乌鲁木齐王家沟断层组地表变形特征及强变形带宽度
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摘要
王家沟断层组断错了中更新世砾石台地及王家沟东岸的Ⅲ级阶地,地貌形迹非常清晰,地表变形现象主要表现为地震断层、断层陡坎和挤压鼓包等。根据不同地貌面上跨断层测量获得的一系列实测数据,得到王家沟Ⅲ级阶地上的地表陡坎高度为0.4～1.6m,最大变形带宽度为50m左右;中更新世台地上的陡坎高度多为1.5～5.0m,最大变形带宽度为90m左右。利用探槽开挖揭露出的断层位置与地表强变形带测量剖面的叠加对比,初步确定王家沟断层组上、下盘之间变形宽度的比例为2:1左右,并由此讨论了王家沟断层组上、下盘的"避让带"宽度问题。
The Wangjiagou Fault set,a set of Holocene active faults,is located at western suburbs of Urumqi City.The faults dislocated the gravel platform of the mid Pleistocene and the third level terrace of the Wangjiagou east bank,generating apparent fault scarps of opposite-slope direction on the surface with clear geomorphic traces.There are a series of deformation indications on landform,such as seismic fault,scarp and upheaval.In the field,thirty-nine groups of data were measured by using line tape along the fault.Among them,six were measured on the third level terrace of the Wangjiagou,and the others on the mid Pleistocene platform.Based on the data measured across the fault,we obtain that the height of the scarps is 0.4～1.6m and the width of the fault deformation is about 50m on the third level terrace.And on the mid Pleistocene platform,the height of scarps is 1.5～5.0m and the width of the deformation is about 90m.After comparing the profile of strong topographic deformation zone with the trench section,we primarily recognize that the ratio of hanging wall to foot wall deformation width is 2: 1approximately.The widths of strong surface deformation belt on the mid Pleistocene platform and the third level terrace on the two walls are 60m,30m and 33m,17m,respectively.
The Wangjiagou Fault set,a set of Holocene active faults,is located at western suburbs of Urumqi City.The faults dislocated the gravel platform of the mid Pleistocene and the third level terrace of the Wangjiagou east bank,generating apparent fault scarps of opposite-slope direction on the surface with clear geomorphic traces.There are a series of deformation indications on landform,such as seismic fault,scarp and upheaval.In the field,thirty-nine groups of data were measured by using line tape along the fault.Among them,six were measured on the third level terrace of the Wangjiagou,and the others on the mid Pleistocene platform.Based on the data measured across the fault,we obtain that the height of the scarps is 0.4～1.6m and the width of the fault deformation is about 50m on the third level terrace.And on the mid Pleistocene platform,the height of scarps is 1.5～5.0m and the width of the deformation is about 90m.After comparing the profile of strong topographic deformation zone with the trench section,we primarily recognize that the ratio of hanging wall to foot wall deformation width is 2: 1approximately.The widths of strong surface deformation belt on the mid Pleistocene platform and the third level terrace on the two walls are 60m,30m and 33m,17m,respectively.
引文
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张培震.2008.中国地震灾害与防震减灾[J].地震地质,30(3):577—583.ZHANG Pei-zhen.2008.Earthquake disaster characteristics and defense in China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):577—583(in Chinese).
周庆,徐锡伟,于贵华,等.2008.汶川8.0级地震地表破裂带宽度调查[J].地震地质,30(3):778—788.ZHOU Qing,XU Xi-wei,YU Gui-hua,et al.2008.Investigation on widths of surface rupture zones of the M8.0Wen-chuan Earthquake,Sichuan Province,China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):778—788(in Chinese).
李锡堤,郑锦桐,廖启雯.2000.921集集大地震的地盘变形现象及断层禁限建问题[A].见:第八届台湾地区地球物理研讨会论文集.669—675.LI Xi-di,ZHENG Jin-tong,LIAO Qi-wen.2000.Ground deformation of the Chi-Chi Earthquake and problems of no orlimited construction on active faults[A].In:Collection Papers of the8th Taiwan Geophysics Meeting.669—675(in Chinese).
