煤矿陷落柱赋水特征的综合物探探查原理与方法
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摘要
用三维地震勘探查明了淮南矿区多个陷落柱的大小及分布范围,但柱体内赋水状况不明,极大地影响了矿井的安全生产,决定采用可控源音频大地电磁法和电磁波法对陷落柱的富水性进行探查。研究表明,地层电阻率的大小与富水程度具有一定的相关性,低电阻率值对应于强富水,高电阻率为弱富水或不富水。依据陷落柱不同深度的电阻率水平截面和纵向电阻率剖面对陷落柱的富水性作出分析,探测结果显示:在陷落柱的南部及靠近断层的局部地段富水较强,即柱体内仅局部富水。在地面施工少量验证钻孔,探测结果与钻探资料吻合较好,为煤矿陷落柱的探查提供了一种新的综合物探方法。
The sizes and distribution range of collapse columns existing in Huainan mining area have been found out by 3-D seismic exploration,but the water enrichment conditions inside the columns are not clear,which greatly influences the safety mining.In this paper,the Controlled-Source Audiomag-netotellurics and Electromagnetic Wave method were adopted to prospect the water abundance of col-lapse columns.The result shows that the apparent formation resistivity has a certain correlation with the water abundance,that is,low resistivity is corresponding to abundant water,while high resistivity cor-relates with low or no water abundance.Meanwhile,the water enrichment of collapse column are ana-lyzed according to the horizontal and longitudinal apparent resisitivity profiles in different depth,and the detection results show that the water abundance in the south of collapse column and partial areas near the faults are relatively large,namely there only exists partial water enrichment in the collapse column.A small amount of validation drillings on the ground have been constructed,and the detection results correspond well with those of drilling,which provides a new integrated geophysical method for the prospecting of collapse column in coal mine.
The sizes and distribution range of collapse columns existing in Huainan mining area have been found out by 3-D seismic exploration,but the water enrichment conditions inside the columns are not clear,which greatly influences the safety mining.In this paper,the Controlled-Source Audiomag-netotellurics and Electromagnetic Wave method were adopted to prospect the water abundance of col-lapse columns.The result shows that the apparent formation resistivity has a certain correlation with the water abundance,that is,low resistivity is corresponding to abundant water,while high resistivity cor-relates with low or no water abundance.Meanwhile,the water enrichment of collapse column are ana-lyzed according to the horizontal and longitudinal apparent resisitivity profiles in different depth,and the detection results show that the water abundance in the south of collapse column and partial areas near the faults are relatively large,namely there only exists partial water enrichment in the collapse column.A small amount of validation drillings on the ground have been constructed,and the detection results correspond well with those of drilling,which provides a new integrated geophysical method for the prospecting of collapse column in coal mine.
引文
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[15]YANG Wu-yang,WU Qiang.Applied studies of geo-stress survey by terrestrial stress measurement with natu-ral electromagnetic wave in coal mining[C]//Proceedingsof the’2007 International Symposium on Safety Scienceand Technology.Beijing:Science Press,2007:74-80.
[16]王彦玮,邓尧增,潘丕业,等.SYT天然电磁波法在采空区探测中的应用[J].科技情报开发与经济,2009,19(4):164-166.WANG Yan-wei,DENG Yao-zeng,PAN Pi-ye,et al.Theapplication of SYT natural electromagnetic wave methodin the detection of the mined-out areas[J].Sci-Tech In-formation Development and Economy,2009,19(4):164-166.
[17]王文祥,杨武洋,唐方头.浅析煤层砂岩层压裂前后的地应力状态[J].煤田地质与勘探,2001,29(1):31-33.WANG Wen-xiang,YANG Wu-yang,TANG Fang-tou.Preliminary analysis on stress state in front of and afterfracturing of coal seam and sandstone[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2001,29(1):31-33.
[18]王文祥,杨武洋.天然电磁波法勘探研究的新进展[J].煤炭科学技术.2005,33(1):18-19.WANG Wen-xiang,YANG Wu-yang.New developmenton exploration research of natural electric magnetic wavemethod[J].Coal Science and Technology,2005,33(1):18-19.
[19]周笑绿,杨国勇,郑世书.利用冲洗液消耗量求水文地质参数[J].矿业研究与开发,2006,26(6):57-59.ZHOU Xiao-lv,YANG Guo-yong,ZHEN Shi-shu.Usingwash water quantity of geological log to calculate hy-dro-geological parameter[J].Mining Research and De-velopment,2006,26(6):57-59.
[2]尹尚先.陷落柱防水煤柱留设对围岩变形影响的数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(2):179-182.YIN Shang-xian.Numerical simulation of influence ofwater barrier pillars for subsided column on rock failurein mining process[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(2):179-182.
