星载电场数据处理方法研究
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摘要
给出一种新的非线性、非平稳信号的处理方法——HHT方法,并把该方法首次应用于星载电场数据处理中.以2004年9月15日菲律宾6.0级地震前两天(13日)DEMETER卫星经过震中区域上空所记录到的数据为例,对ULF频段的电场数据进行了处理,得到了相应的HHT时频图谱.另外,还利用DEMETER卫星中心网站提供的SWAN软件计算得到了相应的小波变换时频图谱,通过比较发现,虽然两种方法对异常信号出现的位置时刻的描述有相同的能力,但HHT方法在异常信号的细节描述上更为清晰,从而为今后进一步的研究工作奠定了基础.
In this paper,a new method HHT is invented to deal with non-linear and non-stationary data is introduced.It is used to processing the electric field data(ULF band) recorded by satellite.The electric field data observed by DEMETER satellite two days before Philippine M6.0 earthquake has been processing.HHT time-frequency spectrums are obtained.In addition,Wavelet transform time-frequency spectrum are obtained by using the SWAN software,which provided by the network of DEMETER satellite center.Compared the two spectrums,the two methods have the same ability in describing the position of abnormal signal appeared,but the method of HHT can describe with clarity the abnormal signal than the wavelet transform.All these study in this paper will establish a good groundwork for the farther work.
In this paper,a new method HHT is invented to deal with non-linear and non-stationary data is introduced.It is used to processing the electric field data(ULF band) recorded by satellite.The electric field data observed by DEMETER satellite two days before Philippine M6.0 earthquake has been processing.HHT time-frequency spectrums are obtained.In addition,Wavelet transform time-frequency spectrum are obtained by using the SWAN software,which provided by the network of DEMETER satellite center.Compared the two spectrums,the two methods have the same ability in describing the position of abnormal signal appeared,but the method of HHT can describe with clarity the abnormal signal than the wavelet transform.All these study in this paper will establish a good groundwork for the farther work.
引文
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[4]Hayakawa M,Itoh T,Hattori K,et al.ULF electromagneticprecursors for an earthquake at Biak,Indonesia on February17,1996.Geophys.Res.Lett.,2000,27(10):1531-1534.
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[10]Ogawa T,Oike K,Miura T.Electromagnetic radiations fromrocks.J.Geophys.Res.,1985,90(D4):6245-6249.
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[12]Scholz C H.Microfracturing and the inelastic deformation ofrock in compression.J.Geophys.Res.,1968,73(4):1417-1432.
[13]钱书清,张以勤,曹惠馨等.花岗岩洞爆破时伴随岩石破裂的电磁辐射.地球物理学报,1983,26(增刊):887-893.Qian S Q,Zhang Y Q,Cao H X,et al.Electromagneticradiation generated by the rock rupture during a explosion inagranite cave.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1983,26(Supp):887-893.
[14]王继军,赵国泽,詹艳等.中国地震电磁现象的岩石实验研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(2):22-28.Wang J J,Zhao G Z,Zhan Y,et al.Rock experiments forresearch on seismic electromagnetic phenomena in China.Journal of Geodesy and Geodunamics(in Chinese),2005,25(2):22-28.
[15]Larkina V I,Nalivayko A V,Gershenzon N I,eta l.Observationsof VLF emission related with seismic activity on theInterkosmos-19satellite.Geomagn.Aeron.,1983,23:684-687.
[16]Serebryakova O N,Bdichenko S V,Chmyrev V M,et al.Electromagnetic ELF radiation from earthquake regions asobserved by low-altitude satellites.Geophys.Res.Lett.,1992,19(2):91-94.
[17]Chmyrev V M,Isaev N V,Bilichenko S V,et al.Observationby space-borne detectors of electric fields and hydromagneticwaves in the ionosphere over an earthquake centre.Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.,1989,57(1-2):110-114.
[18]Parrot M Lefeuvre F,Corcuff F Y,et al.Observations ofemissions at the time of earthquakes in the Kerguelen 1985Modelling the ionospheric disturbance caused by an explosionon the ground.Ann.Geophys.,1985,3(6):695-704.
