强屏蔽层下弱反射储层特征分析及识别方法
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摘要
在地震资料解释中,传统描述强屏蔽层之下薄储层的方法是开一时窗提取属性,直接进行储层描述和预测。但由于强屏蔽层的覆盖作用,传统方法的解释结果不能突出下伏弱反射信息,储层预测效果受到较大影响。以五号桩油田沙二段隐蔽油气藏为例,分析T2强屏蔽层的地质成因,即沙一段底部存在1个致密的生物灰岩地层,构造上又是1个不整合,再根据声波测井和录井资料,制作正演模型,从地球物理机制上认证该结论。在强屏蔽层机理分析的基础上,提出了基于多子波分解重构理论的强屏蔽层剥离技术,并进行了模型试验和实际资料应用。研究结果表明,T2强屏蔽层剥离后提取的地震属性,能较好地反映储层的含油气分布,提高下伏目标层的预测精度,为此类隐蔽油气藏的勘探找到了1种新的途径。
Traditional description and prediction of a thin reservoir under a strong shielding layer are directly carried out by extracting seismic attributes from a time window in seismic interpretation.However due to the coverage of the strong shielding layer,the interpreted result with the traditional method could not highlight the weak reflecting signals from the underlying layer,thus greatly affected the prediction result.In this paper,a subtle reservoir in Es2 of WHZ oilfield was taken as an example to analyze the geologic genesis of the T2 strong shielding layer and it was concluded that there was a consolidated biogenic limestone formation at the bottom of Es1 and the structure was unconformable.Then a forward model was established based on acoustic logging and mud logging data to confirm this conclusion in terms of geophysics.Finally,the technology of removing the strong shielding layer based on the theory of multi-wavelet decomposition and reconstruction was proposed and used in both simulation test and practice.The study results indicated that the seismic attributes extracted after removing the T2 strong shielding layer could better reflect hydrocarbon distribution in the reservoir,improve the prediction accuracy of the underlying target stratum and provide a new way to find such subtle reservoirs.
Traditional description and prediction of a thin reservoir under a strong shielding layer are directly carried out by extracting seismic attributes from a time window in seismic interpretation.However due to the coverage of the strong shielding layer,the interpreted result with the traditional method could not highlight the weak reflecting signals from the underlying layer,thus greatly affected the prediction result.In this paper,a subtle reservoir in Es2 of WHZ oilfield was taken as an example to analyze the geologic genesis of the T2 strong shielding layer and it was concluded that there was a consolidated biogenic limestone formation at the bottom of Es1 and the structure was unconformable.Then a forward model was established based on acoustic logging and mud logging data to confirm this conclusion in terms of geophysics.Finally,the technology of removing the strong shielding layer based on the theory of multi-wavelet decomposition and reconstruction was proposed and used in both simulation test and practice.The study results indicated that the seismic attributes extracted after removing the T2 strong shielding layer could better reflect hydrocarbon distribution in the reservoir,improve the prediction accuracy of the underlying target stratum and provide a new way to find such subtle reservoirs.
引文
[1]梁富康,于兴河,工淑丽.隐蔽油气藏的分类特点及勘探技术研究[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2011,13(1):13-16.
[2]王志,贺振华,黄德济,等.高速屏蔽层下弱反射层地震勘探———广角反射[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(5):23-27.
[3]李可恩,贺振华,黄德济.高速屏蔽层下弱反射界面的PS转换波勘探[J].油气地球物理,2007,5(2):21-24.
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[6]叶泰然,张虹,唐建明.深层裂缝性致密碎屑岩气藏高效储渗区识别———以川西新场气田上三叠统须家河组气藏为例[J].天然气工业,2009,29(11):22-26.
[7]刘文岭,牛彦良,李刚.多信息储层预测地震属性提取与有效性分析方法[J].石油物探,2002,41(1):100-106.
[8]吴永红,王朝安,冯斌,等.五号桩洼陷沙二段隐蔽油藏成藏规律研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003,25(3):33-35.
[9]张学芳,冯德永,吴笑荷.五号桩洼陷沙二段储层叠前地震识别[J].油气地球物理,2010,8(4):38-43.
[10]Lilly J,Park J.Multiwavelet spectral and polarization a-nalysis of seismic records[J].Geophysical Journal Inter-national,1995,122(3):1001-1021.
[11]Ping An.Application of multi-wavelet seismic trace de-composition and reconstruction to seismic data interpreta-tion and reservoir characterization[C].SEG/New Orle-ans Annual Meeting,2006:973-977.
[12]Ping An.Case studies on stratigraphic interpretation andsand mapping using volume-based seismic waveformdecomposition[C].SEG/New Orleans Annual Meeting,2006:496-499.
[13]李曙光,徐天吉,唐建明,等.基于频率域小波的地震信号多子波分解及重构[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(6):675-679.
[14]徐天吉,沈忠民,文雪康.多子波分解与重构技术应用研究[J].成都理工大学学报,2010,37(6):660-665.
[2]王志,贺振华,黄德济,等.高速屏蔽层下弱反射层地震勘探———广角反射[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(5):23-27.
[3]李可恩,贺振华,黄德济.高速屏蔽层下弱反射界面的PS转换波勘探[J].油气地球物理,2007,5(2):21-24.
[4]王根照.非单一岩性地层中的弱反射[J].石油地球物理勘探,1991,26(3):133-141,146.
[5]韩文功,张军华.弱反射地震信号特征及识别方法理论研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):232-236.
[6]叶泰然,张虹,唐建明.深层裂缝性致密碎屑岩气藏高效储渗区识别———以川西新场气田上三叠统须家河组气藏为例[J].天然气工业,2009,29(11):22-26.
[7]刘文岭,牛彦良,李刚.多信息储层预测地震属性提取与有效性分析方法[J].石油物探,2002,41(1):100-106.
[8]吴永红,王朝安,冯斌,等.五号桩洼陷沙二段隐蔽油藏成藏规律研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003,25(3):33-35.
[9]张学芳,冯德永,吴笑荷.五号桩洼陷沙二段储层叠前地震识别[J].油气地球物理,2010,8(4):38-43.
[10]Lilly J,Park J.Multiwavelet spectral and polarization a-nalysis of seismic records[J].Geophysical Journal Inter-national,1995,122(3):1001-1021.
[11]Ping An.Application of multi-wavelet seismic trace de-composition and reconstruction to seismic data interpreta-tion and reservoir characterization[C].SEG/New Orle-ans Annual Meeting,2006:973-977.
[12]Ping An.Case studies on stratigraphic interpretation andsand mapping using volume-based seismic waveformdecomposition[C].SEG/New Orleans Annual Meeting,2006:496-499.
[13]李曙光,徐天吉,唐建明,等.基于频率域小波的地震信号多子波分解及重构[J].石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(6):675-679.
[14]徐天吉,沈忠民,文雪康.多子波分解与重构技术应用研究[J].成都理工大学学报,2010,37(6):660-665.
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