基于虚拟日变台进行地磁矢量数据日变通化方法
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摘要
流动地震地磁矢量观测是一种获取地震前兆异常的方法,试验研究和观测实例表明,地震孕育引起的地磁场异常变化量级较小,因此在观测、数据处理过程中都要尽可能消除误差提高精度.本文主要从地磁矢量数据日变通化精度方面开展讨论,首先使用反距离加权插值法由泰安、武汉、崇明、杭州4个地磁台观测资料计算出蒙城地磁台相应的虚拟地磁数据,其磁偏角、水平分量、垂直分量三个要素与真实观测值的相关系数分别高达0.9987、0.9946和0.9806,验证了反距离加权插值方法对地磁观测数据空间插值的有效性.其次,选择东部和西部测区分别使用反距离加权插值方法建立各地磁矢量测点位置的虚拟日变台并用其进行通化,实例计算结果表明,该方法可有效提高日变通化精度,对于地磁台站稀疏地区更具实际应用价值.
Mobile vector seism magnetic survey is a kind of method to obtain seismic precursor,experimentation and survey proved,the value of geomagnetic anomalies is small which caused by earthquake preparation,so we should as far as possible to elimination errors of data processing.The aim of this paper is to discuss the diurnal correction precision of vector geomagnetic data.First we used the inverse distance weighted interpolation method to obtain the virtual data of Mengcheng by observed data form Tai′an,Wuhan,Chongming and Hangzhou geomagnetic observatories,and the correlation coefficients of declination,horizontal and vertical components are 0.9987,0.9946 and 0.9806 respectively between virtual and observed data.The result verifies that this method is effective to spatial interpolation of geomagnetic.Then we calculated the virtual diurnal variation data of vector geomagnetic points by inverse distance weighted interpolation method,and used to correct diurnal correction to vector geomagnetic points of eastern and western of monitoring area.This method can effectively improve the diurnal correction precision,and have more practical application value to geomagnetic observatory scarce area.
Mobile vector seism magnetic survey is a kind of method to obtain seismic precursor,experimentation and survey proved,the value of geomagnetic anomalies is small which caused by earthquake preparation,so we should as far as possible to elimination errors of data processing.The aim of this paper is to discuss the diurnal correction precision of vector geomagnetic data.First we used the inverse distance weighted interpolation method to obtain the virtual data of Mengcheng by observed data form Tai′an,Wuhan,Chongming and Hangzhou geomagnetic observatories,and the correlation coefficients of declination,horizontal and vertical components are 0.9987,0.9946 and 0.9806 respectively between virtual and observed data.The result verifies that this method is effective to spatial interpolation of geomagnetic.Then we calculated the virtual diurnal variation data of vector geomagnetic points by inverse distance weighted interpolation method,and used to correct diurnal correction to vector geomagnetic points of eastern and western of monitoring area.This method can effectively improve the diurnal correction precision,and have more practical application value to geomagnetic observatory scarce area.
引文
[1]徐文耀.地球电磁现象物理学.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009.Xu W Y,Physics of Electromagnetic Phenomena of the Earth(in Chinese).Hefei:University of Science and Technology ofChina,2009.
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[4]Neitt L R,Barton C E,Bitterly J.Guide for magnetic RepeatStation Surveys.International Association of Geomagnetismand Aeronomy,1996.
[5]单汝俭,金国,曾志成.局部地区地磁日变及拟合方法研究.长春地质学院学报,1990,(3):315-322.Shan R J,Jin G,Zeng Z C.Study on geomagnetic diurnalvariation and its fitting methods in local area.Journal ofChangchun University of Earth Science,1990,(3):315-322.
[6]边刚,刘雁春,卞光浪等.海洋磁力测量中多站地磁日变改正值计算方法研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(10):2613-2618.Bian G,Liu Y C,Bian G L,et al.Research on computationmethod of multi-station diurnal variation correction in marinemagnetic surveys.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(10):2613-2618.
[7]卞光浪,翟国君,刘雁春等.海洋磁力测量中地磁日变站有效控制范围确定.地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):817-822.Bian G L,Zhai G J,Liu Y C,et al.Effective operating rangeof base stations in marine geomagnetic survey.Progress inGeophys.(in Chinese),2010,25(3):817-822.
