基于TTI介质的P波剩余时差裂缝检测技术正演模拟研究
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摘要
针对塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层中存在的高角度裂缝的检测问题,开展了基于倾斜对称轴的横向各向同性介质(TTI介质)的P波剩余时差裂缝检测技术研究。回顾了TTI介质及其方位NMO剩余时差的基础理论,计算了三维TTI介质中P波的相速度;开发了一套适用于叠前地震道集的P波剩余时差裂缝预测技术,详细论述了其技术流程和具体实现步骤;设计了TTI介质裂缝模型,利用有限差分法模拟计算模型的叠前方位地震道集,根据模拟数据提取的方位NMO剩余时差反演出裂缝发育强度和裂缝角度,与模型设计参数基本吻合,验证了基于TTI介质的P波剩余时差裂缝检测技术的有效性。
To detect the tilt fracture of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield,fracture prediction technique based on P-wave residual timedifference of TTI model with tilt axis symmetry is developed and validated.The basic theory of TTI media and NMO residual timedifference are reviewed and the phase velocity of P-wave in 3DTTI media is computed.A fracture prediction technique for P-wave residual time-difference applied for prestack seismic gathers is developed,of which the technical procedures and steps are shown in details.A three-layer numerical model containing one TTI fracture interlayer is designed,with which synthetically seismic azimuth gathers are simulated with finite difference method.The fracture development intensity and fracture angles are inversed by extracted NMO residual time-difference,which are almost the same with the model design parameters.It validates the fracture prediction technology using P-wave residual time-difference based on TTI model.
To detect the tilt fracture of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield,fracture prediction technique based on P-wave residual timedifference of TTI model with tilt axis symmetry is developed and validated.The basic theory of TTI media and NMO residual timedifference are reviewed and the phase velocity of P-wave in 3DTTI media is computed.A fracture prediction technique for P-wave residual time-difference applied for prestack seismic gathers is developed,of which the technical procedures and steps are shown in details.A three-layer numerical model containing one TTI fracture interlayer is designed,with which synthetically seismic azimuth gathers are simulated with finite difference method.The fracture development intensity and fracture angles are inversed by extracted NMO residual time-difference,which are almost the same with the model design parameters.It validates the fracture prediction technology using P-wave residual time-difference based on TTI model.
引文
[1]郑海山,张中杰.横向各向同性(VTI)介质中非线性地震波场模拟[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):660-671Zheng H S,Zhang Z J.Synthetic seismograms ofnonlinear seismic waves in anisotropic(VTI)media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2005,48(3):660-671
[2]杜丽英,杜丽娟,肖乾华,等.VTI介质中弹性参数地震反演方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,23(3):59-63Du L Y,Du L J,Xiao Q H,et al.A new approach toseismic inversion of elastic parameters for VTImedia[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,23(3):59-63
[3]罗小明,王世瑞.纵波VTI介质各向异性参数的求取[J].物探与化探,2006,30(3):233-235Luo X M,Wang S R.Estimation of anisotropy pa-rameters in VTI media using surface P-wave data[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2006,30(3):233-235
[4]吴国忱,梁锴.VTI介质准P波频率空间域组合边界条件研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(4):301-306Wu G C,Liang K.Combined boundary conditions ofquasi-P wave within frequency-space domain in VTImedia[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2005,44(4):301-306
[5]杜启振,董渊,杨慧珠.HTI介质横波正常时差速度反演[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(2):26-30Du Q Z,Dong Y,Yang H Z.Estimation of normalmoveout velocity of S-wave in horizontal transverseisotropic(HTI)media[J].Journal of the Universityof Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2002,26(2):26-30