[3]尹尚先,吴文金,李永军,等.华北煤田岩溶陷落柱及其突水研究[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2008:21-32.
[4]刘国林,潘懋,尹尚先.华北型煤田岩溶陷落柱导水性研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2009,5(2):154-158.LIU Guo-lin,PAN Mao,YIN Shang-xian.The study onwater conductivity of paleo-sinkholes in North-China-Type coalfields[J].Journal of Safety Science and Tech-nology,2009,5(2):154-158.
[5]虎维岳,尹尚先.采煤工作面底板突水灾害发生的采掘扰动力学机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(1):3344-3348.HU Wei-yue,YIN Shang-xian.Dynamic mechanism ofwater inrush from floor of mining face[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(1):3344-3348.
[6]张同俊.葛亭煤矿陷落柱发育规律及富水性特征[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(2):93-96.ZHANG Tong-jun.Development law and watery featuresof sink holes in geting mine[J].Coal Science and Tech-nology,2010,38(2):93-96.
[7]喻佑顺,刘金涛,王柱,等.直流电测深法在煤矿陷落柱探测中的应用实例[J].资源环境与工程,2007,21(6):736-738.YU You-shun,LIU Jin-tao,WANG Zhu,et al.Application of direct current sounding on detection ofcollapsing karst column in coal mine[J].Resources En-vironment&Engineering,2007,21(6):736-738.
[8]马兆峰.矿井瞬变电磁法在勘探陷落柱富水性中的应用[J].煤,2010,19(2):21-23.MA Zhao-feng.Application on transient electromagneticmethod of coal mine in exploring water yield property ofkarst collapse column[J].Coal,2010,19(2):21-23.
[9]李艳芳,程建远,熊晓军,等.陷落柱三维地震正演模拟及对比分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):456-460.LI Yan-fang,CHENG Jian-yuan,XIONG Xiao-jun,etal.3D seismic forward modeling of collapse column andcomparison[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(3):456-460.
[10]张广忠,程建远,李林元,等.东庞煤矿突水陷落柱边界的综合解释[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(增刊):88-92.ZHANG Guang-zhong,CHENG Jian-yuan,LI Lin-yuan,et al.Integrated interpretation of inrushing collapsecolumn's boundary in Dongpang Coal Mine[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2006,31(Supp):88-92.
[11]李飞,张摇智,曹志勇,等.陷落柱地震波场特征分析[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(3):886-892.LI Fei,ZHANG Yao-zhi,CAO Zhi-yong,et al.Analysison seismic features of subsided column[J].Progress inGeophysics,2009,24(3):886-892.
[12]王文祥,杨武洋.瞬论与天然电磁波法勘探[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,2002:73.
[13]苏恺之.地应力测量方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1985.
[14]杨武洋,王文祥,智建水,等.华北煤矿地下导水通道性质的研究[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(4):369-372.YANG Wu-yang,WANG Wen-xiang,ZHI Jian-shui,etal.Study on the characteristics of water-conducting in thecoalfilelds of North China[J].Journal of China Coal So-ciety,2007,32(4):369-372.
[15]YANG Wu-yang,WU Qiang.Applied studies of geo-stress survey by terrestrial stress measurement with natu-ral electromagnetic wave in coal mining[C]//Proceedingsof the’2007 International Symposium on Safety Scienceand Technology.Beijing:Science Press,2007:74-80.
[16]王彦玮,邓尧增,潘丕业,等.SYT天然电磁波法在采空区探测中的应用[J].科技情报开发与经济,2009,19(4):164-166.WANG Yan-wei,DENG Yao-zeng,PAN Pi-ye,et al.Theapplication of SYT natural electromagnetic wave methodin the detection of the mined-out areas[J].Sci-Tech In-formation Development and Economy,2009,19(4):164-166.
[17]王文祥,杨武洋,唐方头.浅析煤层砂岩层压裂前后的地应力状态[J].煤田地质与勘探,2001,29(1):31-33.WANG Wen-xiang,YANG Wu-yang,TANG Fang-tou.Preliminary analysis on stress state in front of and afterfracturing of coal seam and sandstone[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2001,29(1):31-33.
[18]王文祥,杨武洋.天然电磁波法勘探研究的新进展[J].煤炭科学技术.2005,33(1):18-19.WANG Wen-xiang,YANG Wu-yang.New developmenton exploration research of natural electric magnetic wavemethod[J].Coal Science and Technology,2005,33(1):18-19.
[19]周笑绿,杨国勇,郑世书.利用冲洗液消耗量求水文地质参数[J].矿业研究与开发,2006,26(6):57-59.ZHOU Xiao-lv,YANG Guo-yong,ZHEN Shi-shu.Usingwash water quantity of geological log to calculate hy-dro-geological parameter[J].Mining Research and De-velopment,2006,26(6):57-59.
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