[8]白春华,徐文耀.主磁场长期变化十年至百年尺度的周期.地球物理学报,2010,53(4):904-911.Bai C H,Xu W Y.Multi-decadal to centennial secularvariation of the main geomagnetic field.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(4):904-911.
[9]赵旭东,杜爱民,陈化然等.Sq电流体系的反演与地磁日变模型的建立.地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):1959-1967.Zhao X D,Du A M,Chen H R,et al.Inversion of the Sqcurrent system and the geomagnetic diurnal variation model.ProgressinGeophys.(in Chinese),2010,25(6):1959-1967.
[10]祁贵仲.局部地区地磁日变分析方法及中国地区Sq场的经度效应.地球物理学报,1975,18(2):104-117.Qi G Z.A method for the analysis of geomagnetic dailyvariation in a local area and the longitudinal effect of the Sq-field in China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1975,18(2):104-117.
[11]顾左文,陈斌,高金田等.应用NOC方法研究中国地区地磁时空变化.地球物理学报,2009,52(10):2602-2612.Gu Z W,Chen B,Gao J T,et al.Research of geomagneticspatial-temporal variations in China by the NOC method.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(10):2602-2612.
[12]陈斌,顾左文,高金田等.中国地区地磁长期变化研究.地球物理学报,2010,53(9):2144-2154.Chen B,Gu Z W,Gao J T,et al.Study of geomagneticsecular variation in China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(9):2144-2154.
[13]Sabaka T J,Olsen N,Langel R A.A comprehensive modelof the quiet-time,near-Earth magnetic field:phase 3.Geophys.J.Int.,2002,151(1):32-68.
[14]Gillet N,Lesur V,Olsen N.Geomagnetic core field secularvariation models.Space Sci.Rev.,2010,155(1-4):129-145.
[15]De Michelis P,Tozzi R,Consolini G.Principal components′features of mid-latitude geomagnetic daily variation.Ann.Geophys.,2010,28(12):2213-2226.
[16]陈斌,顾左文,高金田等.2005.0年代中国地区地磁场及其长期变化球冠谐和分析.地球物理学报,2011,54(3):771-779.Chen B,Gu Z W,Gao J T,et al.Analyses of geomagneticfield and its secular variation over China for 2005.0epochusing Spherical Cap Harmonic method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(3):771-779.
[17]狄传芝,顾左文,Soriano B M等.菲律宾及其邻近地区的地磁场模型研究.地球物理学报,2011,54(8):2085-2092.Di C Z,Gu Z W,Soriano B M,et al.The study of magneticfield models for Philippines and its neighboring regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(8):2085-2092.
[18]高金田,安振昌,顾左文等.用曲面Spline方法表示1900—1936年中国(部分地区)地磁场及其长期变化的分布.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):97-107.Gao J T,An Z C,Gu Z W,et al.Distributions of thegeomagnetic field and its secular variations expressed by thesurface spline method in China(a part)for 1900-1936.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):97-107.
[19]李波涛,杨长春,陈雨红等.基于B样条函数的散乱数据曲面拟合和数据压缩.地球物理学进展,2009,24(3):936-943.Li B T,Yang C C,Chen Y H.Surface fitting and scattereddata compressing with B-spline smoothing function.Progressin Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(3):936-943.
[20]张小浩,周鼎武.径向基函数方法在南泥湾油田勘探中的应用.地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):213-217.Zhang X H,Zhou D W.Application of radial basis functionin nan niwan oil field.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):213-217.
[21]李斐,岳建利,张利明.应用GPSP重力数据确定似大地水准面.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):294-298.Li F,Yue J L,Zhang L M.Determination of geoid by GPS/Gravity data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):294-298.
[22]张小红,程世来,许晓东.基于Kriging统计的GPS高程拟合方法研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(2):47-51.Zhang X H,cheng S L,Xu X D.Research of gps elevationfitting models based on kriging method.Journal of Geodesyand Geodynamics(in Chinese),2007,27(2):47-51.
