黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩沉积相模式及演化特征
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摘要
歧北斜坡区沙一下亚段湖相碳酸盐岩储层较薄(多数集中在0.5~8 m),地震资料难以指导内部小层及滩体划分,沉积相模式、演化规律及主控因素认识不清,采用标志层控制、静-动态资料相互拟合的方法,利用岩心、测井、地球化学、古生物等资料,结合示踪剂、吸水剖面等动态资料对薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层进行综合研究。研究结果表明:超覆地层对比模式符合研究区薄层湖相碳酸盐岩地层真实发育情况,并识别出5期明显的湖岸线;湖水首先沿着港西断层形成的断槽及中部的斜坡低洼区由东向西主发生湖侵;研究区主要发育滨浅湖亚相,包括生屑滩、混积滩等6种沉积微相,生屑滩面积占60%以上;沉积模式显示出沉积早期,地形坡度大、湖侵范围小、滨浅湖面积也最小,主要沉积沿岸碎屑岩砂坝;沉积中后期,水体越过坡折带,滨浅湖面积不断扩大,并迅速超覆至全区,生屑滩沉积面积达到最大的演化规律。歧北斜坡区湖水咸化、湖相碳酸盐岩广泛沉积的主要原因,是海侵作用致使湖水初步咸化和浅水缓坡台地环境导致混合水蒸发浓缩二次成化双重作用的结果。强烈的剥蚀和填平补齐导致的近似平台型古地貌特征和古生物的大量繁殖,也是控制北斜坡区沉积相类型及演化的主要因素之一。
The lacustrine carbonates of the lower section of Es_1 Formation in Qibei slope was so thin that it was difficult to use seismic data to correlate the sublayer and understand the depositional model,evolution characteristics and the main control factors.We applyed the method of static and dynamic data matching with each other using of core,well logs,geochemistry,palaeontologic data,trace agent and entry profile to studied the lacustrine carbonates.The results show that overlap stratigraphic correlation method conform to the ture formation development.And five periods lakeshore line obviously to recognized.The lake transgression happened along the Gangxi fault trough and the central low area.Shallow lake is the mainly subfacies,include six kinds of microfacies for biological chip beach and mixed beach,et al.The organic bank accounts for 60%of the research area,at early times,the coastal sand dam was mainly developed.On the middle period,the area of shallow lake enlarged rapidly and the biological chip beach organic enlarged rapidly,too.On the late period,both the area of shallow lake and the biological chip beach were largest.The salinization of water and the sediment of lacustrine carbonates are mainly caused by the transgression of sea and the condensation of the water in the shallow gentle slope tableland.The platform-like palaeogeomorphology and the great quantity of reproduction of the prehistoric life are also major control factors of the deposition types and evolution in Qibei slope.
The lacustrine carbonates of the lower section of Es_1 Formation in Qibei slope was so thin that it was difficult to use seismic data to correlate the sublayer and understand the depositional model,evolution characteristics and the main control factors.We applyed the method of static and dynamic data matching with each other using of core,well logs,geochemistry,palaeontologic data,trace agent and entry profile to studied the lacustrine carbonates.The results show that overlap stratigraphic correlation method conform to the ture formation development.And five periods lakeshore line obviously to recognized.The lake transgression happened along the Gangxi fault trough and the central low area.Shallow lake is the mainly subfacies,include six kinds of microfacies for biological chip beach and mixed beach,et al.The organic bank accounts for 60%of the research area,at early times,the coastal sand dam was mainly developed.On the middle period,the area of shallow lake enlarged rapidly and the biological chip beach organic enlarged rapidly,too.On the late period,both the area of shallow lake and the biological chip beach were largest.The salinization of water and the sediment of lacustrine carbonates are mainly caused by the transgression of sea and the condensation of the water in the shallow gentle slope tableland.The platform-like palaeogeomorphology and the great quantity of reproduction of the prehistoric life are also major control factors of the deposition types and evolution in Qibei slope.
