煤矿井下槽波三维数值模拟及频散分析
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摘要
采用交错网格高阶有限差分法编制了地震波场三维正演模拟软件,设计了基于镜像法原理处理煤矿井下近水平和起伏巷道特殊空间的算法;模拟了煤矿井下含巷道和不含巷道情况下煤层中传播的地震波场,并分析其频散特征.结果发现:由于巷道的影响,巷道壁上产生很强的巷道振型槽波,煤层中则出现了以Love型为主的槽波,据此分析了实际槽波记录的形成机理,研究结果对今后煤矿井下巷道地震超前探测和工作面弹性波透视等具有重要的理论意义和实际价值.
The staggered-grid high-order finite difference method is used in developing of a 3-D seismic wavefield forward modeling software.Based on the principle of image method,the algorithm is designed to process the special spaces of subhorizontal and undulate roadway in underground coal mine.The seismic wave fields of 3-D coal seam models with and without roadway are simulated and dispersion characteristics are analyzed.It is found that strong roadway-type waves appear in the roadway wall and in-seam waves mainly of Love type appear in the coal seam.According to the simulation,we have analyzed the forming mechanism of practical in-seam wave records.The result has important theoretical significance and actual value for future seismic roadway probing ahead and coal working face perspective of elastic wave in underground coal mine.
The staggered-grid high-order finite difference method is used in developing of a 3-D seismic wavefield forward modeling software.Based on the principle of image method,the algorithm is designed to process the special spaces of subhorizontal and undulate roadway in underground coal mine.The seismic wave fields of 3-D coal seam models with and without roadway are simulated and dispersion characteristics are analyzed.It is found that strong roadway-type waves appear in the roadway wall and in-seam waves mainly of Love type appear in the coal seam.According to the simulation,we have analyzed the forming mechanism of practical in-seam wave records.The result has important theoretical significance and actual value for future seismic roadway probing ahead and coal working face perspective of elastic wave in underground coal mine.
引文
[1]刘天放,潘冬明,李德春等.槽波地震勘探.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994.Liu T F,Pan D M,Li D C.In-Seam Seismic Exploration(inChinese).Xuzhou:China University of Mining and TechnologyPress,1994.
[2]Korn M,Stckl H.Reflection and transmission of Lovechannel waves at coal seam discontinuities computed with afinite difference method.J.Geophys.,1982,50:171-176.
[3]Edwards S A,Asten M W,Drake L A.P-SV wavescattering by coal-seam inhomogeneities.Geophysics,1985,50(2):214-223.
[4]Buchanan D J.The scattering of SH-channel waves by a faultin a coal seam.Geophysical Prospecting,1986,34(3):343-365.
[5]Krey T C.Channel waves as a tool of applied geophysics incoal mining.Geophysics,1963,28(6):701-714.
[6]Baumgarte J,Krey T.Reflexion und Brechung BeimSchragen Durchgang Ebener Seismisgher Wellen durch NPlanparallele Medien.Geophysical Prospecting,1961,9(2):242-260.
[7]Liu E R,Crampin S,Roth B.Modelling channel waves withsynthetic seismograms in an anisotropic in-seam seismicsurvey.Geophysical Prospecting,1991,40(5):513-540.
[8]徐果明,倪四道,王汉标.瑞利型槽波的本征方程及其应用.煤炭学报,1998,23(2):124-129.Xu G M,Ni S D,Wang H B.Eigen-equation of Rayleighguide waves and its application.Journal of China CoalSociety(in Chinese),1998,23(2):124-129.
[9]杨文强.槽波地震勘探的数学物理模型研究.地质与勘探,2001,37(3):58-60.Yang W Q.Modeling research of channel wave seismicexploration.Geology and Prospecting(in Chinese),2001,37(3):58-60.
[10]杨真.基于ISS的薄煤层采空边界探测理论与试验研究[博士论文].中国矿业大学,2009.Yang Z.Theory of using an In-Seam Seismic(ISS)methodfor uncertain boundary detection in a thin coal seam[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).China University of Mining andTechnology,2009.
[11]Robertsson J O A.A numerical free-surface condition forelastic/viscoelastic finite-difference modeling in the presenceof topography.Geophysics,1996,61(6):1921-1934.
[12]Wang X M,Zhang H L.Modeling of elastic wavepropagation on a curved free surface using an improved finite-difference algorithm.Sciences in China Ser.G Physics,Mechanics&Astronomy,2004,47(5):633-648.