[23]冯志生,蒋延林,梅卫萍等.观测时间对地磁绝对观测值的空间相关性影响研究.地震,2003,23(3):126-130.Feng Z S,Jiang Y L,Mei WP,et al.Research on influenceof observation time for spatial correlation of geomagneticabsolute value.Earthquake(in Chinese),2003,23(3):126-130.
[24]曾小苹,林云芳.地磁方法预报灾害.纽约:联合国开发计划署,1998:19-24.Zeng X P,Lin Y F.Geomagnetic Method Forecast Disaster(in Chinese).New York:United Nations DevelopmentProgramme,1998:19-24.
[25]徐文耀,区家明,杜爱民.地磁场模型误差分析中的几个问题.地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1485-1509Xu W Y,Qu J M,Du A M.An analysis of Errors inGeomagnetic field models.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(5):1485-1509.
[26]张秀霞,孙春仙,陈健等.数字化地磁数据的空间相关分析.地震地磁观测与研究,2008,29(6):134-138.Zhang X X,Sun C X,Chen J,et al.The space correlationanalysis of digital geomagnetic data.Seismological andGeomagnetic Observation and Research(in Chinese),2008,29(6):134-138.
[2]中国地震局.地震地磁野外测量规范.北京:地震出版杜,2000.China Earthquake Administration.Earthquake GeomagneticField Survey Norms(in Chinese).Beijing:SeismologicalPress,2000.
[3]张崇阳,顾子明.地磁台站概况.//国家地震局科技监测司编.地震监测与预报方法清理成果汇编——地磁地电分册.北京:地震出版社,1988.Zhang C Y,Gu Z M.Introduction of geomagneticobservatories.//Department of Scienceand Monitoring,ChinaEarthquake Administration ed.The Results of EarthquakeMonitoringand Prediction Method-Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1988.
[4]Neitt L R,Barton C E,Bitterly J.Guide for magnetic RepeatStation Surveys.International Association of Geomagnetismand Aeronomy,1996.
[5]单汝俭,金国,曾志成.局部地区地磁日变及拟合方法研究.长春地质学院学报,1990,(3):315-322.Shan R J,Jin G,Zeng Z C.Study on geomagnetic diurnalvariation and its fitting methods in local area.Journal ofChangchun University of Earth Science,1990,(3):315-322.
[6]边刚,刘雁春,卞光浪等.海洋磁力测量中多站地磁日变改正值计算方法研究.地球物理学报,2009,52(10):2613-2618.Bian G,Liu Y C,Bian G L,et al.Research on computationmethod of multi-station diurnal variation correction in marinemagnetic surveys.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,52(10):2613-2618.
[7]卞光浪,翟国君,刘雁春等.海洋磁力测量中地磁日变站有效控制范围确定.地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):817-822.Bian G L,Zhai G J,Liu Y C,et al.Effective operating rangeof base stations in marine geomagnetic survey.Progress inGeophys.(in Chinese),2010,25(3):817-822.
[8]白春华,徐文耀.主磁场长期变化十年至百年尺度的周期.地球物理学报,2010,53(4):904-911.Bai C H,Xu W Y.Multi-decadal to centennial secularvariation of the main geomagnetic field.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(4):904-911.
[9]赵旭东,杜爱民,陈化然等.Sq电流体系的反演与地磁日变模型的建立.地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):1959-1967.Zhao X D,Du A M,Chen H R,et al.Inversion of the Sqcurrent system and the geomagnetic diurnal variation model.ProgressinGeophys.(in Chinese),2010,25(6):1959-1967.
[10]祁贵仲.局部地区地磁日变分析方法及中国地区Sq场的经度效应.地球物理学报,1975,18(2):104-117.Qi G Z.A method for the analysis of geomagnetic dailyvariation in a local area and the longitudinal effect of the Sq-field in China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1975,18(2):104-117.
[11]顾左文,陈斌,高金田等.应用NOC方法研究中国地区地磁时空变化.地球物理学报,2009,52(10):2602-2612.Gu Z W,Chen B,Gao J T,et al.Research of geomagneticspatial-temporal variations in China by the NOC method.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(10):2602-2612.
