莺琼盆地新近纪海流的研究新进展及深水油气勘探的启示
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摘要
新近纪时期,莺歌海盆地受到顺时针方向海岸流的影响,来自红河水系的细粒沉积物被搬运至莺东斜坡并成条带状分布,莺东斜坡浅海陆架沉积的扇体和水道向东南方向偏转。岩心和地震资料表明:位于南海北部陆缘的莺歌海和琼东南盆地在新近系时期内波发育,导致向陆坡方向传播的沉积物波的产生,并在陆架斜坡下形成平行于斜坡方向脊槽相间的沉积地貌,由于相对较小的地形起伏也可影响浊流的沉积,因此地貌特征直接导致了轴向水道的形成,虽然单一轴向水道规模不大,但是由于其受到底流的改造作用较强,因此渗透率往往较高,且低位期该水道往往砂质物源充沛,水道晚期漫溢连片,勘探前景乐观。
As oil and gas exploration moves toward some deepwater belts, to study ocean-current features is becoming more and more important to analyze source, sum up sandbody distribution, and search for high-quality reservoirs. Yinggehai Basin was affected by coastal current in a clockwise direction during the Noegene. So, fine-grained sediments originated from the Honghe water system migrated to the Yingdong slope and had a banding distribution; both fan bodies and channels deposited at shallow-marine shelf of the slope turned to the southeast. Some core and seismic data may illustrate that for the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan basins located at continental margin, northern South China Sea, their internal waves were developed during the Neogene, resulted in generating sediment wave which released to the continental slope. At last, a low-and-ball sedimentary geomorphology formed which was parallel to the slope. Geomorphologic features led to forming axial channels since relatively smaller topographic relief might impact on turbidity-current sediments. Although many single-axial channels were small in scale, they were strongly affected by reconstruction of under current, causing higher permeability, abundant sandy source during LST, and continuous distribution at the later stage. So, these bring about a better exploration prospect.
As oil and gas exploration moves toward some deepwater belts, to study ocean-current features is becoming more and more important to analyze source, sum up sandbody distribution, and search for high-quality reservoirs. Yinggehai Basin was affected by coastal current in a clockwise direction during the Noegene. So, fine-grained sediments originated from the Honghe water system migrated to the Yingdong slope and had a banding distribution; both fan bodies and channels deposited at shallow-marine shelf of the slope turned to the southeast. Some core and seismic data may illustrate that for the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan basins located at continental margin, northern South China Sea, their internal waves were developed during the Neogene, resulted in generating sediment wave which released to the continental slope. At last, a low-and-ball sedimentary geomorphology formed which was parallel to the slope. Geomorphologic features led to forming axial channels since relatively smaller topographic relief might impact on turbidity-current sediments. Although many single-axial channels were small in scale, they were strongly affected by reconstruction of under current, causing higher permeability, abundant sandy source during LST, and continuous distribution at the later stage. So, these bring about a better exploration prospect.
引文
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13 万志峰,夏斌,徐力峰,等.莺歌海盆地构造演化动力学机制探讨[J].海洋通报,2010,29(6):674-677.
2 田纪伟,曲堂栋.南海深海环流研究进展[J].科学通报,2012,57(20):1827-1832.
3 Chenglin Gong,Yingmin Wang,Xuechao Peng,et al.Sediment waves on the South China Sea Slope off southwestern Taiwan:Implications for the intrusion of the Northern Pacific Deep Water into the South China Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,32:95-109.
4 Su Jilan.Overview of the South China Sea circulation and its influenceon the coastal physical oceanography outside the Pearl River Estuary[J].Continental Shelf Research,2004,24:1745-1760.
5 屈红军,梅志超,李文厚,等.陕西富平地区中奥陶统等深流沉积的特征及其地质意义[J].地质通报,2010,29(9):1304-1309.
6 高振中,何幼斌,李向东.中国地层记录中的内波及内潮汐沉积研究[J].古地理学报,2010,12(5):527-534.
7 刘成鑫,纪友亮,胡喜锋.内潮汐和内波沉积研究现状与展望[J].海洋地质动态,2005,21(3):6-11.
8 邵磊,李学杰,,耿建华,等.南海北部深水底流沉积作用[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2007,37(6):771-777.
9 高振中,何幼斌,刘成鑫,等.深水牵引流沉积的研究历程、现状与前景[J].古地理学报2006,8(3):331-338.
10 张兴阳.深水牵引流形成的床形单元组合[J].古地理学报,2000,2(2):28-36.
11 Huijie Xue,Fei Chai,Neal Pettigrew,et al.Kuroshio intrusion and the circulation in the South China Sea[J].Journal of Geophsical Research,2004,109:1-14.
12 袁圣强,吴时国,姚根顺.琼东南陆坡深水水道主控因素及勘探应用[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2010,30(2):61-66 .
13 万志峰,夏斌,徐力峰,等.莺歌海盆地构造演化动力学机制探讨[J].海洋通报,2010,29(6):674-677.
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