储层预测技术在厄瓜多尔西海岸地区的应用
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摘要
储层预测技术已成为岩性油气藏勘探中的一项常规技术.厄瓜多尔西海岸地区蕴含着丰富的石油和天然气资源,但整个地区勘探程度相对较低,使用宽带约束地震反演技术进行储层预测是非常必要的.选择瓜亚基尔工区,使用地震纯波数据进行储层预测研究.首先进行测井曲线标准化处理,利用阻抗-伽玛交汇图分析确定储层岩石地球物理特征,然后针对目的层进行稀疏脉冲反演和储层厚度的计算,最后对反演结果和储层平面分布特征进行分析,确定有利勘探目标.预测的砂岩厚度和已钻井实测的砂岩厚度之间的误差很小,吻合较好,从而证明了该技术的有效性.
Reservoir prediction technique has become a conventional technology in lithologic exploration of oil and gas reservoir.Commonly used methods of reservoir prediction mainly include seismic multi-attribute analysis and seismic inversion.Seismic attributes analysis is a qualitative method to predict reservoir,while seismic inversion is a quantitative prediction of reservoir.The latter is used in this paper for the study.The West Coast of Ecuador is located in western Ecuador on the Pacific Coast,at least there are three distinct strike-slip transform forearc basins along the West Coast of Ecuador based on facies,stratigraphy,structural styles and tectonic evolution in western Ecuador,from south to north they are respectively: Progreso Basin,Manabí Basin and Borbón Basin,which are forearc basins along the coastline formed under the action of the plate.The history of oil and gas exploration of the West Coast of Ecuador was nearly a hundred years and a number of oil and gas fields were found since oil and gas exploration in the early stage of last century.There are abundant oil and gas resources in this area,but the exploration of the entire region was relatively low,and it's very necessary to use broadband constrained seismic inversion technology for reservoir prediction.Guayaquil area was selected to use seismic data without AGC or filter for the study of reservoir prediction.First of all logging curve was standardized,impedance-gamma crossplot analysis was used to determine reservoir rock geophysical characteristics.And then aiming at the target layer logging constrained sparse spike inversion and calculation of reservoir thickness were carried out.Finally inversion results and plan distribution characteristics of reservoir were analyzed to determine the favorable exploration targets.The error between the predicted sandstone thickness and measured thickness of the sandstone of drilled wells is very small,which fits well with sand sections in the wells.Thus the effectiveness of this technique is verified.
Reservoir prediction technique has become a conventional technology in lithologic exploration of oil and gas reservoir.Commonly used methods of reservoir prediction mainly include seismic multi-attribute analysis and seismic inversion.Seismic attributes analysis is a qualitative method to predict reservoir,while seismic inversion is a quantitative prediction of reservoir.The latter is used in this paper for the study.The West Coast of Ecuador is located in western Ecuador on the Pacific Coast,at least there are three distinct strike-slip transform forearc basins along the West Coast of Ecuador based on facies,stratigraphy,structural styles and tectonic evolution in western Ecuador,from south to north they are respectively: Progreso Basin,Manabí Basin and Borbón Basin,which are forearc basins along the coastline formed under the action of the plate.The history of oil and gas exploration of the West Coast of Ecuador was nearly a hundred years and a number of oil and gas fields were found since oil and gas exploration in the early stage of last century.There are abundant oil and gas resources in this area,but the exploration of the entire region was relatively low,and it's very necessary to use broadband constrained seismic inversion technology for reservoir prediction.Guayaquil area was selected to use seismic data without AGC or filter for the study of reservoir prediction.First of all logging curve was standardized,impedance-gamma crossplot analysis was used to determine reservoir rock geophysical characteristics.And then aiming at the target layer logging constrained sparse spike inversion and calculation of reservoir thickness were carried out.Finally inversion results and plan distribution characteristics of reservoir were analyzed to determine the favorable exploration targets.The error between the predicted sandstone thickness and measured thickness of the sandstone of drilled wells is very small,which fits well with sand sections in the wells.Thus the effectiveness of this technique is verified.
