多尺度岩溶相控碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏储集体建模方法
|
摘要
以塔河油田为代表的碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏是中国近年来投入开发的大型油藏,其储集空间类型主要为大型溶洞、溶蚀孔洞及裂缝,且尺度大小悬殊,形态不规则,分布不连续。定量表征孔、洞、缝在三维空间的分布一直是该类油藏开发的技术难题,目前尚缺乏有效的储层建模方法。以塔河油田4区碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏为原型,研究并提出了多尺度岩溶相控缝洞储集体建模方法,即在古岩溶发育模式控制下,根据缝洞尺度的差异,采用两步法建模:笫1步建立4个单一类型储集体离散分布模型,即利用地震识别大型溶洞和大尺度裂缝,通过确定性建模方法,建立离散大型溶洞模型和离散大尺度裂缝模型;在岩溶相控约束下,基于溶洞发育概率体和井间裂缝发育概率体,采用随机模拟多属性协同模拟方法,建立溶蚀孔洞模型和小尺度离散裂缝模型。第2步采用同位条件赋值算法,将4个单一类型储集体模型融合成多尺度离散缝洞储集体三维分布模型。该模型的建立定量表征了缝洞储集体在三维空间的展布特征,可以为油田开发奠定坚实的地质基础。
Fractured-cavity carbonate reservoir represented by the Tahe oilfield in recent years in China is in the development of the large reservoir.The reservoir space types are mainly large caves,dissolved holes and multiscale fractures.Scale size disparity,irregular shape,and distribution are not continuous.Quantitative characterization of reservoir in 3D spatial distribution has been a technical problem,there is still lack of effective reservoir modeling method.In this paper,taking Tahe fractured-cavity carbonate reservoirs as the prototype,multiscale karst facies-controlling fractured-cavity carbonate reservoirs modeling method was studied and proposed.This method under control of the ancient karst development mode,according to the differences of measure,using two step modeling method:The first step is in the establishment of four discrete distribution models of a single type of reservoir,namely the use of seismic identification and description of the results,the establish certainty a large cave discrete distribution model and large-scale fracture discrete distribution model,in karst facies constraints,based on the probability of caves and fractures development body between the body and the wells,multi-attribute co-simulation,and the establishment of the dissolved holes stochastic model,and the small scale fractures discrete model;The second step is using parity conditions assignment algorithm,four single type of model integrae into multi-scale discrete fractured-cavity reservoir 3D distribution model.Quantitatively characterize the distribution characteristics of fractured-cavity reservoir in 3D space has laid a solid geological foundation for oilfield development.
Fractured-cavity carbonate reservoir represented by the Tahe oilfield in recent years in China is in the development of the large reservoir.The reservoir space types are mainly large caves,dissolved holes and multiscale fractures.Scale size disparity,irregular shape,and distribution are not continuous.Quantitative characterization of reservoir in 3D spatial distribution has been a technical problem,there is still lack of effective reservoir modeling method.In this paper,taking Tahe fractured-cavity carbonate reservoirs as the prototype,multiscale karst facies-controlling fractured-cavity carbonate reservoirs modeling method was studied and proposed.This method under control of the ancient karst development mode,according to the differences of measure,using two step modeling method:The first step is in the establishment of four discrete distribution models of a single type of reservoir,namely the use of seismic identification and description of the results,the establish certainty a large cave discrete distribution model and large-scale fracture discrete distribution model,in karst facies constraints,based on the probability of caves and fractures development body between the body and the wells,multi-attribute co-simulation,and the establishment of the dissolved holes stochastic model,and the small scale fractures discrete model;The second step is using parity conditions assignment algorithm,four single type of model integrae into multi-scale discrete fractured-cavity reservoir 3D distribution model.Quantitatively characterize the distribution characteristics of fractured-cavity reservoir in 3D space has laid a solid geological foundation for oilfield development.
引文
[1]李阳.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏开发理论及方法[J].石油学报,2()13,34(1):115-121.Li Yang.The theory and method for development of carbonate fractured-cavity reservoirs in Tahe oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(1):115-121.
[2]江怀友,宋新民,王元基,等.世界海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探开发现状与展望[J].海洋石油,2008,28(4):6-13.Jiang Huaiyou,Song Xinmin,Wang Yuanji,et al.Current situation and forecast of the world,carbonate oil and gas exploration and development[J].Offshore Oil,2008,28(4):6-13.
