地震数据反假频规则化方法研究
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
由于诸多因素的影响,地震数据沿空间方向通常是稀疏采样的,因此引起较为严重的空间假频.本文提出一种反假频地震数据规则化的方法,采用Fourier变换域加权范数带限重建方法完成低频数据重建,利用自适应频谱加权范数的正则化项约束方程的解,将地震数据的带宽和谱形状作为先验信息,具有较好的低频重建特性.文中采用共轭梯度算法求解方程,而后利用重建的低频数据信息,应用频带延拓的方法重建高频数据,未知的高频带信息由重建的低频带信息构建.本方法在完成地震数据规则化的同时,可有效去除地震数据中的空间假频干扰.理论模型和实际资料处理均表明文中所提出的反假频地震数据规则化方法是有效可行的.
Due to economic and environmental factor,and so on,seismic data are usually sampled sparsely during acquisition,which will bring space alias badly and decrease seismic processing accuracy greatly.We propose an anti-aliasing method for seismic data regularization,which uses weighted norm band limited reconstruction method in Fourier transform domain to reconstruct the low frequency data,and adaptive spectrum weighted norm regularization term is used to constraint the solution of equations.The estimated spectrum periodogram during the previous iteration will be defined as weight during the next data reconstruction.Weight function in frequency domain is used to define weight matrix at each frequency component,and the aboving process can be performed in space or wavenumber domain.The method that weighted norm band limited reconstruction permit us use a priori spectrum shape information,so we regards bandwidth and spectral shape of the seismic data as a priori information,that is,the select weight contain bandwidth and spectrum shape,which has the better low-frequency reconstruction characteristics.In this paper,we use the conjugate gradient method to solve equation.Each frequency component of seismic data is not really isolated,that have certain association.By the reconstructed reliable low frequency data information,using frequency band extension method to reconstruct the high frequency data,the unknown high frequency band information can be constructed by the reconstructed low frequency band information.The automatic gain control of reconstructed low frequency data information is used as modulation signal during spectrum extension,then,we multiply low frequency data and modulation signal point by point,and whole frequency-band data generate over low and high frequency-band.We can obtain reconstructed high frequency information by high pass filter.The method can complete the seismic data regularization,at the same time,which can effectively remove spatial aliasing interference.Theoretical model and field data all show that the proposed anti-aliasing seismic data regularization method is effective and feasible.
引文
[1]刘定进,印兴耀.傅里叶有限差分法保幅叠前深度偏移方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(1):268-276.Liu D J,Yin X Y.A method of Fourier finite-differencepreserved-amplitude prestack depth migration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1):268-276.
    [2]张文生,关泉,宋海斌.高精度混合法叠前深度偏移及其并行实现[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(04):542-551.ZHANG WEN SHENG,GUAN QUAN,SONG HAI BIN.PRESTACK DEPTH MIGRATION BY HYBRID METHODWITH HIGH PRECISION AND ITS PARALLELIMPLEMENTATION.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(04):542-551.
    [3]王西文,刘文卿,王宇超,等.共反射角叠前偏移成像研究及应用[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(11):2732-2738.Wang X W,Liu W Q,Wang Y C,et al.Research andapplication of common reflection angle domain pre-stackmigration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(11):2732-2738.
    [4]金胜汶,许士勇,吴如山.基于波动方程的广义屏叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(05):684-690.JIN SHENG WEN,XU SHI YONG,WU RU SHAN.WAVE EQUATION BASED PRESTACK DEPTHMIGRATION USING GENERALIZED SCREENPROPAGATOR.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(05):684-690.
    [5]陈必远,马在田.三维叠前偏移新技术[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(3):400-407.CHEN BI YUAN,MA ZAI TIAN.NEW TECHNIC FOR 3DPRESTACK MIGRATION.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),1994,37(3):400-407.
    [6]熊登,赵伟,张剑锋.混合域高分辨率抛物Radon变换及在衰减多次波中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4):1068-1077.Xiong D,Zhao W,Zhang J F.Hybrid-domain high-resolutionparabolic Radon transform and its application to demultiple.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(4):1068-1077.
    [7]刘伊克,Hongchuan Sun,常旭.基于波射线路径偏移压制多次波[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):697-701.Liu Y K,Sun H C,Chang X.Multiple removal by wavepathmigration.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(4):697-701.
    [8]李翔,胡天跃.逆散射级数法去除自由表面多次波[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(6):1633-1640.Li X,Hu T Y.Surface-related multiple removal with inversescattering series method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(6):1633-1640.
    [9]马继涛,Mrinal K.Sen,陈小宏.平面波域反数据处理压制多次波方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(3):808-816.Ma J T,Mrinal K.Sen,Chen X H.Multiple attenuationusing inverse data processing in the plane-wave domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(3):808-816.
    [10]刘喜武,刘洪,刘彬.反假频非均匀地震数据重建方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):299-305.Liu X Wu,Liu H,Liu B.A study on algorithm forreconstruction of de-alias uneven seismic.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2):299-305.
    [11]李信富,李小凡.分形插值地震数据重建方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1196-1210.Li X F,Li X F.Seismic data reconstruction with fractalinterpolation.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(4):1196-1210.