引文
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[7]蒲秀刚,周立宏,肖敦清,等.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷西南缘湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):136-142.Pu Xiugang,Zhou Lihong,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Lacustrine Carbonates in the Southwest Margin of Qikou Sag,Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(2):136-142.
[8]赵国良,沈平平,穆龙新,等.薄层碳酸盐岩油藏水平井开发建模策略:以阿曼DL油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):91-96.Zhao Guoliang,Shen Pingping,Mu Longxin,et al.Geomodeling for Thin Carbonate Reservoirs Developed with Horizontal Well:A Case from DL Oilfield,Oman[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(l):91-96.
[9]大港油田石油地质志编辑委员会.中国石油地质志(4):大港油田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991.Editorial Board of Petroleum Geology of Dagang Oilfield.Petroleum Geology of China(No.4):Dagang Oilfield[M],Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1991.
[10]周立宏,卢异,肖敦清,等.渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷盆地结构构造及演化[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):373-382.Zhou Lihong,Lu Yi,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Basinal Texture Structure of Qikou Sag in Bohai Bay Basin and Its Evolution[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(3):373-382.
[11]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,滑双君,等.黄骅坳陷沙河街组一段下亚段混合沉积成因类型及演化模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(1):98-107.Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Hua Shuangjun,et al.Genetic Types and Evolutionary Model of Mixed Clastic-Carbonate Deposits in the Lower Part of the Sha-1 Formation,the Huanghua Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(l):98-107.
[12]王濮,李国发,张立勤,等.歧口凹陷西斜坡沙一段薄储层预测[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(2):28-33.Wang Pu,Li Guofa,Zhang Liqin,et al.Thin-Layer Reservoir Prediction in the Lower Es_1 of the Western Ramp of Qikou Depression[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2008,32(2):28-33.
[13]崔思华,王明磊,彭秀丽,等.碳酸盐岩地层综合划分方法研究[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(5):41-48.Cui Sihua,Wang Minglei,Peng Xiuli,et al.Comprehensive Study on the Division Method of Carbonate Rock Formation[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2011,33(5):41-48.
[14]冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法:定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19.Feng Zengzhao.Single Factor Analysis and Multifactor Comprehensive Mapping Method:Reconstruction of Quantitative Lithofacies Palaeogeography[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(1):3-19.
[15]袁文芳,陈世悦,曾昌民,等.渤海湾盆地古近系海侵问题研究进展及展望[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):604-612.Yuan Wenfang,Chen Shiyue,Zeng Changmin,et al.Research Development and Prospects on Paleogene Sea Transgression in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):604-612.
[16]袁静,赵澄林,张善文.东营凹陷沙四段盐湖的深水成因模式[J].沉积学报,2000,18(1):114-118.Yuan Jing,Zhao Chenglin,Zhang Shanwen.Genetic Model of the Deep Water Salt Lake of the Paleogene Sha-4 Member in Dongying sag[J].Acta Sedimentologia Sinica,2000,18(1):114-118.
[17]彭世福,许红,温珍河.试论渤海湾盆地沙河街组海侵作用与油气[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1989,9(1):17-28.Peng Shifu,Xu Hong,Wen Zhenhe.A Prelimnary Discussion About Transgressions and Hydrocarbons of Shahejie Formation in the Bohai Bay Basin[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1989,9(1):17-28.
[18]刘传联,成鑫荣.渤海湾盆地早第三纪非海相钙质超微化石的锶同位素证据[J].科学通报,1996,41(10):908-910.Liu Chuanlian,Cheng Xinrong.The Evidence of Non-Marine Calcareous Nannofossils and Strontium Isotope of Paleogene in Bohaiwan Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1996,41(10),908-910.
[19]钟筱春,钟石兰,费轩东,等.渤海湾盆地沙河街组一段颗石藻类化石及其沉积环境[J].微体古生物学报,1988,5(2):145-151.Zhong Xiaochun,Zhong Shilan.Fei Xuandong.et al.The Coccolith Algae Fossils and Its Sedimentary Environment in the First Number of Shahejie Formation in Bohaiwan Basin[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,1988,5(2):145-151.
