基于二极化校正的陆上气云区的转换波成像
摘要
柴达木盆地三湖地区地震资料受广泛发育的气云的影响,导致纵波在含气构造部位成像质量较差,而转换波勘探技术可望成为解决气云区成像问题的有效手段。本文以柴达木盆地涩北气田为实例,采用伪谱法对该区气云进行数值正演模拟;通过对模型数据的分析研究,可见到明显的二极化现象,该现象是影响转换波成像质量的重要因素;应用将转换波速度分解为基本速度和速度扰动的二极化校正方法,可消除转换波二极化效应的影响,提高转换波成像质量。采用上述方法对该区二维三分量地震数据进行处理,可在转换波数据上观测到明显的二极化现象,二极化校正方法的应用的确能提高气云区转换波成像质量。
Gas cloud is widely distributed in Sanhu area,Qaidam Basin.Converted-waves(C-waves) are effective to imaging through it which degrades P wave imaging.In this paper,we model a gas cloud within the Sebei Field using the pseudo-spectral method to study the diodic effect.When the model data is processed and analyzed,we can find the significant diodic effects.It may be compensated by using a velocity perturbation method which decouples the diodic moveout into two parts: the base velocity and the velocity perturbation.The converted wave imaging is improved by the application of diodic moveout.The same work flow is applied to the real 3C-2D data from Sebei Field.We obtain almost the same result as on the synthetic data.
Gas cloud is widely distributed in Sanhu area,Qaidam Basin.Converted-waves(C-waves) are effective to imaging through it which degrades P wave imaging.In this paper,we model a gas cloud within the Sebei Field using the pseudo-spectral method to study the diodic effect.When the model data is processed and analyzed,we can find the significant diodic effects.It may be compensated by using a velocity perturbation method which decouples the diodic moveout into two parts: the base velocity and the velocity perturbation.The converted wave imaging is improved by the application of diodic moveout.The same work flow is applied to the real 3C-2D data from Sebei Field.We obtain almost the same result as on the synthetic data.
引文
[1]Li Xiangyang,Dai Hengchang,Mueller M et al.Com-pensating for the effects of gas clouds on C-wave ima-ging:A Case study from Valhall.The Leading Edge,2001,20(9):1022～1028
[2]Cafarelli B,Madtson E,Krail P et al.3-D gas cloudimaging of the Donald Field with converted waves.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2000,19:1162～1165
[3]Story C,Peng P,Heubeck C et al.Liuhua 11-1Field,South China Sea.A shallow carbonate reservoir de-veloped using ultrahigh-resolution 3-D seismic,inver-sion,and attribute-based reservoir modeling.TheLeading Edge,2000,19(8):834～910
[4]李彦鹏,孙鹏远,魏庚雨等.利用陆上三分量数据改善气云区构造成像.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(4):417～424Li Yanpeng,Sun Pengyuan,Wei Gengyu et al.Using3-C land seismic data to improve structural imaging ingas chimney area.OGP,2009,44(4):417～424
[5]Granli J,Arnsten B,Sollid A et al.Imaging throughgas-filled sediments using marine shearwave data.Geophysics,1999,64(3):668～677
[6]Thomsen L.Converted wave reflection seismology o-ver inhomogeneous,anisotropic media.Geophysics,1999,64(3):678～690
[7]Dai Hengchang and Li Xiangyang.A practical ap-proach to compensate for diodic effects of PS conver-ted waves.The Leading Edge,2010,29(11):1350～1353
[8]侯安宁,何樵登.各向异性介质中弹性波传播特征的伪谱法模拟研究.石油物探,1995,34(2):36～45Hou Anning and He Qiaodeng.Pseudospectral mod-eling for the characteristics of elastic waves propaga-ting in anisotropic media.GPP,1995,34(2):36～45
