云南姚安井2009年10月后水位下降的成因分析
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摘要
地下水动态的异常变化既有可能是地震前兆异常信息,也有可能是某种环境干扰所引起,如降雨和地下水开采等.如何及时识别并排除环境干扰,对于成功判定地震前兆异常至关重要.云南姚安井水位于2009年10月后出现了下降趋势的异常变化,截止2011年底,最大下降幅度达3m.为分析该井水位异常变化的形成原因,依据姚安井水文地质环境特征,建立了相关的数学物理模型,定量分析了降水量和地下水开采量对该井水位的影响.分析结果表明,姚安井2009年后出现的水位大幅下降可能与区域降水量减小导致的地下水开采活动增强有一定的相关性.文中所采取的异常识别与分析方法,对今后地下水动态异常识别及前兆信息判定工作具有一定的借鉴意义.
Abnormal dynamic change of groundwater could be the precursors of earthquake, but sometimes it was induced by other environmental disturbances, such as rainfall and groundwater exploitation. For distinguishing earthquake precursor, it is important to identify environmental disturbance in time. Water level in Yaoan well consistently declined since October 2009, and the max amplitude was about 3 meters. The influence of rainfall and groundwater pumping was analyzed by using a mathematical physics model in consideration of the characteristics of hydrological geology environment. The result shows that the decline of groundwater level may be related to the increased groundwater pumping owing to the reduced precipitation around Yaoan well since October 2009. The approach of this study may be helpful for future disturbance identification and precursor confirmation.
Abnormal dynamic change of groundwater could be the precursors of earthquake, but sometimes it was induced by other environmental disturbances, such as rainfall and groundwater exploitation. For distinguishing earthquake precursor, it is important to identify environmental disturbance in time. Water level in Yaoan well consistently declined since October 2009, and the max amplitude was about 3 meters. The influence of rainfall and groundwater pumping was analyzed by using a mathematical physics model in consideration of the characteristics of hydrological geology environment. The result shows that the decline of groundwater level may be related to the increased groundwater pumping owing to the reduced precipitation around Yaoan well since October 2009. The approach of this study may be helpful for future disturbance identification and precursor confirmation.
引文
①中国国土资源网“姚安:岩溶红层区打成5口深井”.[2010-03-31]http:∥www.clr.cn/front/read/read.asp?ID=191750.
②《云南省地震监测志》第三章第二节“楚雄彝族自治州地震监测台网”.
①《云南省地震监测志》第三章第二节“楚雄彝族自治州地震监测台网”.
白宝荣,付虹.2006.排除降雨干扰后的地下水位异常与强震预报[J].地震研究,29(1):39--42.
车用太,鱼金子,张大维.1993.降雨对深井水位动态的影响[J].地震,13(4):8--15.
车用太,鱼金子,刘成龙,徐桂明,郑益铭.2011.判别地下水异常的干扰性与前兆性的原则及其应用实例[J].地震学报,33(6):800--808.
陈崇希.1966.地下水动力学[M].北京:北京地质学院:96.
陈崇希.2010.影响半径稳定井流模型与可持续开采量:地下水动力学一个基本理论问题的分歧[J].水利学报,41(8):1003--1008.
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王尤培,张昭栋,王晓闽.1996.鲁04井水位降雨影响的定量排除[J].地震学刊,(2):29--32.
薛禹群,朱学愚,吴吉春,李同斌,林绍志,贾贵庭.1997.地下水动力学[M].北京:地质出版社:107--162.
薛禹群,谢春红.2007.地下水数值模拟[M].北京:科学出版社:79--111.
晏锐.2008.影响井水位变化的几种因素研究[D].北京:中国地震局地震预测研究所:23--46.
杨明波,康跃虎,张庆,白长青,林元武,王力,黎长维,张凌空,朱时军,张中五,谷廷瑶.2009.北京地下水位趋势下降动态及地震前兆信息识别[J].地震学报,31(3):282--289.
张昭栋,郑金涵,耿杰,王忠民,魏焕.2002.地下水潮汐现象的物理机制和统一数学方程[J].地震地质,24(2):208--214.
赵利飞,尹京苑,韩凤银.2002.应力调整改变介质渗透性对水位的影响[J].地震,22(1):55--60.