[20]陈世悦,王玲,李聪,等.歧口凹陷沙河街组一段下亚段湖盆咸化成因[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):40-46.Chen Shiyue.Wang Ling,Li Cong,et al.The Saline Genesis of Lacustrine Basin in the Lower Section of the First Member of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(1):40-46.
[21]李聪.歧口凹陷沙一下段湖相白云岩形成机理及储层特征[D].东营:中国石油大学,2011:80-90.Li Cong.Genesisand Reservoir Characteristics of Lacustrine Dolomite in the Lower Part of the Sha-1Formation in Qikou Depression[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2011:80-90.
[22]陈绍周,高兴辰,丘东洲.中国早第三纪海陆过渡相[J].石油与天然气地质,1982,3(4):342-350.Chen Shaozhou,Gao Xingchen,Qiu Dongzhou.China Sea-Land Transition Facies for Early Tertiary[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1982,3(4):342-350.
[2]杜韫华.渤海湾地区下第三系湖相碳酸盐岩及沉积模式[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(4):376-392.Du Wenhua.Eogene Lacustrine Carbonate Rocks and Sedimentary Model in Bohai Bay Region[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1990,11(4):376-392.
[3]陈端新,吴时国,施和生,等.珠江口盆地流花碳酸盐台地灰岩坑的地震反射特征及成因探讨[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(6):1936-1942.Chen Duanxin,Wu Shiguo.Shi Hesheng.et al.Seismic Characteristics and Generations of Sinkholes in the Liuhua Carbonate Platform,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(6):1936-1942.
[4]高志前,樊太亮,杨伟红,等.塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩台缘结构特征及其演化[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(3):658-665.Gao Zhiqian,Fan Tailiang,Yang Weihong,et al.Structure Characteristics and Evolution of the Eopaleozoic Carbonate Platform in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(3):658-665.
[5]王英华,周书欣,张绣莲.中国湖相碳酸盐岩[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1993:21-30.Wang Yinghua,Zhou Shuxin,Zhang Xiulian.China Lacustrine Carbonates[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1993:21-30.
[6]金振奎,邹元荣,张响响,等.黄骅坳陷古近系沙河街组湖泊碳酸盐沉积相[J].古地理学报,2002,14(13):11-18.Jin Zhenkui,Zou Yuanrong,Zhang Xiangxiang,et al.Lacustrine Carbonate Sedimentary Facies of the Shahejie Formation of Paleogene in Huanghua Depression[J].Journal of Paleogeography,2002,14(13):11-18.
[7]蒲秀刚,周立宏,肖敦清,等.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷西南缘湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):136-142.Pu Xiugang,Zhou Lihong,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Lacustrine Carbonates in the Southwest Margin of Qikou Sag,Huanghua Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(2):136-142.
[8]赵国良,沈平平,穆龙新,等.薄层碳酸盐岩油藏水平井开发建模策略:以阿曼DL油田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):91-96.Zhao Guoliang,Shen Pingping,Mu Longxin,et al.Geomodeling for Thin Carbonate Reservoirs Developed with Horizontal Well:A Case from DL Oilfield,Oman[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(l):91-96.
[9]大港油田石油地质志编辑委员会.中国石油地质志(4):大港油田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1991.Editorial Board of Petroleum Geology of Dagang Oilfield.Petroleum Geology of China(No.4):Dagang Oilfield[M],Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1991.
[10]周立宏,卢异,肖敦清,等.渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷盆地结构构造及演化[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):373-382.Zhou Lihong,Lu Yi,Xiao Dunqing,et al.Basinal Texture Structure of Qikou Sag in Bohai Bay Basin and Its Evolution[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(3):373-382.