引文
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[15]吕铁良,王永刚,谢万学,等.稀疏脉冲反演技术在井间地震反演中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):58-63.LüT L,Wang Y G,Xie W X,et al.Application of sparsepulse inversion in crosswell seismic inversion[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2007,46(1):58-63.
[16]张超英,周小鹰,董宁.测井约束的地震反演在鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):918-923.Zhang C Y,Zhou X Y,Dong N.Seismic inversionconstrained by wells in the Daniu gas-field in Eerduosi basin[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(4):918-923.
[17]刘爱群,盖永浩.测井约束反演过程中测井资料统计分析研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1487-1492.Liu A Q,Gai Y H.Analysis and research of log informationin the process of oil well logging restraint inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1487-1492.
[18]刘双莲,李浩,陆黄生.测井资料在储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):2045-2053.Liu S L,Li H,Lu H S.The application of log data in thestudy of reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2010,25(6):2045-2053.
[19]刘卫华,高建虎,陈启艳,等.测井资料岩石物理分析在苏西地区储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):939-945.Liu W H,Gao J H,Chen Q Y,et al.Application of rockphysics parameters analysis with logs data to reservoirprediction in the SX area[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2010,25(3):939-945.
[20]邵才瑞,宋慧莹,张福明,等.利用标准砂层组采用趋势面分析进行多井资料标准化[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(3):1031-1038.Shao C R,Song H Y,Zhang F M,et al.Using standardsand set to do multi-well logs normalization with histogramand trend surface analysis technology[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(3):1031-1038.
[21]徐德龙,李涛,黄宝华,等.利用交会图法识别国外M油田岩性与流体类型的研究[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(3):1123-1132.Xu D L,Li T,Huang B H,et al.Research on theidentification of the lithology and fluid type of foreign Moilfield by using the crossplot method[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(3):1123-1132.
[22]周仲礼,张艳芳,冯赵剑,等.地震反演技术在生物礁(滩)储层预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):34-36.Zhou Z L,Zhang Y F,Feng Z J,et al.Application of seismicinversion technique in predicting reservoirs with organic reef/bank faces[J].Natural Gas Industry(in Chinese),2008,28(12):34-36.
[2]Marcaillou B,Collot J Y.Chronostratigraphy and tectonicdeformation of the North Ecuadorian-South Colombianoffshore Manglares forearc basin[J].Marine Geology,2008,255(1-2):30-44.
[3]Debra K H.The Progreso Basin Province of NorthwesternPeru and Southwestern Ecuador:Neogene and Cretaceous-Paleogene Total Petroleum Systems.Version 1.0[R].Reston:U.S.Geological Survey,2004.
[4]Di Celma C,Cantalamessa G,Landini W,et al.Stratigraphicevolution from shoreface to shelf-indenting channeldepositional systems during transgression:insights from thelower Pliocene Súa Member of the basal Upper OnzoleFormation,Borbón Basin,northwest Ecuador[J].SedimentaryGeology,2010,223(1-2):162-179.
[5]Deng G Z,Yang X B,et al.Reporte final de interpretación eintergración del subsuelo en la Región Litoral Ecuatoriana[R].Internal Report,SINOPEC,2010,Quito.
[6]张文,陈文侠.长春岭油田储层预测研究[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(2):494-500.Zhang W,Chen W X.Reservoir prediction research in theChangchun ling oil field[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2009,24(2):494-500.
[7]王光明.辽河坳陷大民屯凹陷三台子地区下第三系碎屑岩储层预测研究[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(3):1143-1153.Wang G M.Lower Paleogene clastic rock reservoir predictingresearch for damintun sag of Liaohe depression in Santaizi area[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(3):1143-1153.