Besbes M,De Marsily G.1984.From infiltration to recharge:Use of a parametric transfer function[J].J Hydrol,74(3--4):271--293.
Bredehoeft J D.1967.Response of well-aquifer systems to earth tides[J].J Geophys Res,72(12):3075--3087.
Hsieh P A,Bredehoeft J D,Farr J M.1987.Determination of aquifer transmissivity from earth tide analysis[J].WaterResour Res,23(10):1824--1832.
Marine I W.1975.Water level fluctuations due to earth tides in a well pumping from slightly fractured rock[J].WaterResour Res,11(1):165--173.
Munk W H,Macdonald G J F.1960.The rotation of the earth[M].London:Cambridge University Press:19--323.
Park E,Parker J C.2008.A simple model for water table fluctuation in response to precipitation[J].J Hydrol,356(3--4):344--349.
②《云南省地震监测志》第三章第二节“楚雄彝族自治州地震监测台网”.
①《云南省地震监测志》第三章第二节“楚雄彝族自治州地震监测台网”.
白宝荣,付虹.2006.排除降雨干扰后的地下水位异常与强震预报[J].地震研究,29(1):39--42.
车用太,鱼金子,张大维.1993.降雨对深井水位动态的影响[J].地震,13(4):8--15.
车用太,鱼金子,刘成龙,徐桂明,郑益铭.2011.判别地下水异常的干扰性与前兆性的原则及其应用实例[J].地震学报,33(6):800--808.
陈崇希.1966.地下水动力学[M].北京:北京地质学院:96.
陈崇希.2010.影响半径稳定井流模型与可持续开采量:地下水动力学一个基本理论问题的分歧[J].水利学报,41(8):1003--1008.
贾化周,张炜,董守玉,王吉易.1995.地震地下水手册[M].北京:地震出版社:135--229.
孙丽娟,冀林旺,金镇洪,左艳.2004.山龙峪井水位异常与地震关系初探[J].东北地震研究,20(1):42--47.
唐九安.1999.计算固体潮潮汐参数的非数字滤波调和分析方法[J].地壳形变与地震,19(1):52--58.
王旭升,王广才,董建楠.2010.断裂带地下水位的降雨动态模型及异常识别[J].地震学报,32(5):570--578.
王尤培,张昭栋,王晓闽.1996.鲁04井水位降雨影响的定量排除[J].地震学刊,(2):29--32.
薛禹群,朱学愚,吴吉春,李同斌,林绍志,贾贵庭.1997.地下水动力学[M].北京:地质出版社:107--162.
薛禹群,谢春红.2007.地下水数值模拟[M].北京:科学出版社:79--111.
晏锐.2008.影响井水位变化的几种因素研究[D].北京:中国地震局地震预测研究所:23--46.
杨明波,康跃虎,张庆,白长青,林元武,王力,黎长维,张凌空,朱时军,张中五,谷廷瑶.2009.北京地下水位趋势下降动态及地震前兆信息识别[J].地震学报,31(3):282--289.
张昭栋,郑金涵,耿杰,王忠民,魏焕.2002.地下水潮汐现象的物理机制和统一数学方程[J].地震地质,24(2):208--214.
赵利飞,尹京苑,韩凤银.2002.应力调整改变介质渗透性对水位的影响[J].地震,22(1):55--60.
Besbes M,De Marsily G.1984.From infiltration to recharge:Use of a parametric transfer function[J].J Hydrol,74(3--4):271--293.
Bredehoeft J D.1967.Response of well-aquifer systems to earth tides[J].J Geophys Res,72(12):3075--3087.
Hsieh P A,Bredehoeft J D,Farr J M.1987.Determination of aquifer transmissivity from earth tide analysis[J].WaterResour Res,23(10):1824--1832.
Marine I W.1975.Water level fluctuations due to earth tides in a well pumping from slightly fractured rock[J].WaterResour Res,11(1):165--173.
Munk W H,Macdonald G J F.1960.The rotation of the earth[M].London:Cambridge University Press:19--323.
Park E,Parker J C.2008.A simple model for water table fluctuation in response to precipitation[J].J Hydrol,356(3--4):344--349.
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