[19]Larkina V I,Migulin V V,Molchanov O A,et al.Somestatistical results on very low frequency radiowave emissionsin the upper ionosphere over earthquake zones.Phys.EarthPlanet.Inter.,1989,57(1-2):100-109.
[20]Parrot M,Mogilevsky M M.VLF emissions associated withearthquakes and observed in the ionosphere and themagnetosphere.Physics of The Earth and PlanetaryInteriors,1989,57(1-2):86-99.
[21]汤吉,赵国泽,陈小斌等.地震电磁卫星载荷及现状.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):679-686.Tang J,Zhao G Z,Chen X B,et al.Introduction of payloadfor electro-magnetic emissions on seismic satellite.Progressin Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3):679-686.
[22]曾中超,张蓓,方广有等.利用DEMETER卫星数据分析汶川地震前的电离层异常.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):11-19.Zeng Z C,Zhang B,Fang G Y,et al.The analysis ofionospheric variations before Wenchuan earthquake withDEMETER data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(1):11-19.
[23]Sauvaud J A,Moreau T,Maggiolo R,et al.High-energyelectron detection onboard DEMETER:the IDPspectrometer,description and first results on the inner belt.Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):502-511.
[24]Parrot M,Benoist D,Berthelier J J,et al.The magneticfield experiment IMSC and its data processing onboardDEMETER:scientific objectives,description and firstresults.Planetary and Space Science,2006,54(5):441-455.
[25]Rozhnoi A,Molchanov O,Solovieva M,et al.Possibleseismo-ionosphere perturbations revealed by VLF signalscollected on ground and on a satellite.Nat.Hazards EarthSyst.Sci.,2007,7(5):617-624.
[26]朱荣,杨冬梅,荆凤等.DEMETER卫星观测到的云南普洱地震前的电离层扰动.地震学报,2008,30(1):76-81.Zhu R,Yang D M,Jing F,et al.Ionospheric perturbationsbefore Pu’er earthquake observed by the satelliteDEMETER.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2008,30(1):76-81.
[27]张学民,刘静,钱家栋等.西藏改则6.9级地震前的电离层电磁扰动.地震,2008,28(3):14-22.Zhang X M,Liu J,Qian J J,et al.Ionosphericelectromagnetic disturbance before Gaize earthquake withMs6.9,Tibet.Earthquake(in Chinese),2008,28(3):14-22.
[28]欧阳新艳,张学民,申旭辉等.普洱地震前电离层电子密度扰动变化研究.地震学报,2008,30(4):424-436.Ouyang X Y,Zhang X M,Shen X H,et al.Study onionospheric Ne disturbances before 2007Pu’er,Yunnan ofChina,earthquake.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2008,30(4):424-436.
[29]Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The empirical modedecomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear andnon-stationary time series analysis.Proc.R Sco.Lond.,1998,454(1971):903-995.
[30]Huang N E,Shen Z,Steven R L.A new view of nonlinearwater waves:the Hilbert spectrum.Annu.Rev.FluidMech.,1999,31(1):417-457.
[31]Huang N E,Wu M C,Long S R,et al.A confidence limitfor the empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectralanalysis.Proceeding of the Royal Society of London,2003,459(2037):2317-2345.
[32]Rilling G,Flandrin P,Gon?alvès P."On Empirical ModeDecomposition and its algorithms".IEEE-EURASIPWorkshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing NSIP-03,Grado(I),June 2003.
[33]Rilling G,Flandrin P,Gon?alves P,et al.Bivariate empiricalmode decomposition.Signal Processing Letters,IEEE,2007,14(12):936-939.
[34]罗奇峰,石春香.Hilbert-Huang变换理论及其计算中的问题.同济大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(6):637-640.Luo Q F,Shi C X.Hilbert-Huang transform and severalproblems in its calculation method.Journal of TongjiUniversity(Natural Science)(in Chinese),2003,31(6):637-640.
[35]石春香,罗奇峰.时程信号的Hilbert-Huang变换与小波分析.地震学报,2003,25(4):398-405.Shi C X,Luo Q F.Hilbert-Huang Transform and waveletanalysis of time history signal.Acta Seismologica Sinica(inChinese),2003,25(4):398-405.
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