银川盆地西大滩隐伏断层晚第四纪活动特征
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摘要
西大滩隐伏断层位于银川盆地北部,是石嘴山市活断层探测项目的目标断层之一。在浅层地震勘探的基础上,通过钻孔联合剖面探测和钻孔样品年龄测试,获得断层上断点埋深、主要标志层断距及沉积年龄等数据,估算了晚第四纪不同时段断层的滑动速率,结合地层变形情况探讨了该断层晚第四纪的活动特征。结果表明,西大滩隐伏断层自12 275±45aB.P.以来没有发生明显活动,属晚更新世末活动断层;晚更新世以来断层活动偏弱,平均滑动速率为0.024mm/a;除断层活动外,伴随着地层倾斜变形;两者均具间歇活动的特点,最小间隔约6 600a,最大间隔期12 275a。
The Xidatan buried fault is located in the north of Yinchuan basin and it is determined as one of buried faults in the active faults detection work of Shizuishan city.Based on the interpretation of seismic exploration for shallow layers,exploration of composite drilling section and core sample dating method are used to obtain some important data,such as depth of fault upper breaking point,displacements and ages of key mark layer.The slip rates of Xidatan fault in different period of late Quaternary are finally estimated.The change of dip angle of key mark layer are found,and then,activity characteristics of Xidatan buried fault are discussed.The result shows that,with the deformation of the key mark layer,Xidatan fault,which a low slip rate as 0.024 mm/a,was a active fault in late Pleistocene and it's activity stop after 12 275±45 a B.P..Not only offsets of the fault but also deformation of the key mark layer is characterized by intermittent activity.If considered these two changes as a whole,the minimum interval is 6 600 a and the maximum is 12 275 a.
The Xidatan buried fault is located in the north of Yinchuan basin and it is determined as one of buried faults in the active faults detection work of Shizuishan city.Based on the interpretation of seismic exploration for shallow layers,exploration of composite drilling section and core sample dating method are used to obtain some important data,such as depth of fault upper breaking point,displacements and ages of key mark layer.The slip rates of Xidatan fault in different period of late Quaternary are finally estimated.The change of dip angle of key mark layer are found,and then,activity characteristics of Xidatan buried fault are discussed.The result shows that,with the deformation of the key mark layer,Xidatan fault,which a low slip rate as 0.024 mm/a,was a active fault in late Pleistocene and it's activity stop after 12 275±45 a B.P..Not only offsets of the fault but also deformation of the key mark layer is characterized by intermittent activity.If considered these two changes as a whole,the minimum interval is 6 600 a and the maximum is 12 275 a.
引文
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[16]廖玉华,柴炽章,张文孝,等.灵武断裂晚第四纪活动特征及位移速率[J].中国地震,2000,(02):158-165.
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[18]杜鹏,柴炽章,廖玉华,等.贺兰山东麓断裂南段套门沟—榆树沟段全新世活动与古地震[J].地震地质,2009,32(2):256-264.
[19]雷启云,柴炽章,杜鹏,等.基于钻探的芦花台隐伏断层晚第四纪活动特征研究[J].地震地质(待刊).
[2]邓起东,徐锡伟,张先康,等.城市活断层探测的方法和技术[J].地学前缘,2003.10(1):150-162.
[3]汪一鹏.关于城市活断层探测与地震危险性评价工作大纲(试行)的几点认识[J].地震地质,2004,26(4):559-565.
[4]方盛明,张先康,刘宝金,等.探测大城市活断层的地球物理理论方法[J].地震地质,2002,24(4):606-613.
[5]中国地震局.中国地震活动断层探测技术系统技术规程[S].北京:地震出版社,2005.
[6]柴炽章,孟广魁,杜鹏,等.隐伏活动断层的多层次综合探测———以银川隐伏活动断层为例[J].地震地质,2006,28(4):536-544.
[7]雷启云,柴炽章,孟广魁,等.银川隐伏断层钻孔联合剖面探测[J].地震地质,2008,30(01):250-262.
[8]徐锡伟,计凤桔,于贵华,等.用钻孔地层剖面记录恢复古地震序列:河北夏垫断裂古地震研究[J].地震地质,2000,22(1):9-19.
[9]张世民,王丹丹,刘旭东,等.北京南口—孙河断裂晚第四纪古地震事件的钻孔剖面对比与分析[J].中国科学(D辑),2008,38(7):881-895.
[10]国家地震局鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系课题组.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系[M].北京:地震出版社,1998.
[11]张冬丽,周正华,陶夏新.震源破裂方式和断层性质对近场强地震动特征的影响[J].西北地震学报,2009,31(4):311-318.
[12]邓起东,汪一鹏,廖玉华,等.断层崖崩积楔及贺山山前断裂全新世活动历史[J].科学通报,1984,29(9):557-560.
[13]邓起东,尤惠川.断层崖研究与地震危险性估计———以贺兰山东麓断层崖为例[J].西北地震学报,1985,7(1):30-37.
[14]Zhang Buchun,Liao YuHua,Guo ShunMin,el al.Faultscarps related to the 1739eathquake and seismicity of theYinChuan graben,Ningxia Huizuzizhiqu,China[J].Bulletinof the Seismological of America,1986,(5):76.
[15]Deng Qidong,Liao Yuha.Paleoseismology along the range-front fault of Helan Mountains,North Central China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,101(B3):5873-5894.
[16]廖玉华,柴炽章,张文孝,等.灵武断裂晚第四纪活动特征及位移速率[J].中国地震,2000,(02):158-165.
[17]白铭学,焦德成.1739年银川—平罗8级地震灾害的历史辨析[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(2):135-140.
[18]杜鹏,柴炽章,廖玉华,等.贺兰山东麓断裂南段套门沟—榆树沟段全新世活动与古地震[J].地震地质,2009,32(2):256-264.
[19]雷启云,柴炽章,杜鹏,等.基于钻探的芦花台隐伏断层晚第四纪活动特征研究[J].地震地质(待刊).
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