冉勇康,陈立春,沈军,等.2007.乌鲁木齐西山断裂组与地表破裂型逆断层古地震识别标志[J].地震地质,29(2):218—235.RAN Yong-kang,CHEN Li-chun,SHEN Jun,et al.2007.Xishan Fault group near Urumqi City and paleoearthquake i-dentification on reverse fault[J].Seismology and Geology,29(2):218—235(in Chinese).
沈军,宋和平,李军.2007.乌鲁木齐城市活断层发震模型初探[J].内陆地震,21(3):193—204.SHEN Jun,SONG He-ping,LI Jun.2007.Preliminary study on seismogenic tectonic model for active fault in UrumqiCity[J].Inland Earthquake,21(3):193—204(in Chinese).
沈军,宋和平.2008.乌鲁木齐城市活断层探测与地震危险性评价主要成果简介[J].地震地质,30(1):273—288.SHEN Jun,SONG He-ping.2008.Brief introduction on the predominant results of the active fault detecting and seismicrisk assessment in Urumqi City[J].Seismology and Geology,30(1):273—288(in Chinese).
吴传勇,沈军,李军,等.2008.乌鲁木齐西山逆断层组的新活动特征[J].中国地震,24(4):337—344.WU Chuan-yong,SHEN Jun,LI Jun,et al.2008.Recent activity characteristics of the Xishan Fault group in Urumqi[J].Earthquake Research in China,24(4):337—344(in Chinese).
吴传勇,沈军,李军,等.2009.乌鲁木齐西山断层系的新构造变形特征与机制[J].地震学报,31(1):42—49.WU Chuan-yong,SHEN Jun,LI Jun,et al.2009.Neotectonic deformation feature and mechanism of the Xishan Faultsystem in Urumqi[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,22(1):69—74.
徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.2008.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,30(3):597—629.XU Xi-wei,WEN Xue-ze,YE Jian-qing,et al.2008.The MS8.0Wenchuan Earthquake surface ruptures and its seis-mogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):597—629(in Chinese).
徐锡伟,于贵华,马文涛,等.2002.活断层地震地表破裂“避让带”宽度确定的依据与方法[J].地震地质,24(4):470—483.XU Xi-wei,YU Gui-hua,MA Wen-tao,et al.2002.Evidence and methods for determining the safety distance from thepotential earthquake surface rupture on active fault[J].Seismology and Geology,24(4):470—483(in Chi-nese).
于贵华,徐锡伟,陈桂华,等.2009.汶川8.0级地震地表变形局部化样式与建筑物破坏特征关系初步研究[J].地球物理学报,52(12):3027—3041.YU Gui-hua,XU Xi-wei,CHEN Gui-hua,et al.2009.Relationship between the localization of earthquake surface rup-tures and building damages associated with the Wenchuan MS8.0earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,52(12):3027—3041(in Chinese).
中国地震局赴土耳其地震现场考察专家组.2000.伊兹米特地震的几点启示[J].国际地震动态,(1):24—27.Expert Group of CEA to Turkey for Earthquake Site Investigation.2000.Some enlightenments gained from the Izmitearthquake[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,(1):24—27(in Chinese).
张培震.2008.中国地震灾害与防震减灾[J].地震地质,30(3):577—583.ZHANG Pei-zhen.2008.Earthquake disaster characteristics and defense in China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):577—583(in Chinese).
周庆,徐锡伟,于贵华,等.2008.汶川8.0级地震地表破裂带宽度调查[J].地震地质,30(3):778—788.ZHOU Qing,XU Xi-wei,YU Gui-hua,et al.2008.Investigation on widths of surface rupture zones of the M8.0Wen-chuan Earthquake,Sichuan Province,China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(3):778—788(in Chinese).
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