[6]张世俊,杨慧珠,董渊,等.遗传算法反演HTI介质各向异性参数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):24-28Zhang S J,Yang H Z,Dong Y,et al.Inversion of an-isotropic parameters in HTI medium by genetic al-gorithm[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(1):24-28
[7]杜启振,杨慧珠.具有水平对称轴的横向各向同性线性粘弹性介质波场特征[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(1):14-18Du Q Z,Yang H Z.Characteristics analysis on wavefield in linear viscoelastic HTI media[J].Journal ofthe University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natu-ral Science),2003,27(1):14-18
[8]卢明辉,唐建侯,杨慧珠,等.正交各向异性介质P波走时分析及Thomsen参数反演[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1167-1171Lu M H,Tang J H,Yang H Z,et al.P-wave travel-time analysis and Thomsen parameters inversion inorthorhombic media[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,2005,48(5):1167-1171
[9]傅旦丹,何樵登.正交各向异性介质地震弹性波场的伪谱法正演模拟[J].石油物探,2001,40(3):8-14Fu D D,He J D.Elastic wavefield forward modelingwith pseudo-spectral method in orthorhombic anisot-ropy media[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole-um,2001,40(3):8-14
[10]张文生,宋海斌.三维正交各向异性介质三分量高精度有限差分正演模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):422-432Zhang W S,Song H B.Finite-difference forwardmodeling of three-component records with high pre-cision in 3-D orthorhombic anisotropic media[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,2001,36(4):422-432
[11]桂志先,贺振华,汪德雯.正交介质中地震波传播数值模拟与分析[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(3):21-23Gui Z X,He Z H,Wang D W.Numerical simulationand analysis of seismic wave propagation in ortho-tropic media[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum In-stitute,2001,23(3):21-23
[12]Wang E L,Han L G,Wang D L.Multi-azimuththree-component surface seismic modeling for visco-elastic cracked monoclinic media[J].Applied Geo-physics,2007,4(1):16-24
[13]王德利,何樵登,韩立国.单斜介质中方位NMO速度Thomsen参数反演方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(1):249-255Wang D L,He Q D,Han L G.Thomsen parameterinversion with azimuthal NMO velocity in monoclin-ic media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(1):249-255
[14]王德利,何樵登,韩立国.裂隙型单斜介质中多方位地面三分量记录模拟[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(2):386-393Wang D L,He Q D,Han L G.Multi-azimuth three-component surface seismic modeling for crackedmonoclinic media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophys-ics,2006,49(1):249-255
[15]王德利,何樵登.裂隙型单斜介质中弹性系数的计算及波的传播特性研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2002,32(2):181-185Wang D L,He Q D.Elastic constants calculationmethod and propagation properties for cracked mon-oclinic media[J].Journal of Jilin University(EarthScience Edition),2002,32(2):181-185
[16]吴国忱,罗彩明,梁楷.TTI介质弹性波频率—空间域有限差分数值模拟[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(5):1023-1033Wu G C,Luo J M,Liang K.Frequency-space domainfinite difference numerical simulation of elastic wavein TTI media[J].Journal of Jilin University(EarthScience Edition),2007,37(5):1023-1033
[17]轩义华,秦成岗,赵仁永,等.TTI介质中波传播的伪谱法折叠效应的消除方法研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(6):473-476Xuan Y H,Qin C G,Zhao R Y,et al.Wraparoundelimination technique for the pseudospectral wavesynthesis in TTI media[J].Computing Techniquesfor Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2007,29(6):473-476
[18]Xuan Y H,He Q D,Lin Yan.Phase velocity in 2DTTI media[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4(1):25-28
[19]Thomsen L.Weak elastic anisotropy[J].Geophys-ics,1986,51(10):1954-1966
[20]赵烽帆,韩立国,林炎,等.TTI介质相速度理论研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(增刊2):123-126Zhao F F,Han L G,Lin Y,et al.Study for phase ve-locity of TTI media[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2006,36(S2):123-126
[21]轩义华.倾斜横向各向同性介质(TTI)参数反演方法研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007Xuan Y H.Research on inversion method in trans-versely isotropic media with a tilted symmetry axis[D].Jilin:Jilin University,2007
