANG Quan-sheng,et al.Forming conditions and main controlling factors of the Middle-Upper Jurassic lithologic traps on EastFukang Slope,Jungar basin[J].Journal of Xi′an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2007,22(6):20-23.
[11]雷德文,唐勇,常秋生.准噶尔盆地南缘深部优质储集层及有利勘探领域[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(4):435-438.LEI De-wen,TANG Yong,CHANG Qiu-sheng.The deep and relatively high-quality clastic reservoir bodies and favorable exploration areas in Southern Margin of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(4):435-438.
[12]雷德文,张健,陈能贵,等.准噶尔盆地南缘下组合成藏条件与大油气田勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2012,32(2):16-22.LEI De-wen,ZHANG Jian,CHEN Neng-gui,et al.Conditions for gas pooling in the lower assemblage in the southern margin of the Junggar basin and the exploration prospect of large hydrocarbon fields[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(2):16-22.
[13]孔祥星.准噶尔盆地南缘西部山前断褶带油源分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):13-418.KONG Xiang-xing.Oil source of foothill fault-fold structural belt in western part of the southern mar-gin,Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(4):413-418.
[14]王屿涛.准噶尔盆地南缘油气资源潜力和富集规律[J].中国石油勘探,2000,5(1):49-51.WANG Yu-tao.Oil and gas resource potential and a-bundance law on southern periphery of Junggar ba-sin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2000,5(1):49-51.
[15]吴小奇,黄士鹏,廖凤蓉,等.准噶尔盆地南缘天然气地球化学特征及来源[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(2):224-232.WU Xiao-qi,HUANG Shi-peng,LIAO Feng-rong,et al.Geochemical characteristics and sources of natural gas from the south margin of Junggar basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(2):224-232.
[16]李学义,邵雨,李天明.准噶尔盆地南缘三个油气成藏组合研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(6):32-34.LI Xue-yi,SHAO Yu,LI Tian-ming.Three oil-res-ervoir combinations in south marginal of Jungar Ba-sin,northwest China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(6):32-34.
[17]TISSOT B,DURAND,ESPITALIE J,et al.Influ-ence of nature and diagenesis of organic matter[J].AAPG Bulletin,1974,58(3):499-506.
[18]庞雄奇,邱楠生,姜振学.油气成藏定量模拟[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005:151-153.
[19]卢双舫,刘晓艳.干酪根类型数值化的再探讨[J].大庆石油学院学报,1993,17(增刊):29-33.LU Shuang-fang,LIU Xiao-yan.Further probing in-to digitalizaton of kerogen types[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1993,17(supp):29-33.
[20]TISSOT B P,WELTE D H.Petroleum formation and occurrence[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1984:61-86.
[21]刚文哲,林壬子.应用油气地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:198-204.
[22]邬立言,顾信章.热解技术在我国生油岩研究中的应用[J].石油学报,1986,7(2):13-19.WU Li-yan,GU Xin-zhang.The application of pyrol-ysis technique in source rock research[J].Acta Pe-trolei Sinica,1986,7(2):13-19.
[23]庞雄奇.排烃门限控油气理论与应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995:1-270.
[24]周杰,庞雄奇.一种生、排烃量计算方法探讨与应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(1):24-27.ZHOU Jie,PANG Xiong-qi.A method for calculat-ing the quantity of hydrocarbon generation and ex-pulsion[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2002,29(1):24-27.
[25]姜福杰,庞雄奇,姜振学,等.渤海海域沙三段烃源岩评价及排烃特征[J].石油学报,2010,31(6):906-912.JIANG Fu-jie,PANG Xiong-qi,JIANG Zhen-xue,et al.The quality evaluation and hydrocarbon-expulsioncharacters of source rocks in the3rd member of Sha-hejie Formation in the Bohai sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(6):906-912.
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