基于非等权系数的综合优化叠加方法
|
摘要
受野外采集噪声和叠前预处理方法的影响,共中心点道集(CMP)和共反射点道集(CRP)内各道品质差异较大,此时传统等权叠加不能得到高信噪比结果。为此,本文提出在一定时窗或整个时窗范围内,综合CMP或CRP道集内各道地震记录的振幅、频率、炮检距以及入射角等因素衡量地震资料的品质,综合确定加权系数进行非等权优化叠加,以有效改善叠加结果。理论模型分析和实际数据处理结果表明:非等权系数的综合优化叠加方法可以更有效地去除噪声,提高资料的信噪比。
Trace quality in common middle point(CMP)gather or common reflection point(CRP)g ather are quite different due to field noise and preprocessing methods.Conventional stacking methods cannot get high signal-to-noise ratio result in this situation.We propose in this paper a new stacking method.We first analyze amplitude,frequency,offset and incidence angle of each trace in a CMP or CRP gather within a window to measure the quality of each trace,and then estimate a comprehen-sive weight for stacking.Finally we can realize a comprehensive weighted stacking.Applications of the method to synthetic and field data show that this approach is more effective in suppressing noise than conventional stacking methods.
Trace quality in common middle point(CMP)gather or common reflection point(CRP)g ather are quite different due to field noise and preprocessing methods.Conventional stacking methods cannot get high signal-to-noise ratio result in this situation.We propose in this paper a new stacking method.We first analyze amplitude,frequency,offset and incidence angle of each trace in a CMP or CRP gather within a window to measure the quality of each trace,and then estimate a comprehen-sive weight for stacking.Finally we can realize a comprehensive weighted stacking.Applications of the method to synthetic and field data show that this approach is more effective in suppressing noise than conventional stacking methods.
引文
[1]Mayne W H.Common reflection point horizontal datastacking techniques.Geophysics,1962,27(6):927-938.
[2]Robinson J C.Statistically optimal stacking of seismicdata.Geophysics,1970,35(3):436-446.
[3]李庆忠.从信噪比谱分析看滤波及反褶积的效果——频率域信噪比与分辨率的研究.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(6):575~601.Li Qingzhong.The evaluation of filtering and deconvolution effects by S/N spectrum analysis-A study ofS/N ratio and resolution in frequency domain.OGP,1986,21(6):575~601.
[4]梁光河.信噪比的估算及其在高分辨率处理中的应用.石油物探,1998,37(3):64~71.Liang Guanghe.The estimation of signal-to-noise ratio and its use in high-resolution processing.GPP,1998,37(3):64~71.
[5]王红玲,詹毅,张朝霞.地震信噪比估算方法改进.物探化探计算技术,2007,29(3):189~192.Wang Hongling,Zhan Yi,Zhang Zhaoxia.An improved method of estimating signal-to-noise ratio ofseismic data.Computing Techniques for Geophysicaland Geochemical Exploration,2007,29(3):189~192.
[6]常新伟,管叶君,张成民等.相关法保频叠加.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(增刊1):110-113.Chang Xinwei,Guan Yejun,Zhang Chengmin et al.Frequency preserved stacking with correlation method.OGP,1996,31(S1):110-113.
[7]Schoenberger M.Optimum weighted stack for multiple suppression.Geophysics,1996,61(3):891-901.
[8]Neelamani R,Dickens T A and Deffenbaugh M.Stack-and-denoise:A new method to stack seismicdatasets.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2006,25:2827-2831.
[9]张三宗,徐义贤.地震记录小波域高阶相关叠加技术.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):554-560.Zhang Sanzong,Xu Yixian.Higher-order correlativestacking for seismic data in the wavelet domain.Chinese J Geophys,2006,49(2):554-560.
[10]Trickett S.Maximum-likelihood-estimation stacking.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:2640-2643.
[11]Tang Y.Selective stacking in the reflection-angle andazimuth domain.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:2320-2324.
[12]Rashed M A.Smart stacking:A new CMP stackingtechnique for seismic data.The Leading Edge,2008,27(4):462-467.
[13]Liu Guochang et al.Stacking seismic data using localcorrelation.Geophysics,2009,74(3):V43-V48.
[14]王元波,卢福珍,王建民.窄入射角成像在长垣油田目标处理中的应用.大庆石油地质与开发,2012,31(5):158-162.Wang Yuanbo,Lu Fuzhen,Wang Jianmin.Application of narrow incident angle imaging in the targetprocess of placanticline oilfields.Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2012,31(5):158-162.
[15]R E谢里夫,L P吉尔达特编;初英,李承楚等译.勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[2]Robinson J C.Statistically optimal stacking of seismicdata.Geophysics,1970,35(3):436-446.
[3]李庆忠.从信噪比谱分析看滤波及反褶积的效果——频率域信噪比与分辨率的研究.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(6):575~601.Li Qingzhong.The evaluation of filtering and deconvolution effects by S/N spectrum analysis-A study ofS/N ratio and resolution in frequency domain.OGP,1986,21(6):575~601.
[4]梁光河.信噪比的估算及其在高分辨率处理中的应用.石油物探,1998,37(3):64~71.Liang Guanghe.The estimation of signal-to-noise ratio and its use in high-resolution processing.GPP,1998,37(3):64~71.
[5]王红玲,詹毅,张朝霞.地震信噪比估算方法改进.物探化探计算技术,2007,29(3):189~192.Wang Hongling,Zhan Yi,Zhang Zhaoxia.An improved method of estimating signal-to-noise ratio ofseismic data.Computing Techniques for Geophysicaland Geochemical Exploration,2007,29(3):189~192.
[6]常新伟,管叶君,张成民等.相关法保频叠加.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(增刊1):110-113.Chang Xinwei,Guan Yejun,Zhang Chengmin et al.Frequency preserved stacking with correlation method.OGP,1996,31(S1):110-113.
[7]Schoenberger M.Optimum weighted stack for multiple suppression.Geophysics,1996,61(3):891-901.
[8]Neelamani R,Dickens T A and Deffenbaugh M.Stack-and-denoise:A new method to stack seismicdatasets.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2006,25:2827-2831.
[9]张三宗,徐义贤.地震记录小波域高阶相关叠加技术.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):554-560.Zhang Sanzong,Xu Yixian.Higher-order correlativestacking for seismic data in the wavelet domain.Chinese J Geophys,2006,49(2):554-560.
[10]Trickett S.Maximum-likelihood-estimation stacking.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:2640-2643.
[11]Tang Y.Selective stacking in the reflection-angle andazimuth domain.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2007,26:2320-2324.
[12]Rashed M A.Smart stacking:A new CMP stackingtechnique for seismic data.The Leading Edge,2008,27(4):462-467.
[13]Liu Guochang et al.Stacking seismic data using localcorrelation.Geophysics,2009,74(3):V43-V48.
[14]王元波,卢福珍,王建民.窄入射角成像在长垣油田目标处理中的应用.大庆石油地质与开发,2012,31(5):158-162.Wang Yuanbo,Lu Fuzhen,Wang Jianmin.Application of narrow incident angle imaging in the targetprocess of placanticline oilfields.Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2012,31(5):158-162.
[15]R E谢里夫,L P吉尔达特编;初英,李承楚等译.勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心