[3]康玉柱.中国古生代碳酸盐岩古岩溶储集特征与油气分布[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):1-12.Kang Yuzhu.Characteristics and distribution laws of palaeokarst hydrocarbon reservoir in Palaeozoic carbonate formation in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):1-12.
[4]李阳,范智慧.塔河奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏缝洞系统发育模式与分布规律[J].石油学报,2011,32(1):101-106.Li Yang,Fan Zhihui.Developmental pattern and distribution rule of the fracture-cavity system of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(1):101-106.
[5]漆立新,云露.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶发育特征与主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):1-12.Qi Lixin,Yun Lu.Development characteristics and main controlling factors of the Ordovician carbonate karst in Tahe oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):1-12.
[6]康志宏.塔河碳酸盐岩油藏岩溶古地貌研究[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(5):522-525.Kang Zhihong.The karst palaeogeomorphology of carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(5):522-525.
[7]肖玉茹,王敦则,沈杉平.新疆塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征及其受控因素[J].现代地质,2003,17(1):92-98.Xiao Yuru,Wang Dunze,Shen Shanping.The characteristics of paleocace carbonate reservoir and its control factors in Ordovician of the Tahe oilfield in the Tarim Basin,Xingjiang[J].Geoscience,2003,17(1):92-98.
[8]张希明,杨坚,杨秋来,等.塔河缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏描述及储量评估技术[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):1318.Zhang Ximing,Yang Jian,Yang Qiulai,et al.Reservoir description and reserves estimation technique for fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Siniea,2004,25(1):13-18.
[9]李阳.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩溶洞型储集体识别及定量表征[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(1):1-7.Li Yang.Ordovician carbonate fracture-cavity reservoirs identification and quantitative characterization in Tahe oilfield[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2012,36(1):1-7.
[10]阎相宾.塔河油田下奥陶统古岩溶作用及储层特征[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(4):23-25.Yan Xiangbin.Paleokarst and reservoir characteristics of lower Ordovieian in Tahe oilfield[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2002,24(4):23-25.
[11]吴胜和,欧阳健.塔里木盆地轮南地区奥陶系岩溶体系的测井分析[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1994,18(2):123-127.Wu Shenghe,Ouyang Jian.Well logging analysis on karst system of Ordovician at Lunnan region of Tarim Basin[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,1994,18(2):123-127.
[12]季玉新.用地震资料检测裂缝性油气藏的方法[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(5):28-35.Ji Yuxin.Detection of fractured reservoirs with seismic data[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2002,25(5):28-35.
[13]刘建新,孙勤华,王锦喜,等.裂缝型储层预测技术优选—以塔北地区奥陶系为例[J].海相油气地质,2010,15(3):65-69.Liu Jianxin,Sun Qinhua,Wang Jinxi,et al.Technique optimum of prediction to fractured reservoirs,an example of Ordovieian fractured reservoir in Tabei region,Tarim Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2010,15(3):65-69.
[14]Sarda S,Jeannin L,Bourbiaux B.Hydraulic characterization of fractured reservoirs:simulation on discrete fracture models[R].SPE 66398,2002.
[15]刘钰铭,侯加根,胡向阳,等.塔河油田古岩溶储集体三维建模[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2()12,36(2):34-38.Liu Yuming,Hou Jiagen,Hu Xiangyang,et al.3D modeling of paleokarst reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2012,36(2):34-38.
[16]Araujo H,Lacentre P,Zapata T.Dynamic behavoir of discrete frac ture network(DFN)models[R].SPE 91940,2004.
[17]Dershowitz B,Lapointe P,Eiben T,et al.Intergration of discrete feature network methods with conventional simulator approaches[R].SPE 49069,2000.
[18]Mitra P P,Singh K.Synergy through seismic attributes in reservoir management:a case study[R].SPE 68648,2001.
[19]胡向阳,熊琦华,吴胜和,等.标点过程随机模拟方法在沉积微相研究中的应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(2):19-22.Hu Xiangyang,Xiong Qihua,Wu Shenghe,et al.Application of marked point process stochastic simulation to study sedimentary microfacies[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2002,26(2):19-22.
[20]赵敏,康志宏,刘洁.缝洞型碳酸盐岩储集层建模与应用[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(3):318-320.Zhao Min,Kang Zhihong,Liu Jie.Modeling and application of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(3):318-320.
[2]江怀友,宋新民,王元基,等.世界海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探开发现状与展望[J].海洋石油,2008,28(4):6-13.Jiang Huaiyou,Song Xinmin,Wang Yuanji,et al.Current situation and forecast of the world,carbonate oil and gas exploration and development[J].Offshore Oil,2008,28(4):6-13.
