滨里海盆地盐下构造处理解释一体化研究
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摘要
滨里海盆地在二叠系发育巨厚盐丘,由于高速盐岩厚度的剧烈变化导致盐下地震资料成像困难、构造形态畸变等。如何消除盐丘速度的影响,恢复盐下的真实构造形态是该区油气勘探急需解决的难题。笔者通过处理解释一体化的攻关研究,在解决静校正、盐下振幅恢复等叠前保真的基础上,采用浮动基准面叠前时间偏移方法对高陡构造准确成像,通过对盐体及盐下构造的精细刻画和层速度反演建立层位—速度模型,最后利用叠前深度逆时偏移的方法对盐下构造进行准确成像和构造恢复,形成了一套针对盐下构造处理解释一体化技术,并在滨里海含盐盆地得到了应用。
There are salt domes of great thickness deposited in Pre-Caspian basin.As the salt layer thickness varies dramatically,it is difficult to perform imagery for the sub-salt seismic data,and the structure features show distortions.The elimination of the salt velocity influence and the restoration of the real sub-salt structure form constitute the urgent problems in oil-gas exploration.Through the integrated study of processing and interpretation,the authors used the floating datum pre-stack time migration method to conduct imagery for high and steep structures based on pre-stack fidelity of the static correction and to make salt amplitude recovery.Finally,the pre-stack reverse-time depth migration method was used for the sub-salt structure accurate imaging and recovery.A technological series of integration of processing and interpretation for sub-salt structure was formed and applied in Pre-Caspian salt basin.
There are salt domes of great thickness deposited in Pre-Caspian basin.As the salt layer thickness varies dramatically,it is difficult to perform imagery for the sub-salt seismic data,and the structure features show distortions.The elimination of the salt velocity influence and the restoration of the real sub-salt structure form constitute the urgent problems in oil-gas exploration.Through the integrated study of processing and interpretation,the authors used the floating datum pre-stack time migration method to conduct imagery for high and steep structures based on pre-stack fidelity of the static correction and to make salt amplitude recovery.Finally,the pre-stack reverse-time depth migration method was used for the sub-salt structure accurate imaging and recovery.A technological series of integration of processing and interpretation for sub-salt structure was formed and applied in Pre-Caspian salt basin.
引文
[1]王世艳,哈萨克斯坦滨里海盆地盐下成像技术应用研究[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):35～39.
[2]宋静,苏惠,张联盟,等.目标处理解释一体化方法探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊2):78～81.
[3]苏勤,吕彬,田彦灿,等.浮动面叠前深度偏移在山前带复杂构造成像中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(5):560～562.
[4]王喜双,梁奇,徐凌,等.叠前深度偏移技术应用与进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):727～732.
[5]杨长春,刘兴材,李幼铭,等.地震叠前深度偏移方法流程及应用[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(3):409～415.
[6]丁亮,刘洋.逆时偏移成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(3):1085～1100.
[7]张春燕,李振春,孙小东.逆时偏移方法技术进展综述[J].勘探地球物理学进展,2010,33(5):309～316.
[8]Mulder W A,Plessix R E.One-way and two-way wave-equation mi-gration[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76th Annual International SEGMeeting,2003,73,881～884.
[9]Chattopadhyay S,McMechan G A.Imaging condition for pre-stackreverse-time migration[J].Geophysics,2008,73(3):S57～S66
[10]Jones I F.3-D pre-stack depth migration and velocity model build-ing[J].The Leading Edge,1998,19(7):897～906
[11]李博,刘红伟,刘国峰,等.地震叠前逆时偏移算法的CPU/GPU实施对策[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2938～2943.
[2]宋静,苏惠,张联盟,等.目标处理解释一体化方法探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(增刊2):78～81.
[3]苏勤,吕彬,田彦灿,等.浮动面叠前深度偏移在山前带复杂构造成像中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(5):560～562.
[4]王喜双,梁奇,徐凌,等.叠前深度偏移技术应用与进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):727～732.
[5]杨长春,刘兴材,李幼铭,等.地震叠前深度偏移方法流程及应用[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(3):409～415.
[6]丁亮,刘洋.逆时偏移成像技术研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(3):1085～1100.
[7]张春燕,李振春,孙小东.逆时偏移方法技术进展综述[J].勘探地球物理学进展,2010,33(5):309～316.
[8]Mulder W A,Plessix R E.One-way and two-way wave-equation mi-gration[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76th Annual International SEGMeeting,2003,73,881～884.
[9]Chattopadhyay S,McMechan G A.Imaging condition for pre-stackreverse-time migration[J].Geophysics,2008,73(3):S57～S66
[10]Jones I F.3-D pre-stack depth migration and velocity model build-ing[J].The Leading Edge,1998,19(7):897～906
[11]李博,刘红伟,刘国峰,等.地震叠前逆时偏移算法的CPU/GPU实施对策[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2938～2943.
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