龙门山断裂带隆起造山独特性探讨
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摘要
龙门山断裂带位于四川盆地西缘,青藏高原东部,为四川盆地与松潘—甘孜地块的接触构造边界。龙门山地区海拔从东侧100 km外四川盆地的500 m突升至3 000 m高度,明显地标注了青藏高原的东部边界,其隆升机制也引起了国内外地质工作者的广泛兴趣,并且提出了多种隆升机制模型。在本次研究中,我们利用SinoProbe-02深反射地震剖面数据对龙门山地区的隆升机制进行研究,从而进一步探讨龙门山地区隆起造山的独特性,并讨论其与传统意义中的造山带的区别,认为龙门山断裂造山带为板块内部构造活动引起岩石圈隆起所形成的。本文的研究结果将使我们更深刻地了解龙门山地区的构造活动特点,并且有助于了解青藏高原东缘对印度-欧亚板块碰撞的构造响应。
The Longmen Shan range is located between the Sichuan Basin and the eastern Tibetan Plateau.It acts as a tectonic boundary between the Sichuan Basin and the Songpan-Ganzi terrane.The Longmen Shan range rises above the sea level to about 3 000 m from 500 m of the Sichuan Basin to the east within a scope of 100 km,which has obviously marked the eastern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau.Its rising mechanism has attracted great interests among geologists and numerous models were proposed accordingly.In this paper,based on the SinoProbe-02 310 km-long deep seismic reflection profile,we carry out a study on the mountain building process of the Longmen Shan Range.A further discussion will be given to study the uplifting mechanism of the Longmen Shan range.The results will be used to compare with the conventional orogenic process.In addition,the results of this paper will help us further understand the tectonic features of the Longmen Shan range and will contribute to greatly understanding the tectonic response of eastern Tibet to the ongoing India-Eurasia collision.
The Longmen Shan range is located between the Sichuan Basin and the eastern Tibetan Plateau.It acts as a tectonic boundary between the Sichuan Basin and the Songpan-Ganzi terrane.The Longmen Shan range rises above the sea level to about 3 000 m from 500 m of the Sichuan Basin to the east within a scope of 100 km,which has obviously marked the eastern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau.Its rising mechanism has attracted great interests among geologists and numerous models were proposed accordingly.In this paper,based on the SinoProbe-02 310 km-long deep seismic reflection profile,we carry out a study on the mountain building process of the Longmen Shan Range.A further discussion will be given to study the uplifting mechanism of the Longmen Shan range.The results will be used to compare with the conventional orogenic process.In addition,the results of this paper will help us further understand the tectonic features of the Longmen Shan range and will contribute to greatly understanding the tectonic response of eastern Tibet to the ongoing India-Eurasia collision.
引文
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Tapponnier P,Xu Z Q,Roger F et al.2001.Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet Plateau.Science,294(5547):1671—1677.
Van der Pluijm B A and Marshak S.2004.Earth Structure:An Introduction to Structural Geology and Tectonics(2~(nd)Edition).New York:W.W.Norton.1—656.
Xu X W,Wen X Z,Chen G H et al.2008.Discovery of the Longriba fault zone in eastern Bayan Har block,China and its tectonic implication.Science in China(Series D),51(9):1209—1223.
Yang W R,Deng Q L and Wu X L.2002.Major characteristics of the Lajishan orogenic belt of the south Qilian Mountains and its geotectonic attributes.Acta Geologica Sinica,76(1):110—117.
Yin A and Nie S.1993.An indentation model for the North and South China collision and the development of the Tan-Lu and Honam fault systems,eastern Asia.Tectonics,12(4):801—813.
Zhang Z J,Wang Y,Chen Y et al.2009.Crustal structure across Longmenshan fault belt from passive source seismic profiling.Geophysical Research Letters,36(17):doi:10.1029/2009GL039580.
Zhou D and Graham S A.1996.Songpan-Ganzi Triassic flysch complex of the West Qinling Shan as a remnant ocean basin.In;Yin A and Harrison M(Eds.).The Tectonic Evolution of Asia.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.281—299.