[13]汪利民.三维带地形瑞雷面波交错网格有限差分法正演技术研究[博士论文].武汉:中国地质大学,2009.Wang L M.Modeling of Rayleigh-wave propagation in three-dimensional media with topography using staggered-grid finitedifference scheme[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2009.
[14]Xu Y X,Xia J H,Miller R D.Numerical investigation ofimplementation of air-earth boundary by acoustic-elasticboundary approach.Geophysics,2007,72(5):147-153.
[15]Bohlen T,Saenger E H.Accuracy of heterogeneousstaggered-grid finite-difference modeling of Rayleigh waves.Geophysics,2006,71(4):109-115.
[16]Hestholm S,Ruud B.2D finite-difference elastic wavemodelling including surface topography.Geophysics Prospecting,1994,42(5):371-390.
[17]牟永光,裴正林.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2005.Mou Y G,Pei Z L.Seismic Numerical Modeling for 3-DComplex Media(in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum IndustryPress,2005.
[18]Mittet R.Free-surface boundary conditions for elasticstaggered-grid modeling schemes.Geophysics,2002,67(5):1616-1623.
[2]Korn M,Stckl H.Reflection and transmission of Lovechannel waves at coal seam discontinuities computed with afinite difference method.J.Geophys.,1982,50:171-176.
[3]Edwards S A,Asten M W,Drake L A.P-SV wavescattering by coal-seam inhomogeneities.Geophysics,1985,50(2):214-223.
[4]Buchanan D J.The scattering of SH-channel waves by a faultin a coal seam.Geophysical Prospecting,1986,34(3):343-365.
[5]Krey T C.Channel waves as a tool of applied geophysics incoal mining.Geophysics,1963,28(6):701-714.
[6]Baumgarte J,Krey T.Reflexion und Brechung BeimSchragen Durchgang Ebener Seismisgher Wellen durch NPlanparallele Medien.Geophysical Prospecting,1961,9(2):242-260.
[7]Liu E R,Crampin S,Roth B.Modelling channel waves withsynthetic seismograms in an anisotropic in-seam seismicsurvey.Geophysical Prospecting,1991,40(5):513-540.
[8]徐果明,倪四道,王汉标.瑞利型槽波的本征方程及其应用.煤炭学报,1998,23(2):124-129.Xu G M,Ni S D,Wang H B.Eigen-equation of Rayleighguide waves and its application.Journal of China CoalSociety(in Chinese),1998,23(2):124-129.
[9]杨文强.槽波地震勘探的数学物理模型研究.地质与勘探,2001,37(3):58-60.Yang W Q.Modeling research of channel wave seismicexploration.Geology and Prospecting(in Chinese),2001,37(3):58-60.
[10]杨真.基于ISS的薄煤层采空边界探测理论与试验研究[博士论文].中国矿业大学,2009.Yang Z.Theory of using an In-Seam Seismic(ISS)methodfor uncertain boundary detection in a thin coal seam[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).China University of Mining andTechnology,2009.
[11]Robertsson J O A.A numerical free-surface condition forelastic/viscoelastic finite-difference modeling in the presenceof topography.Geophysics,1996,61(6):1921-1934.
[12]Wang X M,Zhang H L.Modeling of elastic wavepropagation on a curved free surface using an improved finite-difference algorithm.Sciences in China Ser.G Physics,Mechanics&Astronomy,2004,47(5):633-648.
[13]汪利民.三维带地形瑞雷面波交错网格有限差分法正演技术研究[博士论文].武汉:中国地质大学,2009.Wang L M.Modeling of Rayleigh-wave propagation in three-dimensional media with topography using staggered-grid finitedifference scheme[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2009.
[14]Xu Y X,Xia J H,Miller R D.Numerical investigation ofimplementation of air-earth boundary by acoustic-elasticboundary approach.Geophysics,2007,72(5):147-153.
[15]Bohlen T,Saenger E H.Accuracy of heterogeneousstaggered-grid finite-difference modeling of Rayleigh waves.Geophysics,2006,71(4):109-115.
[16]Hestholm S,Ruud B.2D finite-difference elastic wavemodelling including surface topography.Geophysics Prospecting,1994,42(5):371-390.
[17]牟永光,裴正林.三维复杂介质地震数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2005.Mou Y G,Pei Z L.Seismic Numerical Modeling for 3-DComplex Media(in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum IndustryPress,2005.
[18]Mittet R.Free-surface boundary conditions for elasticstaggered-grid modeling schemes.Geophysics,2002,67(5):1616-1623.
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