[9]张文生,何樵登.二维横向各向同性介质的伪谱法正演模拟.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(3):310～319Zhang Wensheng and He Qiaodeng.Pseudo-spectralforward modeling in 2-D transversally isotropic medi-um.OGP,1998,33(3):310～319
[10]Tsvankin I and Thomsen L.Non-hyperbolic reflec-tion moveout in anisotropic media.Geophysics,1994,59(8):1290～1304
[11]Li Xiangyang and Yuan Jianxin.Converted wave andconvertion-point equations in layered VTI media:the-ory and application.Journal of Applied Geophysics,2003,54(3):297～318
[12]王云波,陈海青,陈元忠等.多波地震在柴达木盆地三湖地区的应用.断块油气田,2009,16(2):47～48Wang Yunbo,Chen Haiqing Chen Yuanzhong et al.Application of multiwave seismic in Sanhu Area ofQaidam Basin.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(2):47～48
[13]王西文,苏明军,徐尚成等.叠前地震反演在柴达木盆地三湖地区天然气预测中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):300～307Wang Xiwen,Su Mingjun,Xu Shangcheng et al.Ap-plication of prestack seismic inversion to predict natu-ral gas in Sanhu area,Qaidam basin.OGP,2008,43(3):300～307
[2]Cafarelli B,Madtson E,Krail P et al.3-D gas cloudimaging of the Donald Field with converted waves.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2000,19:1162～1165
[3]Story C,Peng P,Heubeck C et al.Liuhua 11-1Field,South China Sea.A shallow carbonate reservoir de-veloped using ultrahigh-resolution 3-D seismic,inver-sion,and attribute-based reservoir modeling.TheLeading Edge,2000,19(8):834～910
[4]李彦鹏,孙鹏远,魏庚雨等.利用陆上三分量数据改善气云区构造成像.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(4):417～424Li Yanpeng,Sun Pengyuan,Wei Gengyu et al.Using3-C land seismic data to improve structural imaging ingas chimney area.OGP,2009,44(4):417～424
[5]Granli J,Arnsten B,Sollid A et al.Imaging throughgas-filled sediments using marine shearwave data.Geophysics,1999,64(3):668～677
[6]Thomsen L.Converted wave reflection seismology o-ver inhomogeneous,anisotropic media.Geophysics,1999,64(3):678～690
[7]Dai Hengchang and Li Xiangyang.A practical ap-proach to compensate for diodic effects of PS conver-ted waves.The Leading Edge,2010,29(11):1350～1353
[8]侯安宁,何樵登.各向异性介质中弹性波传播特征的伪谱法模拟研究.石油物探,1995,34(2):36～45Hou Anning and He Qiaodeng.Pseudospectral mod-eling for the characteristics of elastic waves propaga-ting in anisotropic media.GPP,1995,34(2):36～45
[9]张文生,何樵登.二维横向各向同性介质的伪谱法正演模拟.石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(3):310～319Zhang Wensheng and He Qiaodeng.Pseudo-spectralforward modeling in 2-D transversally isotropic medi-um.OGP,1998,33(3):310～319
[10]Tsvankin I and Thomsen L.Non-hyperbolic reflec-tion moveout in anisotropic media.Geophysics,1994,59(8):1290～1304
[11]Li Xiangyang and Yuan Jianxin.Converted wave andconvertion-point equations in layered VTI media:the-ory and application.Journal of Applied Geophysics,2003,54(3):297～318
[12]王云波,陈海青,陈元忠等.多波地震在柴达木盆地三湖地区的应用.断块油气田,2009,16(2):47～48Wang Yunbo,Chen Haiqing Chen Yuanzhong et al.Application of multiwave seismic in Sanhu Area ofQaidam Basin.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(2):47～48
[13]王西文,苏明军,徐尚成等.叠前地震反演在柴达木盆地三湖地区天然气预测中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):300～307Wang Xiwen,Su Mingjun,Xu Shangcheng et al.Ap-plication of prestack seismic inversion to predict natu-ral gas in Sanhu area,Qaidam basin.OGP,2008,43(3):300～307
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