Zhu S B and Zhang P Z.2010.Numeric modeling of the strain accumulation and release of the 2008 Wenchuan,Sichuan,China,earthquake.BSSA,100(5B):2825—2839.
Harrowfield M J and Wilson C J L.2005.Indosinian deformation of the Songpan GarzS fold belt,Northeast Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Structural Geology,27(1):101—117.
Lu R Q,He D F,Suppe J et al.2012.Along-strike variation of the frontal zone structural geometry of the central Longmen Shan thrust belt revealed by seismic reflection profiles.Tectonophysics,580:178—191.
Nalbant S S and McCloskey J.2011.Stress evolution before and after the 2008 Wenchuan,China earthquake.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,307(1—2):222—232.
Nie S,Yin A,Rowley D B et al.1994.Exhumation of the Dabie Shan ultra-high-presstire rocks and accumulation of the Songpan-Ganzi flysch sequence,central China.Geology,22(11):999—1002.
Reid A J,Wilson C J L and Liu S.2005.Structural evidence for the Permo-Triassic tectonic evolution of the Yidun Arc,eastern Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Structural Geology,27(1):119—137.
Reid A J,Wilson C J L,Liu S et al.2007.Mesozoic plutons of the Yidun Arc,SW China:U/Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic signature.Ore Geology Review,31(1—4):88—106.
Roger F,Malavieille J,Leloup P H et al.2004.Timing of granite emplacement and cooling in the Songpan-Garze'fold belt(eastern Tibetan Plateau)with tectonic implications.Journal of Asian Earth Science,22(5):465—481.
Roger F,Jolivet M,Cattin R et al.2011.Mesozoic-Cenozoic teetonothermal evolution of the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau(Songpan-Garze,Longmen Shan area):Insights from thermochronological data and simple thermal modeling.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,353:9—25.
Royden L H,Burchfiel B C,King R W et al.1997.Surface deformation and lower crustal flow in eastern Tibet.Science,276(5313):788—790.
Shen ZK,L(u|¨)J N,Wang M et al.2005.Contemporary crustal deformation around the southeast borderland of the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Geophysical Research,111(B11):doi:10.102 9/2004JB003421.
Shen Z K,Sun J B,Zhang P Z et al.2009.Slip maxima at fault junctions and rupturing of barriers during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.Nature Geoscience,2:718—724.
Tapponnier P,Xu Z Q,Roger F et al.2001.Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet Plateau.Science,294(5547):1671—1677.
Van der Pluijm B A and Marshak S.2004.Earth Structure:An Introduction to Structural Geology and Tectonics(2~(nd)Edition).New York:W.W.Norton.1—656.
Xu X W,Wen X Z,Chen G H et al.2008.Discovery of the Longriba fault zone in eastern Bayan Har block,China and its tectonic implication.Science in China(Series D),51(9):1209—1223.
Yang W R,Deng Q L and Wu X L.2002.Major characteristics of the Lajishan orogenic belt of the south Qilian Mountains and its geotectonic attributes.Acta Geologica Sinica,76(1):110—117.
Yin A and Nie S.1993.An indentation model for the North and South China collision and the development of the Tan-Lu and Honam fault systems,eastern Asia.Tectonics,12(4):801—813.
Zhang Z J,Wang Y,Chen Y et al.2009.Crustal structure across Longmenshan fault belt from passive source seismic profiling.Geophysical Research Letters,36(17):doi:10.1029/2009GL039580.
Zhou D and Graham S A.1996.Songpan-Ganzi Triassic flysch complex of the West Qinling Shan as a remnant ocean basin.In;Yin A and Harrison M(Eds.).The Tectonic Evolution of Asia.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.281—299.
Zhu S B and Zhang P Z.2010.Numeric modeling of the strain accumulation and release of the 2008 Wenchuan,Sichuan,China,earthquake.BSSA,100(5B):2825—2839.
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