[8]李林,刘兵,李绪深,等.多属性预测在涠西南凹陷烃源岩研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(5):1737-1743.Li L,Liu B,Li X S,et al.Application of multi-attributeprediction to the Weixinan depression dominate source rock[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(5):1737-1743.
[9]彭真明,李亚林,巫盛洪,等.碳酸盐岩储层多角度弹性阻抗流体识别方法[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):881-885.Peng Z M,Li Y L,Wu S H,et al.Discriminating gas andwater using multi-angle extended elastic impedance inversion incarbonate reservoirs[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(3):881-885.
[10]马劲风.地震勘探中广义弹性阻抗的正反演[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):118-124.Ma J F.Forward modeling and inversion method ofgeneralized elastic impedance in seismic exploration[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(1):118-124.
[11]年静波,张尔华,刘喜斌,等.我国东部复杂断块区三维地震反演与储集层预测[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(2):184-187.Nian J B,Zhang E H,Liu X B,et al.3Dseismic inversionand reservoir prediction in complex fault block in East China[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology(in Chinese),2006,27(2):184-187.
[12]崔成军,龚姚进,申大媛.波阻抗反演在储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):9-15.Cui Ch J,Gong Y J,Shen D Y.Application of waveimpedance inversion to reservoir prediction research[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,25(1):9-15.
[13]曹丹平,印兴耀,张繁昌.多尺度地震资料联合反演方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4):1059-1067.Cao D P,Yin X Y,Zhang F C,et al.A study on the methodof joint inversion of multiscale seismic data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(4):1059-1067.
[14]苗广文,刘聪,王典,等.波阻抗反演在吉林探区煤层特征分析及储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1788-1795.Miao G W,Liu C,Wang,et al.The application ofimpedance inversion for characteristics analysis and reservoirprediction in Jilin coalfield[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2011,26(5):1788-1795.
[15]吕铁良,王永刚,谢万学,等.稀疏脉冲反演技术在井间地震反演中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):58-63.LüT L,Wang Y G,Xie W X,et al.Application of sparsepulse inversion in crosswell seismic inversion[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2007,46(1):58-63.
[16]张超英,周小鹰,董宁.测井约束的地震反演在鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(4):918-923.Zhang C Y,Zhou X Y,Dong N.Seismic inversionconstrained by wells in the Daniu gas-field in Eerduosi basin[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(4):918-923.
[17]刘爱群,盖永浩.测井约束反演过程中测井资料统计分析研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1487-1492.Liu A Q,Gai Y H.Analysis and research of log informationin the process of oil well logging restraint inversion[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1487-1492.
[18]刘双莲,李浩,陆黄生.测井资料在储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):2045-2053.Liu S L,Li H,Lu H S.The application of log data in thestudy of reservoir prediction[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2010,25(6):2045-2053.
[19]刘卫华,高建虎,陈启艳,等.测井资料岩石物理分析在苏西地区储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):939-945.Liu W H,Gao J H,Chen Q Y,et al.Application of rockphysics parameters analysis with logs data to reservoirprediction in the SX area[J].Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2010,25(3):939-945.
[20]邵才瑞,宋慧莹,张福明,等.利用标准砂层组采用趋势面分析进行多井资料标准化[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(3):1031-1038.Shao C R,Song H Y,Zhang F M,et al.Using standardsand set to do multi-well logs normalization with histogramand trend surface analysis technology[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(3):1031-1038.
[21]徐德龙,李涛,黄宝华,等.利用交会图法识别国外M油田岩性与流体类型的研究[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(3):1123-1132.Xu D L,Li T,Huang B H,et al.Research on theidentification of the lithology and fluid type of foreign Moilfield by using the crossplot method[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(3):1123-1132.
[22]周仲礼,张艳芳,冯赵剑,等.地震反演技术在生物礁(滩)储层预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):34-36.Zhou Z L,Zhang Y F,Feng Z J,et al.Application of seismicinversion technique in predicting reservoirs with organic reef/bank faces[J].Natural Gas Industry(in Chinese),2008,28(12):34-36.
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