南海1∶100万海南岛幅海洋区域地质调查与编图成果综述
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摘要
2006—2011年,中国地质调查局实施了1∶100万海南岛幅海洋区域地质调查与编图项目,采用深水多波束、高分辨率单道地震、多道地震、重力、磁力、热流、地质取样、浅地层钻探等地质-地球物理综合调查手段,对海南岛幅内的海底地形地貌、表层沉积物、晚第四纪地层及沉积环境、海底热流、断裂构造及岩浆活动、深部地壳结构、灾害地质以及矿产资源等分布特征开展了调查与研究。本图幅取得的主要成果为:(1)在南海北部发现了新的海底峡谷群,对地理实体进行了命名,划分了海底地貌单元;(2)分析了海底表层及柱状沉积物类型、矿物和地球化学等分布特征;(3)建立了图幅晚更新世以来沉积地层框架,并对沉积环境及古气候演变进行了综合分析;(4)开展了重力、磁力、地震资料的联合反演,分析了深部地壳结构特征;(5)图幅内存在滑坡、泥底辟、埋藏古河道等灾害地质现象,对灾害地质的成因和分布特征进行了深入分析;(6)开展了图幅内的石油与天然气、天然气水合物、重砂矿物、建筑用砂等矿产资源远景区的划分及预测;(7)编制了地形图、地貌图、地质图、构造图、矿产图和环境地质因素图等基础性成果图件以及系列辅助性地质地球物理图件。海南岛幅调查与编图项目的顺利完成为我国全面开展1∶100万海洋区域地质调查提供了很好的借鉴作用。
The 1∶1000000marine geological survey and mapping project of Hainan sheet was implemented by Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey during 2006—2011.Detailed investigation and research on bathymetry,geomorphology,surface sediments,late Quaternary stratigraphy and depositional environments,heat flow,faults and magmatic activities,crustal structure,geo-hazards as well as mineral and energy resources have been carried out with various geological and geophysical survey methods.The mainly results of the project are as follows:(1)Submarine canyons,gullies and huge pockmarks have been found and submarine geomorphologic units subdivided using the high resolution bathymetric data;(2)The distribution patterns of surface sediments,minerals and geochemistry have been analyzed;(3)The Late Quaternary depositional sequences has been established and the changes in climate and environment analyzed;(4)The crustal structure of the area has been inversed with the integrated gravity,magnetic and seismic data;(5)Geo-hazards,such as slides,buried channels,shallow gas and mud diapirs,have been found in the survey area;(6)Petroleum prospects,gas hydrates and solid mineral resources with possible commercial value have been evaluated;(7)The bathymetric map,geomorphological map,geological map,tectonic map,mineral resource map and geo-hazard map as well as a series thematic geophysical maps have been compiled and submitted.
The 1∶1000000marine geological survey and mapping project of Hainan sheet was implemented by Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey during 2006—2011.Detailed investigation and research on bathymetry,geomorphology,surface sediments,late Quaternary stratigraphy and depositional environments,heat flow,faults and magmatic activities,crustal structure,geo-hazards as well as mineral and energy resources have been carried out with various geological and geophysical survey methods.The mainly results of the project are as follows:(1)Submarine canyons,gullies and huge pockmarks have been found and submarine geomorphologic units subdivided using the high resolution bathymetric data;(2)The distribution patterns of surface sediments,minerals and geochemistry have been analyzed;(3)The Late Quaternary depositional sequences has been established and the changes in climate and environment analyzed;(4)The crustal structure of the area has been inversed with the integrated gravity,magnetic and seismic data;(5)Geo-hazards,such as slides,buried channels,shallow gas and mud diapirs,have been found in the survey area;(6)Petroleum prospects,gas hydrates and solid mineral resources with possible commercial value have been evaluated;(7)The bathymetric map,geomorphological map,geological map,tectonic map,mineral resource map and geo-hazard map as well as a series thematic geophysical maps have been compiled and submitted.
引文
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[3]梁金强,杨木壮.西沙海槽区天然气水合物资源调查报告[R].广州海洋地质调查局,2001.[LIANG Jinqiang,YANG Muzhuang.Survey report of gas hydrate resources in Xisha Trough[R].Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,2001.]
[4]王圣洁,刘锡清,戴勤奋,等.中国海砂资源分布特征及找矿方向[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(3):83-89.[WANG Shengjie,LIU Xiqing,DAI Qinfen et al.Distribution characteristics of marine aggrecate resources and potential prospect in China[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2003,23(3):83-89.]
[5]曹雪晴,谭启新,张勇,等.中国近海建筑砂矿床特征[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2007,26(2):164-170.[CAO Xueqing,TAN Qixin,ZHANG Yong,et al.Characteristics of construction marine sand deposits in offshore area of China[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2007,26(2):164-170.]
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