[11]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,滑双君,等.黄骅坳陷沙河街组一段下亚段混合沉积成因类型及演化模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(1):98-107.Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Hua Shuangjun,et al.Genetic Types and Evolutionary Model of Mixed Clastic-Carbonate Deposits in the Lower Part of the Sha-1 Formation,the Huanghua Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(l):98-107.
[12]王濮,李国发,张立勤,等.歧口凹陷西斜坡沙一段薄储层预测[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(2):28-33.Wang Pu,Li Guofa,Zhang Liqin,et al.Thin-Layer Reservoir Prediction in the Lower Es_1 of the Western Ramp of Qikou Depression[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2008,32(2):28-33.
[13]崔思华,王明磊,彭秀丽,等.碳酸盐岩地层综合划分方法研究[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,33(5):41-48.Cui Sihua,Wang Minglei,Peng Xiuli,et al.Comprehensive Study on the Division Method of Carbonate Rock Formation[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2011,33(5):41-48.
[14]冯增昭.单因素分析多因素综合作图法:定量岩相古地理重建[J].古地理学报,2004,6(1):3-19.Feng Zengzhao.Single Factor Analysis and Multifactor Comprehensive Mapping Method:Reconstruction of Quantitative Lithofacies Palaeogeography[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(1):3-19.
[15]袁文芳,陈世悦,曾昌民,等.渤海湾盆地古近系海侵问题研究进展及展望[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):604-612.Yuan Wenfang,Chen Shiyue,Zeng Changmin,et al.Research Development and Prospects on Paleogene Sea Transgression in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):604-612.
[16]袁静,赵澄林,张善文.东营凹陷沙四段盐湖的深水成因模式[J].沉积学报,2000,18(1):114-118.Yuan Jing,Zhao Chenglin,Zhang Shanwen.Genetic Model of the Deep Water Salt Lake of the Paleogene Sha-4 Member in Dongying sag[J].Acta Sedimentologia Sinica,2000,18(1):114-118.
[17]彭世福,许红,温珍河.试论渤海湾盆地沙河街组海侵作用与油气[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1989,9(1):17-28.Peng Shifu,Xu Hong,Wen Zhenhe.A Prelimnary Discussion About Transgressions and Hydrocarbons of Shahejie Formation in the Bohai Bay Basin[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1989,9(1):17-28.
[18]刘传联,成鑫荣.渤海湾盆地早第三纪非海相钙质超微化石的锶同位素证据[J].科学通报,1996,41(10):908-910.Liu Chuanlian,Cheng Xinrong.The Evidence of Non-Marine Calcareous Nannofossils and Strontium Isotope of Paleogene in Bohaiwan Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1996,41(10),908-910.
[19]钟筱春,钟石兰,费轩东,等.渤海湾盆地沙河街组一段颗石藻类化石及其沉积环境[J].微体古生物学报,1988,5(2):145-151.Zhong Xiaochun,Zhong Shilan.Fei Xuandong.et al.The Coccolith Algae Fossils and Its Sedimentary Environment in the First Number of Shahejie Formation in Bohaiwan Basin[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,1988,5(2):145-151.
[20]陈世悦,王玲,李聪,等.歧口凹陷沙河街组一段下亚段湖盆咸化成因[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):40-46.Chen Shiyue.Wang Ling,Li Cong,et al.The Saline Genesis of Lacustrine Basin in the Lower Section of the First Member of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(1):40-46.
[21]李聪.歧口凹陷沙一下段湖相白云岩形成机理及储层特征[D].东营:中国石油大学,2011:80-90.Li Cong.Genesisand Reservoir Characteristics of Lacustrine Dolomite in the Lower Part of the Sha-1Formation in Qikou Depression[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2011:80-90.
[22]陈绍周,高兴辰,丘东洲.中国早第三纪海陆过渡相[J].石油与天然气地质,1982,3(4):342-350.Chen Shaozhou,Gao Xingchen,Qiu Dongzhou.China Sea-Land Transition Facies for Early Tertiary[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1982,3(4):342-350.
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