[12]陈斌,顾左文,高金田等.中国地区地磁长期变化研究.地球物理学报,2010,53(9):2144-2154.Chen B,Gu Z W,Gao J T,et al.Study of geomagneticsecular variation in China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2010,53(9):2144-2154.
[13]Sabaka T J,Olsen N,Langel R A.A comprehensive modelof the quiet-time,near-Earth magnetic field:phase 3.Geophys.J.Int.,2002,151(1):32-68.
[14]Gillet N,Lesur V,Olsen N.Geomagnetic core field secularvariation models.Space Sci.Rev.,2010,155(1-4):129-145.
[15]De Michelis P,Tozzi R,Consolini G.Principal components′features of mid-latitude geomagnetic daily variation.Ann.Geophys.,2010,28(12):2213-2226.
[16]陈斌,顾左文,高金田等.2005.0年代中国地区地磁场及其长期变化球冠谐和分析.地球物理学报,2011,54(3):771-779.Chen B,Gu Z W,Gao J T,et al.Analyses of geomagneticfield and its secular variation over China for 2005.0epochusing Spherical Cap Harmonic method.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(3):771-779.
[17]狄传芝,顾左文,Soriano B M等.菲律宾及其邻近地区的地磁场模型研究.地球物理学报,2011,54(8):2085-2092.Di C Z,Gu Z W,Soriano B M,et al.The study of magneticfield models for Philippines and its neighboring regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(8):2085-2092.
[18]高金田,安振昌,顾左文等.用曲面Spline方法表示1900—1936年中国(部分地区)地磁场及其长期变化的分布.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):97-107.Gao J T,An Z C,Gu Z W,et al.Distributions of thegeomagnetic field and its secular variations expressed by thesurface spline method in China(a part)for 1900-1936.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):97-107.
[19]李波涛,杨长春,陈雨红等.基于B样条函数的散乱数据曲面拟合和数据压缩.地球物理学进展,2009,24(3):936-943.Li B T,Yang C C,Chen Y H.Surface fitting and scattereddata compressing with B-spline smoothing function.Progressin Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(3):936-943.
[20]张小浩,周鼎武.径向基函数方法在南泥湾油田勘探中的应用.地球物理学进展,2007,22(1):213-217.Zhang X H,Zhou D W.Application of radial basis functionin nan niwan oil field.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1):213-217.
[21]李斐,岳建利,张利明.应用GPSP重力数据确定似大地水准面.地球物理学报,2005,48(2):294-298.Li F,Yue J L,Zhang L M.Determination of geoid by GPS/Gravity data.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(2):294-298.
[22]张小红,程世来,许晓东.基于Kriging统计的GPS高程拟合方法研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(2):47-51.Zhang X H,cheng S L,Xu X D.Research of gps elevationfitting models based on kriging method.Journal of Geodesyand Geodynamics(in Chinese),2007,27(2):47-51.
[23]冯志生,蒋延林,梅卫萍等.观测时间对地磁绝对观测值的空间相关性影响研究.地震,2003,23(3):126-130.Feng Z S,Jiang Y L,Mei WP,et al.Research on influenceof observation time for spatial correlation of geomagneticabsolute value.Earthquake(in Chinese),2003,23(3):126-130.
[24]曾小苹,林云芳.地磁方法预报灾害.纽约:联合国开发计划署,1998:19-24.Zeng X P,Lin Y F.Geomagnetic Method Forecast Disaster(in Chinese).New York:United Nations DevelopmentProgramme,1998:19-24.
[25]徐文耀,区家明,杜爱民.地磁场模型误差分析中的几个问题.地球物理学进展,2011,26(5):1485-1509Xu W Y,Qu J M,Du A M.An analysis of Errors inGeomagnetic field models.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2011,26(5):1485-1509.
[26]张秀霞,孙春仙,陈健等.数字化地磁数据的空间相关分析.地震地磁观测与研究,2008,29(6):134-138.Zhang X X,Sun C X,Chen J,et al.The space correlationanalysis of digital geomagnetic data.Seismological andGeomagnetic Observation and Research(in Chinese),2008,29(6):134-138.
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