[22]郝奇.三维TTI介质地震波场正演模拟[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007Hao Q.Seismic wavefield modeling in 3DTTI media[D].Jilin:Jilin University,2007
[23]Pech A,Tsvankin I,Grechka V.Quartic moveout co-efficient:3Ddescription and application to tilted TImedia[J].Geophysics,2003,68(5):1600-1610
[24]朱兆林,赵爱国.裂缝介质的纵波方位AVO反演研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):499-503Zhu Z L,Zhao A G.Azimuthal AVO inversion of P-wave in fractured medium[J].Geophysical Prospec-ting for Petroleum,2005,44(5):499-503
[25]杨勤勇,赵群,王世星,等.纵波方位各向异性及其在裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):177-181Yang Q Y,Zhao Q,Wang S X,et al.P-wave azi-muthal anisotropy and its application in detection offractures[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole-um,2006,45(2):177-181
[26]甘其刚,杨振武,彭大钧.振幅随方位角变化裂缝检测技术及其应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):373-376Gan Q G,Yang Z W,Peng D J.AVA fracture detec-tion and its application in JM area[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2004,43(4):373-376
[27]邓道静.碳酸盐岩裂缝型储层叠前地震预测技术应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(2):133-137Deng D J.Case study of prestack prediction for frac-tured carbonate reservoir[J].Progress in Explora-tion Geophysics,2009,32(2):133-137
[2]杜丽英,杜丽娟,肖乾华,等.VTI介质中弹性参数地震反演方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,23(3):59-63Du L Y,Du L J,Xiao Q H,et al.A new approach toseismic inversion of elastic parameters for VTImedia[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,23(3):59-63
[3]罗小明,王世瑞.纵波VTI介质各向异性参数的求取[J].物探与化探,2006,30(3):233-235Luo X M,Wang S R.Estimation of anisotropy pa-rameters in VTI media using surface P-wave data[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2006,30(3):233-235
[4]吴国忱,梁锴.VTI介质准P波频率空间域组合边界条件研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(4):301-306Wu G C,Liang K.Combined boundary conditions ofquasi-P wave within frequency-space domain in VTImedia[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2005,44(4):301-306
[5]杜启振,董渊,杨慧珠.HTI介质横波正常时差速度反演[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,26(2):26-30Du Q Z,Dong Y,Yang H Z.Estimation of normalmoveout velocity of S-wave in horizontal transverseisotropic(HTI)media[J].Journal of the Universityof Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2002,26(2):26-30
[6]张世俊,杨慧珠,董渊,等.遗传算法反演HTI介质各向异性参数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):24-28Zhang S J,Yang H Z,Dong Y,et al.Inversion of an-isotropic parameters in HTI medium by genetic al-gorithm[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(1):24-28
[7]杜启振,杨慧珠.具有水平对称轴的横向各向同性线性粘弹性介质波场特征[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(1):14-18Du Q Z,Yang H Z.Characteristics analysis on wavefield in linear viscoelastic HTI media[J].Journal ofthe University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natu-ral Science),2003,27(1):14-18
[8]卢明辉,唐建侯,杨慧珠,等.正交各向异性介质P波走时分析及Thomsen参数反演[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1167-1171Lu M H,Tang J H,Yang H Z,et al.P-wave travel-time analysis and Thomsen parameters inversion inorthorhombic media[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,2005,48(5):1167-1171
[9]傅旦丹,何樵登.正交各向异性介质地震弹性波场的伪谱法正演模拟[J].石油物探,2001,40(3):8-14Fu D D,He J D.Elastic wavefield forward modelingwith pseudo-spectral method in orthorhombic anisot-ropy media[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole-um,2001,40(3):8-14
[10]张文生,宋海斌.三维正交各向异性介质三分量高精度有限差分正演模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):422-432Zhang W S,Song H B.Finite-difference forwardmodeling of three-component records with high pre-cision in 3-D orthorhombic anisotropic media[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,2001,36(4):422-432