    [12]孟小红,郭良辉,张致付,李淑玲,周建军.基于非均匀快速傅里叶变换的最小二乘反演地震数据重建[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):235-241.Meng X H,Guo L H,Zhang Z F,Li S L,Zhou J J.Reconstruction of seismic data with least squares inversionbased on nonuniform fast Fourier transform.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(1):235-241.
    [13]王维红,裴江云,张剑锋.加权抛物Radon变换叠前地震数据重建[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):851-859.Wang W H,Pei J Y,Zhang J F.Prestack seismic datareconstruction using weighted parabolic Radon transform.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3):851-859.
    [14]陆艳洪,陆文凯,翟正军.一种边缘保持的地震数据插值方法[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(3):991-997.Lu Y H,Lu W K,Zhai Z J.An edge-preserving seismic datainterpolation method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(3):991-997.
    [15]高建军,陈小宏,王芳芳,马剑.不规则地震道数据规则化重建方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(3):983-991.Gao J J,Chen X H,Wang F F,Ma J.Study on regularizedreconstruction of uneven seismic traces.Progress inGeophys.(in Chinese),2011,26(3):983-991.
    [16]孟小红,刘国锋,周建军.大间距地震数据重建方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):687-691.Meng X H,Liu G F,Zhou J J.The study of reconstructionof large gap seismic data.Progress in Geophys.(inChinese),2006,21(3):687-691.
    [17]Spitz,S.Seismic trace interpolation in the F-X domain[J].Geophysics,1991,56(6):785-794.
    [18]Gulunay N,Chambers R E.Unaliased f-k domain traceinterpolation[A].66th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,1996,1461-1464.
    [19]Guo J,Zhou X,Yang H J,Diao S.Efficient f-k domainseismic trace interpolation for spatially aliased data[A].66thAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,1996,1458-1460.
    [20]国九英,周兴元.F-K域等道距内插[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(2):211-218.Guo J Y,Zhou X Y,Yu S P.Iso-interval trace interpolationin F-K domain[J].Oil Geophysical Propecting(in Chinese),1996,31(2):211-218.
    [21]Gulunay N,Chambers R E.Generalized f-k domain traceinterpolation[A].67th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,1997,1100-1103.
    [22]Gulunay N.Seismic trace interpolation in the Fourier transformdomain[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):355-369.
    [23]Naghizadeh M,Sacchi M D.f-x adaptive seismic-trace interpolation[J].Geophysics,2009,74(1):9-16.
    [24]Kabir M M N,Verschuur D J.Restoration of missing offsetsby parabolic Radon transform[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43:347-368.
    [25]Hugonnet P,Canadas G.Regridding of irregular data using3-d radon decompositions[A].67th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,1997,1111-1114.
    [26]Trad D,Ulrych T J,Sacchi M D.Accurate interpolationwith high-resolution time-variant Radon transforms[J].Geophysics,2002,67(2):644-656.
    [27]Duijindam A J W,Schonewille M A,and Hindriks C O H.Reconstruction of band-limited signals,irregularly sampledalong one spatial direction[J].Geophysics,1999,64(2):524-538.
    [28]Hindriks K,Duijindam A J W.Reconstruction of 3-D seismicsignals irregularly sampled along two spatial coordinates[J].Geophysics,2000,65(1):253-263.
    [29]Zwartjes P M,Duijindam A J W.Optimizing reconstructionfor sparse spatial sampling[A].70th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,2000,2162-2165.
    [30]Sacchi M D,Ulrych T J.Estimation of the discrete Fouriertransforms:a linear inversion approach[J].Geophysics,1996,61:1128-1136.
    [31]Sacchi M D,Ulrych T J,Walker C J.Interpolation andextrapolation using a high-resolution discrete Fouriertransform[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1998,46(1):31-38.
    [32]Wang Y H.Sparseness-constrained least-squares inversion:Application to seismic wave reconstruction[J].Geophysics,2003,68(5):1633-1638.
    [33]Zwartjes,P.M.,Sacchi M.D.Fourier reconstruction ofnonuniformly sampled,aliased seismic data[J].Geophysics,2007,72(1):21-32.
    [34]Liu B,Sacchi M D.Minimum weighted norm interpolation ofseismic data with adaptive weights[A].71th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,2001,1921-1924.
    [35]Liu B,Sacchi M D.2D/3Dseismic wavefield reconstructionfor AVA imaging[A].73th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.ofExpl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,2003,235-238.
    [36]Liu B,Sacchi M D.Simultaneous interpolation of 4spatialdimension[A].74th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.of Expl.Geophys.[C],Expanded Abstracts,2004,2009-2012.
    [37]Liu Bin,Sacchi M D.Minimum weighted norm interpolationof seismic records[J].Geophysics,2004,69(6):1560-1568.
    [38]Sheng Xu,Yu Zhang,and Don Pham,et al.AntileakageFourier transform for seismic data regularization.Geophysics,2010,70(4):87-95.
    [39]Sheng Xu,Yu Zhang,and Gilles Lambaré.Antileakage Fouriertransform for seismic data regularization in higherdimensions.Geophysics,2010,75(6):WB113-WB120.
    [40]曾锐,刘洪,等.基于自动增益控制调制法的高频重建技术.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):850-859.Zeng R,Liu H,et al.High frequency reconstructiontechnique based on auto gain control modulation[J].Progressin Geophysics,2007,22(3):850-859.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心