中国西南地区地应力特征研究
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摘要
为了深入研究中国西南地区地应力特征,文中基于统计学理论,将收集到的地应力资料按照应力测量方法进行分类,得到了西南地区震源机制、应力解除、水压致裂、钻孔塌落、断层滑移等5大类所有点的应力统计表,包含不同应力参数(测试点经纬度、测试深度、测量方法、最大主应力方向、构造类型、应力状态等);对应力资料作最大主应力方向玫瑰花图和矢量分布图,划分应力的不同构造状态,分析地应力随深度的变化关系。结果表明:中国西南地区最大主应力轴方位由北到南呈规则转动的趋势,地应力的构造状态中走滑类型占主导地位,大多数地震的震源深度集中在地下10~30km范围,反映地壳不同深度的主压应力作用方向及地应力构造状态上具有明显的一致性。
In order to further study the in-situ stress characteristics in parts of southwestern China,based on statistics theory the collected in-situ stress data is classified according to various stress measurement methods in the paper,a list of all collected in-situ stress is obtained containing focal mechanism,stress relief,hydraulic fracturing,borehole collapsing and fault slip.The data includes different stress parameters consisting of points latitude-longitude,testing depth,measuring method,direction of maximum principal stress,tectonic type and stress state.Rose and vector diagram of the principal stress direction are drawn for the stress data,tectonic stress states are divided,and variation relations between in-situ stress and depth are analyzed.The results show that orientation of maximum principal stress in southwestern China rotates regularly from north to south,strike-slip type has a dominant position in tectonic stress states,and most of the earthquake focal depth is focused within the scope of 10~30km underground,which reflects that the direction of main stress in the earths crust with different depth is consistent with the tectonic stress state.
In order to further study the in-situ stress characteristics in parts of southwestern China,based on statistics theory the collected in-situ stress data is classified according to various stress measurement methods in the paper,a list of all collected in-situ stress is obtained containing focal mechanism,stress relief,hydraulic fracturing,borehole collapsing and fault slip.The data includes different stress parameters consisting of points latitude-longitude,testing depth,measuring method,direction of maximum principal stress,tectonic type and stress state.Rose and vector diagram of the principal stress direction are drawn for the stress data,tectonic stress states are divided,and variation relations between in-situ stress and depth are analyzed.The results show that orientation of maximum principal stress in southwestern China rotates regularly from north to south,strike-slip type has a dominant position in tectonic stress states,and most of the earthquake focal depth is focused within the scope of 10~30km underground,which reflects that the direction of main stress in the earths crust with different depth is consistent with the tectonic stress state.
引文
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[9]谢富仁,舒塞兵,窦淑芹,等.海原、六盘山断裂带至银川断陷第四纪构造应力场分析[J].地震地质,2000,22(2):139-146.
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[13]阚荣举,张四昌,晏凤桐,等.我国西南地区现代构造应力场与现代构造活动特征的探讨[J].地球物理学报,1977,20(2):96-109.
[2]Carey E,Brunier B.Analyse theorique et numerique d’un modele mechanique elermentaire appliquéa l’etude population de failles[J].C.R.Hebd.Seances Acad,Sci,1974,279:891-894.
[3]Angelier J.Determination of the mean principal direction of stresses for a given fault population[J].Tectonophysics,1979,56:17-26.
[4]Etchcopar A,Vasseur G,Daignieres M.An inverse problem in microtectonics for the determination of stress tensors from fault striation analysis[J].Struct Geol,1979,3(1):51-55.
[5]Zoback M L,Zoback M D.State of stress in the conterminous United States[J].Geophys Res,1980,85(B7):6113-6156.
[6]Angelier J.Tectonic analysis of fault slip data sets[J].Geophys,Res,1984,89(B7):5835-5845.
[7]Mercier J L,et al.Change from late Tertiary compression to Quaternary extension in southern Tibet during the India-Asia collision[J].Tectonics,1987,6:275-304.
[8]许忠怀,戈树谟.用滑动方向拟合法反演富蕴地震断裂带应力场[J].地震学报,1984,6(4):395-404.
[9]谢富仁,舒塞兵,窦淑芹,等.海原、六盘山断裂带至银川断陷第四纪构造应力场分析[J].地震地质,2000,22(2):139-146.
[10]中国地震局地壳应力研究所.中国大陆地壳应力环境基础数据库[R].2008.
[11]李方全.原地应力测量在地震地质研究工作中的应用[J].华北地震科学,1983,1(2):71-76.
[12]李方全,刘光勋.我国现今地应力状态及其有关问题[J].地震学报,1986,8(2):156-171.
[13]阚荣举,张四昌,晏凤桐,等.我国西南地区现代构造应力场与现代构造活动特征的探讨[J].地球物理学报,1977,20(2):96-109.
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