[11]桂志先,贺振华,汪德雯.正交介质中地震波传播数值模拟与分析[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,23(3):21-23Gui Z X,He Z H,Wang D W.Numerical simulationand analysis of seismic wave propagation in ortho-tropic media[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum In-stitute,2001,23(3):21-23
[12]Wang E L,Han L G,Wang D L.Multi-azimuththree-component surface seismic modeling for visco-elastic cracked monoclinic media[J].Applied Geo-physics,2007,4(1):16-24
[13]王德利,何樵登,韩立国.单斜介质中方位NMO速度Thomsen参数反演方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(1):249-255Wang D L,He Q D,Han L G.Thomsen parameterinversion with azimuthal NMO velocity in monoclin-ic media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(1):249-255
[14]王德利,何樵登,韩立国.裂隙型单斜介质中多方位地面三分量记录模拟[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(2):386-393Wang D L,He Q D,Han L G.Multi-azimuth three-component surface seismic modeling for crackedmonoclinic media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophys-ics,2006,49(1):249-255
[15]王德利,何樵登.裂隙型单斜介质中弹性系数的计算及波的传播特性研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2002,32(2):181-185Wang D L,He Q D.Elastic constants calculationmethod and propagation properties for cracked mon-oclinic media[J].Journal of Jilin University(EarthScience Edition),2002,32(2):181-185
[16]吴国忱,罗彩明,梁楷.TTI介质弹性波频率—空间域有限差分数值模拟[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2007,37(5):1023-1033Wu G C,Luo J M,Liang K.Frequency-space domainfinite difference numerical simulation of elastic wavein TTI media[J].Journal of Jilin University(EarthScience Edition),2007,37(5):1023-1033
[17]轩义华,秦成岗,赵仁永,等.TTI介质中波传播的伪谱法折叠效应的消除方法研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(6):473-476Xuan Y H,Qin C G,Zhao R Y,et al.Wraparoundelimination technique for the pseudospectral wavesynthesis in TTI media[J].Computing Techniquesfor Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2007,29(6):473-476
[18]Xuan Y H,He Q D,Lin Yan.Phase velocity in 2DTTI media[J].Applied Geophysics,2007,4(1):25-28
[19]Thomsen L.Weak elastic anisotropy[J].Geophys-ics,1986,51(10):1954-1966
[20]赵烽帆,韩立国,林炎,等.TTI介质相速度理论研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(增刊2):123-126Zhao F F,Han L G,Lin Y,et al.Study for phase ve-locity of TTI media[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2006,36(S2):123-126
[21]轩义华.倾斜横向各向同性介质(TTI)参数反演方法研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007Xuan Y H.Research on inversion method in trans-versely isotropic media with a tilted symmetry axis[D].Jilin:Jilin University,2007
[22]郝奇.三维TTI介质地震波场正演模拟[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007Hao Q.Seismic wavefield modeling in 3DTTI media[D].Jilin:Jilin University,2007
[23]Pech A,Tsvankin I,Grechka V.Quartic moveout co-efficient:3Ddescription and application to tilted TImedia[J].Geophysics,2003,68(5):1600-1610
[24]朱兆林,赵爱国.裂缝介质的纵波方位AVO反演研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):499-503Zhu Z L,Zhao A G.Azimuthal AVO inversion of P-wave in fractured medium[J].Geophysical Prospec-ting for Petroleum,2005,44(5):499-503
[25]杨勤勇,赵群,王世星,等.纵波方位各向异性及其在裂缝检测中的应用[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):177-181Yang Q Y,Zhao Q,Wang S X,et al.P-wave azi-muthal anisotropy and its application in detection offractures[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole-um,2006,45(2):177-181
[26]甘其刚,杨振武,彭大钧.振幅随方位角变化裂缝检测技术及其应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):373-376Gan Q G,Yang Z W,Peng D J.AVA fracture detec-tion and its application in JM area[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2004,43(4):373-376
[27]邓道静.碳酸盐岩裂缝型储层叠前地震预测技术应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(2):133-137Deng D J.Case study of prestack prediction for frac-tured carbonate reservoir[J].Progress in Explora-tion Geophysics,2009,32(2):133-137
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