[3]康玉柱.中国古生代碳酸盐岩古岩溶储集特征与油气分布[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):1-12.Kang Yuzhu.Characteristics and distribution laws of palaeokarst hydrocarbon reservoir in Palaeozoic carbonate formation in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):1-12.
[4]李阳,范智慧.塔河奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏缝洞系统发育模式与分布规律[J].石油学报,2011,32(1):101-106.Li Yang,Fan Zhihui.Developmental pattern and distribution rule of the fracture-cavity system of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(1):101-106.
[5]漆立新,云露.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶发育特征与主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):1-12.Qi Lixin,Yun Lu.Development characteristics and main controlling factors of the Ordovician carbonate karst in Tahe oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):1-12.
[6]康志宏.塔河碳酸盐岩油藏岩溶古地貌研究[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(5):522-525.Kang Zhihong.The karst palaeogeomorphology of carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(5):522-525.
[7]肖玉茹,王敦则,沈杉平.新疆塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征及其受控因素[J].现代地质,2003,17(1):92-98.Xiao Yuru,Wang Dunze,Shen Shanping.The characteristics of paleocace carbonate reservoir and its control factors in Ordovician of the Tahe oilfield in the Tarim Basin,Xingjiang[J].Geoscience,2003,17(1):92-98.
[8]张希明,杨坚,杨秋来,等.塔河缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏描述及储量评估技术[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):1318.Zhang Ximing,Yang Jian,Yang Qiulai,et al.Reservoir description and reserves estimation technique for fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Siniea,2004,25(1):13-18.
[9]李阳.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩溶洞型储集体识别及定量表征[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(1):1-7.Li Yang.Ordovician carbonate fracture-cavity reservoirs identification and quantitative characterization in Tahe oilfield[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2012,36(1):1-7.
[10]阎相宾.塔河油田下奥陶统古岩溶作用及储层特征[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(4):23-25.Yan Xiangbin.Paleokarst and reservoir characteristics of lower Ordovieian in Tahe oilfield[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2002,24(4):23-25.
[11]吴胜和,欧阳健.塔里木盆地轮南地区奥陶系岩溶体系的测井分析[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1994,18(2):123-127.Wu Shenghe,Ouyang Jian.Well logging analysis on karst system of Ordovician at Lunnan region of Tarim Basin[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,1994,18(2):123-127.
[12]季玉新.用地震资料检测裂缝性油气藏的方法[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(5):28-35.Ji Yuxin.Detection of fractured reservoirs with seismic data[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2002,25(5):28-35.
[13]刘建新,孙勤华,王锦喜,等.裂缝型储层预测技术优选—以塔北地区奥陶系为例[J].海相油气地质,2010,15(3):65-69.Liu Jianxin,Sun Qinhua,Wang Jinxi,et al.Technique optimum of prediction to fractured reservoirs,an example of Ordovieian fractured reservoir in Tabei region,Tarim Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2010,15(3):65-69.
[14]Sarda S,Jeannin L,Bourbiaux B.Hydraulic characterization of fractured reservoirs:simulation on discrete fracture models[R].SPE 66398,2002.
[15]刘钰铭,侯加根,胡向阳,等.塔河油田古岩溶储集体三维建模[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2()12,36(2):34-38.Liu Yuming,Hou Jiagen,Hu Xiangyang,et al.3D modeling of paleokarst reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2012,36(2):34-38.
[16]Araujo H,Lacentre P,Zapata T.Dynamic behavoir of discrete frac ture network(DFN)models[R].SPE 91940,2004.
[17]Dershowitz B,Lapointe P,Eiben T,et al.Intergration of discrete feature network methods with conventional simulator approaches[R].SPE 49069,2000.
[18]Mitra P P,Singh K.Synergy through seismic attributes in reservoir management:a case study[R].SPE 68648,2001.
[19]胡向阳,熊琦华,吴胜和,等.标点过程随机模拟方法在沉积微相研究中的应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(2):19-22.Hu Xiangyang,Xiong Qihua,Wu Shenghe,et al.Application of marked point process stochastic simulation to study sedimentary microfacies[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition of Natural Science,2002,26(2):19-22.
[20]赵敏,康志宏,刘洁.缝洞型碳酸盐岩储集层建模与应用[J].新疆石油地质,2008,29(3):318-320.Zhao Min,Kang Zhihong,Liu Jie.Modeling and application of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2008,29(3):318-320.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心